Midterm

Question 1

a. Accuracy

Answer 1

how close a given set of measurements are to their true value.

Question 2

Precision

Answer 2

how close the measurements are to each other.

Question 3

Observation

Answer 3

objective; based on the 5 senses, not opinion.

Question 4

Inference

Answer 4

subjective; a guess about an observation.

Question 5

Hypothesis

Answer 5

: a testable prediction that attempts to answer a question.

Question 6

Independent Variable

Answer 6

: what is being purposefully changed; what is being tested; the “cause”

Question 7

Dependent variable

Answer 7

what is being measured; the data collected as a response; the “effect”

Question 8

Constant

Answer 8

factors that do not change in the experiment; conditions kept the same for all groups.

Question 9

Control group

Answer 9

the normal group used for comparison.

Question 10

Quantitative

Answer 10

numerical data

Question 11

Qualitative

Answer 11

descriptive data

Question 12

average speed

Answer 12

the total distance traveled by the object divided by the elapsed time to cover that distance

Question 13

Instantaneous Speed

Answer 13

the speed of an obj at an instant of a time

Question 14

Inertia

Answer 14

The tendency of an object to resist a change in motion

Question 15

Weight

Answer 15

The force of gravity on an object

Question 16

Newton’s 1st law

Answer 16

an object will move at a constant velocity until a net force acts on it.

Question 17

Newton’s 2nd law

Answer 17

A net force acting on an object causes the object to accelerate in the direction of the net force

Question 18

Newton’s 3rd law

Answer 18

every action has an equal and opposite reaction.

Question 19

Kinetic energy

Answer 19

energy in motion

Question 20

Potential energy

Answer 20

stored energy

Question 21

Mechanical energy

Answer 21

the total amount of kinetic and potential energy in a system.

Question 22

Conductor

Answer 22

materials that allow heat to flow easily

Question 23

Insulator

Answer 23

materials that do not allow heat to flow easily

Question 24

Work

Answer 24

the transfer of energy that occurs when a force makes an object move.

Question 25

Power

Answer 25

the amount of work done in a certain time; the rate at which work is done.

Question 26

Circuit

Answer 26

closed path through which electrons can flow.

Question 27

Resistance

Answer 27

) the tendency of a material to oppose the flow of electrons through it.

Question 28

Current

Answer 28

the net movement of electric charge in a single direction

Question 29

Voltage difference

Answer 29

) the push (force) that causes charge to move.