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MACRO PERSPECTIVE OF TOURISM > MIDTERM > Flashcards

MIDTERM Flashcards

1
Q

THE 20 MOTIVATION FOR TRAVEL

A
  1. Escape;
  2. Relaxation;
  3. Relief of tension;
  4. Sunlust;
  5. Physical;
  6. Health;
  7. Family togetherness;
  8. Interpersonal relations;
  9. Roots or ethnic;
  10. Maintain social contacts;
  11. Convince oneself of one’s achievements;
  12. Show one’s importance to others;
  13. Status and prestige;
  14. Self-discovery;
  15. Cultural;
  16. Education;
  17. Professional/business;
  18. Wanderlust;
  19. Interest in foreign areas; and
  20. Scenery.
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2
Q

FOUR CLASSES OF BASIC TRAVEL MOTIVATORS

A

Physical Motivators
Cultural Motivators
Interpersonal Motivators
Status and Prestige Motivators

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3
Q

Include those related to physical rest, sports
participation, beach recreation, relaxing entertainment,
and other motivations directly connected with health;

A

PHYSICAL MOTIVATORS

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4
Q

Include the desire to know about other countries –
their music, art, folklore, dances, paintings, and
religions;

A

CULTURAL MOTIVATORS

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5
Q

Pertain to the desire to meet other people, visit friends or
relatives, escape from routine, from family, and neighbors;

A

INTERPERSONAL MOTIVATORS

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6
Q

Concerns ego needs and personal development. Included in
this group are trips related to business, conventions, study,
and pursuit of hobbies and education. Travel would enhanced
ones recognition and good reputation

A

Status and Prestige Motivators

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7
Q

WHAT ARE THE four Psychology of travel

A

A. MOTIVATION FOR TRAVEL
B. TRAVEL AS A MEANS TO SATISFY A NEED
AND WANTS
C. RELATIONSHIP OF NEEDS, WANTS, MOTIVES

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8
Q

A study of travel motivations found in travel literature indicates
that these motivations fit into the hierarchy of needs model of?

A

Abraham Maslow

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9
Q

THE FIVE hierarchy of needs as
determine of behavior

A

1.Physiological needs - hunger, thirst, rest, and activity;

2.Safety needs- safety and security, freedom from fear and anxiety;

3.Social needs - love, affection, giving, and receiving;

4.Self-esteem - self-respect, and esteem from others and;

5.Self-actualization - personal fulfillment.

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10
Q

two intellectual

A
  1. To know and understand – acquiring knowledge; and
  2. Aesthetic - appreciation of beauty.
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11
Q

is a method of
encouraging and satisfying his need for interpersonal relations and
social interaction.

A

The organized tour

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12
Q

This motivation is commonly referred to as?

A

VFR market (visit friends and relatives).

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13
Q

WHAT ARE THE TWO GROUPS?

A

The first group consists of those who are born somewhere else and
would like to return to their own homeland.

The second group is those in later generations who wish to
experience the land of their ancestors.

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14
Q

Maslow’s concept of the need for esteem has two components that of?

A

self–esteem and that of esteem from other.

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15
Q

are shown in the desire to exhibit
achievement, competence, and independence.

A

SELF-ESTEEM

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16
Q

is explained by the concepts of prestige, status, and
recognition.

A

ESTEEM FOR OTHERS

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17
Q

is the state of being free from the urgent demands of the
lower-level needs.

A

LEISURE

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18
Q

WHAT ARE THE 6 TOURIST MOTIVATIONS?

A

A. THE NEED FOR ESCAPE OR CHANGE MOTIVATIONS
B. THE TRAVEL FOR HEALTH
C. SPORTS
D. SOCIAL CONTACT
E. TRAVEL FOR EDUCATION
F. THE PERSONAL VALUES

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19
Q

Needs-based motivation theories imply the concept of leisure
tourists choosing destination and holiday type according to their
preferences to satisfy needs and desires. These theories are based
upon the?

A

the theory of Maslow (1954) and Murray’s classification of
human needs (1938).

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20
Q

The greatest reason for travel can be summed up in one word?

A

ESCAPE

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21
Q

Development in the field of medicine has influenced travel for centuries, giving rise to the concept of “HEALTH TOURISM”

A

THE TRAVEL FOR HEALTH

22
Q

Interest in sports is attracting large segments of the population.
People demand activity and excitement during their leisure hours to
relieve them from the boredom of their work.

A

SPORTS

23
Q

Much travel grows out of the social nature of people. Human beings are
social animals, we need contact and communication with others and we tend
to feel comfortable in a tour group.

