Midterm Flashcards
What emotional responses are exhibited by a lying person due to fear of detection?
External and internal physical and physiological changes.
What drives a person to lie according to the psychology of a lying person?
Fears, anxieties, and apprehensions channeled toward self-preservation.
What types of questions are included in a polygraph test?
Relevant questions and control questions.
What age range is associated with the ‘Fantastic Subject’ in understanding age characteristics?
7 – 12 years.
At what age do subjects begin to distinguish between fantasy and reality?
13 – 19 years.
What psychological characteristics are typical for subjects aged 20-25?
Idealistic, principled, responsible, and sociable.
Which age group is considered to serve as the best witnesses in polygraphy?
26-60 years.
What physiological phenomena does a polygraph instrument record?
Physiological changes that occur when the subject tells a lie or deception.
What does the Pneumograph component of a polygraph measure?
Respiratory activity.
What is the function of the beaded chain in the Pneumograph component?
To fasten the pneumographic tube to the Subject’s chest or stomach.
What does the Cardio-graphic Component of a polygraph record?
Changes in the human circulatory system, such as blood pressure and pulse rates.
What is the purpose of the aneroid blood pressure meter gauge in a polygraph?
To measure and monitor blood pressure readings.
What does the Galvanograph component record?
Changes occurring in the Nervous-Excretory systems.
What is the role of finger electrodes in polygraph testing?
To record electrical charges from the brain through the skin.
What is the function of the Kymograph in a polygraph?
To move strip chart paper at a specified rate.
What does simultaneous recording in polygraphy refer to?
Documenting multiple related events at the same time.
What is included in the attachment of a polygraph record?
Photographs, official documents, additional notes.
What does the results section of a polygraph recording outline?
Key observations, data analysis, verification of facts.
What is the LX 4000 computerized polygraph used for?
To record, store, and analyze physiological changes during a polygraph examination.
What is the importance of chart marking in polygraph testing?
Facilitates evaluation and interpretation of test charts.
What does a specific response in chart interpretation indicate?
A deviation from the subject norm.
What are the general rules in chart interpretation?
- Specific response must occur. 2. Deviation from the norm is required. 3. Must appear in at least two charts. 4. Best indication of deception is simultaneous specific responses in three tracings.
What physiological changes may be recorded in the Pneumo Tracing during a polygraph test?
Changes in respiratory activity.
What is required for a response to be considered specific?
A deviation from the norm
How many test charts must show a specific response?
At least two
What is the best indication of deception in chart interpretation?
Simultaneously specific responses in three tracing charts
What is the normal rate of breathing cycles per minute?
18 cycles per minute
What happens to the respiration pattern when the rate decreases with increased amplitude?
It causes irregularity in the respiration pattern
What is tidal air?
The average amount of air inhaled and exhaled in a single cycle
What ratio describes the time consumed in inspiration and expiration during normal respiration?
3 to 5
What does a notch in the inspiration or expiration stroke indicate?
Catching of breath due to surprise or emotional responses
What is hyperventilation?
Regular deep breathing to confuse the examiner
What can cause hyperventilation during testing?
Prolonged suppression of breathing
What does suppression of breathing indicate?
Bracing against anticipated shock
What is a respiratory block?
An exaggerated form of suppression with shortened inspiration and expiration strokes
What does the galvo tracing measure?
Increase or decrease of skin resistance
What is a double saddle response in galvo tracing?
A specific pattern indicating deception
What does an increase in blood pressure indicate in cardio tracing?
A rise in cardio tracing
What happens to blood pressure after a crucial question?
It may show an increase or decrease
What indicates an increase in pulse rate on cardio tracing?
Closer cardio patterns
What effect does an increase in amplitude have on the cardio pattern?
The pattern becomes taller
What does the position of the diacritic notch indicate?
The blood pressure in the system
What is an extra systole?
Premature contraction of an auricle or ventricle
True or False: A sustained rise in blood pressure during a crucial question is indicative of deception.
True
Fill in the blank: The time ratio of inspiration to expiration in normal respiration is _______.
3 to 5
