midterm Flashcards
divorce & romantic love
many factors can lead to divorce…possession property, and finances + it can be good in some cases
RL–perils of finding the one and living happily ever after in…but couples grow apart over time
HD: possible health concerns…
health disparities can be the lack of access to health care + segments that deal with race, class, gender, education, immigration status, or sexual orientation
diabetes, arthritis, health disease & hypertension can develop due to HD
peck’s theory
- valuing wisdom vs. physical powers
strength may no longer be primary method to problem solving - socializing vs. sexualizing
transition away from younger adulthood when finding partner & creating family were KEY tasks…focus on companionship - emotional flexibility vs. emotional impoverishment
shift emotional investment to outside the immediate family - mental flexibility vs. mental rigidity
maintenance of open-mindedness & emphasis on problem-solving
andropause/male climacteric
40-60 yrs old..men reevaluate their careers, family, relationships, and other life decisions.
known symptoms:
anxiety, depression, decline in testosterone, weight gain, insomnia, erectile dysfunction
can cause thoughts or risk of suicide among men age 50
menopause
cessation of a woman’s menstrual cycle
51 yrs + many physiological changes! value of freedom, anxiety, mood swings, dizziness…
+ lowered self-esteem, depression, hot flashes & weight gain.
culturally and socially frowned upon, a form of weakness or easily attributing aging women as crazy or unstable
motivational interviewing
focuses on the person and prompts behavior change
-creating an environment of empathy, developing cognitive dissonance in the client, and exploring client ambivalence so client can argue for change
-drawn from cognitive based therapy & person based therapy
levinson theory and women’s vs. men’s development
-early: establishing identity/decisions made = foundation for an adult identity
-middle: established career/family but can grapple w/ meaning of aging, life satisfaction, what more can one do? [relocating, divorce, remarrying, new family, or career change]
-late: concerns retirement, grandparenting, loss of partner or health problems/impairment
women vs. men: women are less likely to mentor than men, dreams are attached to the needs of others…men’s dreams tend to be self-focused: PERSONAL goals/career attainment
generativity vs. stagnation
G: success! contributing to the world! active in community/life/home…cont. pursuit of new knowledge & self-growth
S: not contributing! sense of having no recognition…don’t feel like their thoughts/ideas matter! overwhelmed with self, don’t really care about others…spending a lot of time doing nothing fulfilling
MA: cognitive capacity
-CC in most healthy, intellectually active middle-aged adults do NOT show much decline
-can match or exceed the cog. abilities of YOUNGER ppl + MA adults are at BEST, creatively
-great problem-solvers & better at reflecting on info/judging it for its value/worth personally and practically
aging, agism, double standard of aging
ageism: prejudice/discrimination against ppl or groups based on their age
-institutional practices/policies that compound stereotypes ab. older people
aging: act of everyone’s life that has been made seem like a bad thing thru reinforcement of beauty standards [hair dye, anti-wrinkle creams, surgery + decline in MA/OA adults being in the media
the double standard of aging: more focused on the beauty, appearance, and able-bodied women…not too focused on what men can/can’t do or their appearance
MA: physical changes
menopause: cessation of a woman’s menstrual cycle + women may experience…headache, insomnia, hot flashes, thinning hair, weight gain, skin changes, mood fluctuations & growth of hair in unwanted places
-how a woman interact w/menopause can alter daily life and in some cases, need for medical intervention
male climacteric: 35-60 age range, men reevaluate their careers, familiar relationships, and other major life decisions + may experience anxiety or depression
-can experience hair loss, weight gain, diminished energy, decreased muscle strength, decreased hormone production + a slowed sexual response cycle & sexual dysfunction.
authoritarian personality & socialization
AP: tendency to be highly sensitive to totalitarian & antidemocratic ideas and therefore prone to prejudice
-ppl with this personality are likely to label ppl into group of “us” and “them”
-can be…rigid, inflexible, conformist, and loyal to authority figures which is likely to lead to discrimination & oppression of others
S: process thru which we value some characteristics, ideas, and behaviors more than others. can lead to bias in favor of what we have learned and against the unfamiliar
ex. if prejudice/neagtive treatment of others are modeled, children will tend to be socialized toward prejudiced behaviors towards others
privilege
social currency is granted to ppl who have membershipin one or more of the following social identity groups: white ppl, able-bodied ppl, heterosexuals, males, Christians, middle owning-class ppl, middle-aged ppl, and English speaking ppl
-operates on individual, institutional, societal/cultural levels + provides unearned advantages, favors, and benefits to dominant groups at the expense of oppressed/targeted groups
discrimination
[behavior]
-negative, unequal treatment and behavior toward members of different cultural and social group
*involves actions by a dominant group that are harmful to members of subordinate group
environmental racism
how environmental health hazards negatively impact people of color
cultural racism
blaming the victims of racism for their problems
institutional racism
structures that benefit privileged racial (white) groups
individual racism
-similar to interpersonal racism
-can be over, open, or blatant
-can also be subtle
racism vs. prejudice
P: negative feelings toward members of different cultural and social groups
R: a complex system of advantage based on race that is compromised of negative attitudes or beliefs (prejudices) and actions (discrimination) rooted in institutional structures and patterns of power that subordinated racial and ethnic minority groups
fowler’s theory of faith development in EA- conjuctive faith
- 7 stages
- stage 6: conjunctive faith (occurs in MIDLIFE+)
- people accept that conflicts exist between their beliefs and those of conventional religions. spirituality takes on a deeper meaning.
+ only a small percentage reach stage 6 & 7
