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Voice Disorders > Midterm > Flashcards

Midterm Flashcards

1
Q

Lateral Cricoarytenoid

A

Type: Intrinsic
Function: Down and in adducts vocal folds
Innervation: Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Branch of the Vagus Nerve

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2
Q

Speech Correction: Principles and Methods

A

Author: Van Riper
Contribution: remediation, advocated perceptually diagnosing voice disorders as disorders of pitch, loudness, and/or quality

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3
Q

Pars Recta of the Cricothyroid

A

Type: Intrinsic
Function: rock the thyroid cartilage down and forward
Innervation: Superior Laryngeal External Branch of the Vagus

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4
Q

2 classes of voice disorders

A

resonance: dysfunctions in coupling or uncoupling of oral cavity, nasal cavity, and/or pharynx which affects the quality of voice
phonation: result primarily from the action of the vocal folds, causing a vocal quality that is unsuitable

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5
Q

How the extrinsic muscles contribute to voice production

A

hold larynx in place in the neck and responsible for the gross motor adjustments associated with raising/lowering the larynx which increases or decreases pitch

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6
Q

How the intrinsic muscles contribute to voice production

A

responsible for the fine motor movements that are associated with tensing or relaxing the vocal folds and opening or closing the vocal folds

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7
Q

Ventricles

A

small space between the true and false vocal folds

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8
Q

Rehabilitation of Speech

A

Authors: West Kennedy and Carr
Contribution: organic voice disorders with pathology present, if the voice is disordered, there is always a reason and if properly studied, that reason can be determined

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9
Q

Conus Elasticus

A

inferior to fibroelastic membrane, covers vocal folds and upper portion of the trachea which forms the true vocal folds

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10
Q

How the intrinsic and extrinsic muscles work in concert for voice production

A

anytime you alter the extrinsic muscles, you alter the tension and relationship of the intrinsic muscles

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11
Q

Laryngeal Saccules

A

40-60 of them within the ventricles, produce mucus which keeps the larynx tissues moist and makes it easier to phonate

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12
Q

Aryepiglottic folds

A

Course: Folds of tissue that extend from the top of arytenoid anteriorly to sides of epiglottis
Function: narrows (moves inward) when swallowing but has no role in voice production

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13
Q

Parameters which constitute a functional description of the typical voice

A
  1. Should be loud enough to be heard
  2. should not be produced in a manner that causes vocal trauma
  3. Should be pleasant to listen to and have a pleasing quality
  4. Should be flexible enough to express a range of emotions
  5. Should represent the speaker well in terms of age, culture, and gender
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14
Q

Voice as an adapted or overlaid function of the larynx

A

The function of the larynx is biologic, however, overtime the anatomy has made it more uniquely suited for voice production

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15
Q

Voice disorders are more prevalent in what gender as children?

A

Boys

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16
Q

Fictitious/Folklore Stage

A

voice production was considered magical, supernatural, or religious; doctors were some type of religious deity; treated with folk remedies or even excommunication

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17
Q

Voice disorders are more prevalent in what gender as adults?

A

Women

18
Q

Vocal fold layers

A
  1. Epithelium
  2. Superficial layer of the lamina propria
  3. intermediate layer of the lamina propria
  4. deep layer of the lamina propria
  5. vocalis muscle
19
Q

Mucosal wave of vocal folds

A

-moves medially to laterally across the vocal folds
-cover body model which means that because because each layer has their own denseness or stiffness, they respond to deformation differently, the cover vibrates, then the transition shortly after, and then the body

20
Q

Metaphysical Stage

A

knowledge based partly on observation but mainly speculation; doctors were philosophers

21
Q

Traditional Stage

A

lasted for 1500 years and coincided with the dark ages, study of voice was stagnated and regressed

22
Q

Geniohyoid

A

Type: Extrinsic
Function: pulls the hyoid and larynx up and forward
Innervation: Hypoglossal Nerve

23
Q

Glottis

A

space between the true vocal folds that is a variable sphincter ( changes size depending on what you are doing)

24
Q

Difference between cartilaginous and membranous glottis

A

Cartilaginous- posterior 1/3 of the glottis, bordered by the cartilaginous vocal folds, not much vibration
Membranous- anterior 2/3 of the glottis, surrounded by the vocal folds, where the vocal folds vibrate most

25
Q

Realistic Stage

A

knowledge and study of the throat was based on observation and experimentation, study of the voice and throat became a science, we remain in this stage but it started with the Renaissance

26
Q

Superior Belly of the Omohyoid

A

Type: Extrinsic
Function: pulls hyoid and larynx down
Innervation: Hypoglossal Nerve

27
Q

Inferior Belly of the Omohyoid

A

Type: Extrinsic
Function: pulls hyoid and larynx down
Innervation: Hypoglossal Nerve

28
Q

Anterior Belly of the Digastric

A

Type: Extrinsic
Function: Pulls the hyoid and larynx up and forward
Innervation: Trigeminal Nerve

29
Q

Sternohyoid

A

Type: Extrinsic
Function: pulls hyoid and larynx down
Innervation: Hypoglossal Nerve

30
Q

Layers of Vocal Folds per Body Cover Model

A

Cover: epithelium and superficial layer of the lamina propria
Transition: intermediate and deep layers of the lamina propria
Body: the vocalis muscle

31
Q

Mylohyoid

A

Type: Extrinsic
Function: pulls the hyoid and larynx up and forward
Innervation: Trigeminal Nerve

32
Q

Thyrohyoid

A

Type: Extrinsic
Function: draws hyoid and thyroid cartilage closer together
Innervation: Hypoglossal Nerve

33
Q

Stylohyoid

A

Type: Extrinsic
Function: Pulls hyoid and larynx up and back
Innervation: Facial Nerve

34
Q

Thyroarytenoid

A

Type: Intrinsic
Function: Draws the thyroid cartilage and the arytenoid cartilages closer together, shorten vocal folds and decrease pitch
Innervation: Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Branch of the Vagus Nerve

35
Q

Sternothyroid

A

Type: Extrinsic
Function: directly manipulates the larynx by pulling it down
Innervation: Hypoglossal Nerve

36
Q

Posterior Belly of the Digastric

A

Type: Extrinsic
Function: pull the hyoid and larynx back
Innervation: Facial Nerve

37
Q

Posterior Cricoarytenoid

A

Type: Intrinsic
Function: primary abductor by rocking arytenoids out and back
Innervation: Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Branch of the Vagus Nerve

38
Q

Pars Oblique of the Cricothyroid

A

Type: Intrinsic
Function: Glider of the thyroid cartilage, stretch vocal folds and heightens pitch
Innervation: Superior Laryngeal External Branch of the Vagus Nerve

39
Q

Transverse Arytenoid

A

Type: Intrinsic
Function: generates medial compression by pulling vocal folds together
Innervation: Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Branch of the Vagus Nerve

40
Q

Oblique Arytenoid

A

Type: Intrinsic
Function: contract and draw apex of the arytenoids together reinforcing medial compression
Innervation: Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Branch of the Vagus Nerve

Voice Disorders (1 decks)

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