Midterm Flashcards
Which molecular diagram shows part of a cellulose molecule?
Molecular diagram of cellulose
Cellulose is a polysaccharide consisting of a linear chain of several hundred to many thousands of linked D-glucose units.
What describes oleic acid?
B. Cis monounsaturated
Oleic acid is a fatty acid that is commonly found in various animal and vegetable fats and oils.
What is formed in the polymerization reaction?
D. A tripeptide formed by the condensation of three amino acids
Which property of water is not illustrated?
D. Adhesion
What describes the structure of glycogen?
B. Branched polymer of alpha-D-glucose linked by 1,6 glycosidic linkages with branches linked by 1,4 glycosidic linkages
Why are lipids more efficient energy stores than carbohydrates?
B. Lipids release more energy per gram than carbohydrates.
To which group of compounds does testosterone belong?
C. Lipids
What is the benefit to living organisms that water has a high specific heat capacity?
B. Aquatic environments do not have a great fluctuation in their temperature.
Which diagram and monosaccharide represent glycogen?
C
What distinguishes cellulose from glycogen and starch?
D. Cellulose has a structural role whereas starch and glycogen function in energy storage.
What is the term for the attraction of water molecules to other water molecules?
C. Cohesion
Which process is an example of catabolism?
C. Hydrolysis of protein
What property of water accounts for its usefulness as a coolant in sweat?
B. High latent heat of vaporization
What is the molecule represented by the diagram?
A. Amylose
Which of the molecules shown would be most suitable for long-term energy storage in humans?
B. Amylopectin
What is a property of water?
D. Water molecules are highly cohesive, which is important to transport in xylem.
What type of molecule is formed by the chemical reaction shown in the diagram?
B. Disaccharide.
Where do hydrogen bonds form?
C. Between the slight positive charge of hydrogen and slight negative charge of oxygen in different water molecules.
Which type of chemical reaction is an example of anabolism?
D. Condensation.
What allows the presence of ions, sugars, amino acids, proteins, and hormones in sweat?
Solvent properties.
Which molecule represents a lipid?
C. H,CO —!! —CH (CH≥) 15CHs
Example of a lipid structure.
What is an example of anabolism?
C. Formation of maltose from two glucose molecules
Anabolism involves building larger molecules from smaller ones.
What can be concluded from the energy stores data?
C. The adipose tissue provides for most of the long-term energy storage.
The data indicates that adipose tissue has the highest energy storage.
Which chemical group is found at X in the protein structure?
D. COOH
Which features of phospholipids give them their amphipathic properties?
D. Hydrophilic phosphate groups and hydrophobic fatty acids
Which molecule could be hydrolysed into amino acids?
C. H
C17H35C-0-C-H
C17H35C —0-C—H
H-c-OH H
H
Which of the following molecular formulas is most likely NOT a carbohydrate?
D. C4H8O2
Which macromolecule is shown?
A. Protein
How many total glycosidic bonds are in this polysaccharide?
B. four
How many water molecules are shown in the diagram?
The diagram shows 6 water molecules.
Describe the partial charges and bonding in one molecule of water.
In one molecule of water, there are partial negative charges on the oxygen atom and partial positive charges on the hydrogen atoms. The water molecule is held together by polar covalent bonds.
State one disaccharide and the two monomers from which it can be synthesized.
Disaccharide: Sucrose
Monomers: 1: Glucose and 2: Fructose
Draw deoxyribose.
Deoxyribose is a five-carbon sugar with the formula C5H10O4.
Draw beta-glucose.
Beta-glucose is a six-carbon sugar with the formula C6H12O6.