A

SOCIAL CONTACT

24
Q

According to Charles Metelka, travel increases the?

A

SOCIALIBILITY RESOURCES

25
Q

The search for knowledge and truth is inherent in every individual. Travel
offers an opportunity to satisfy the urge to learn. Once an interest has been
developed in a destination area, the urge to see that area emerges and the
interest grows as knowledge increases.

A

TRAVEL FOR EDUCATION

26
Q

The notion of personal values is an important travel motivator.
Many people are urged to travel to satisfy personal values such as
the search for spiritual experience, patriotism, and wholesomeness.

A

THE PERSONAL VALUES

27
Q

Internal factors arouse, direct, and integrate a person’s behaviour
and influence his decisions for travelling.

A

INTERNAL FACTORS OF MOTIVATION

28
Q

pertain to assuring one’s capabilities on different emotional fronts.

A

INTRINSIC MOTIVATION

29
Q

drives the tourists to opt for
tourism for intangible rewards such as fun, assurance, and other emotional
needs.

A

INTRINSIC MOTIVATION

30
Q

The other intrinsic factors of motivation are:

A

ATTITUDES OF TOURIST
TOURIST’S PERCEPTION
VALUES OR BELIEFS
PERSONALITY OF THE TOURIST

31
Q

Knowledge of a person, place, or object + positive or negative feelings about the same.

A

ATTITUDES OF TOURIST -

32
Q

By observing, listening, or getting knowledge, a tourist forms the
perception about a place, person, or an object.

A

TOURIST’S PERCEPTION -

33
Q

A tourist believes or values a specific mode of conduct which is acceptable personally or socially.

A

VALUES OR BELIEFS -

34
Q

The nature and physique of a tourist plays an important role towards motivation in tourism.

A

PERSONALITY OF THE TOURIST -

35
Q

that can influence tourists and pull them towards a certain motivation and subsequent decision.

A

EXTERNAL FACTORS OF MOTIVATION

36
Q

a tourist gets motivated by external factors such as money and the need to feel competent on the scale of expenditure and performance.

A

EXTRINSIC MOTIVATION

37
Q

THE EXAMPLE OF EXTRINSIC MOTIVATION

A

PLACE OF ORIGIN, CULTURE OR SOCIAL CLASS, FAMILY AND AGE, MARKET

38
Q

The grooming of the tourist depends upon the place of its origin. For
example, for the Indian married women, the tourism might come last in the
list of preferential things they wish to do whereas for American ladies,
tourism would acquire much higher rank.

A

PLACE OF ORIGIN -

39
Q

Tourists of different cultures prefer different places, events, and different
types of tourism. In addition, if friends and families who have visited a place
earlier spread the first-hand information that motivates the others to visit the
place too.

A

CULTURE OR SOCIAL CLASS -

40
Q

The family matters when it comes to the structure and the income. Today,
the families with double income tend to opt for long distance, extravagant
tourism more than families with single-earning member who are interested in
visiting domestic places. The tourists also have different preferences of places
according to their age. For example, tourists in the age group of 5-45 years
might enjoy visiting destination in Disneyland more than the senior citizens.

A

FAMILY AND AGE -

41
Q

Ever-changing market variables alter tourism. Changes in value of
currency, political situations, and economic well-being of the country influence
the decisions of a tourist.

A

MARKET -

42
Q

WHO believe that individuals differ in the amount of
psychological tension they can handle?

A

Edward J. Mayo and Lance Jervis in The Psychology of Leisure
Travel

43
Q

2 CLASSIFICATION OF TRAVELERS
BASED ON PERSONALITY

A

psychocentrics and allocentrics.

44
Q

or people centered on self, are inhibited and
adventuresome. When traveling, they prefer to visit “safe”
destination.

A

Psychocentrics

45
Q

is quite content to stay
at home.

A

The low-energy psychocentrics

46
Q

will take a tour that is
completely arranged at the destination.

A

The high-energy psychocentrics

47
Q

people having interest and attention on other person, are
highly curious and thrive on stimulation and change.

A

ALLOCENTRICS

48
Q

is still curious and adventuresome but foregoes the
more demanding schedule.

A

The low-energy allocentric

49
Q

is the hiker, the biker,
the driver; he prefers activities with high activity level.

A

The high-energy allocentrics

50
Q

Between the psychocentrics and the allocentrics is the

A

midcentrics.

51
Q

constitutes the mass market or the majority of the population.

A

THE MIDCENTRICS

MACRO PERSPECTIVE OF TOURISM (5 decks)

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