Midterm

Question 1

Binary base/radix

Answer 1

2

Question 2

binary possible values

Answer 2

0 and 1

Question 3

binary digits

Answer 3

bit

Question 4

Nibble

Answer 4

4 bits

Question 5

Byte

Answer 5

8 bits

Question 6

Word

Answer 6

16 bits

Question 7

B01101101

Answer 7

Binary (don’t count first 0)

Question 8

number of possible values for binary

Answer 8

2^8

Question 9

octal base/radix

Answer 9

8

Question 10

octal possible values

Answer 10

0-7

Question 11

012364

Answer 11

octal (don’t count first 0)

Question 12

octal number of possible values

Answer 12

8^5

Question 13

3 bit direct correlation of octal and binary

Answer 13

0=000;1=001;2=010;3=011;4=100;5=101

Question 14

hexidecimal base/radix

Answer 14

16

Question 15

hexidecimal possible values

Answer 15

0-F

Question 16

0xC5SF

Answer 16

hexidecimal

Question 17

hex vs binary relations (4 bits)

Answer 17

0=0000;1=0001;2=0010;3=0011;4=0100;5=0101

Question 18

how to convert decimal into binary

Answer 18

divide by 2, have quotient table and remainder

Question 19

convert decimal into octal

Answer 19

divide by 8, have quotient table and remainder

Question 20

convert decimal into hex

Answer 20

divide by 16, have quotient table and remainder

Question 21

How do you add binary

Answer 21

convert numbers into binary and then put them on top like beginner multiplication

Question 22

When using a pullup resistor, what is the state of the input when the button is pressed?

Answer 22

the pin is low when the button is pressed

Question 23

For an up/down counter, when is the output of the counter true?

Answer 23

When it has reached zero

Question 24

When are PLCs used?

Answer 24

In dirty, uncomfortable, high vibration, high EMI (electromagnetic interference) environments. In industrial and manufacturing plants.

Question 25

What built in safety features do PLCs have?

Answer 25

Convection cooling if mounted on vertical surface, opto-isolator protected inputs, transistor and relay isolated outputs, and a faraday cage.

Question 26

What is the benefit of using interrupts vs polling?

Answer 26

Avoids missing button presses.

Question 27

A pushbutton that has a default state of being connected is normally…

Answer 27

Normally closed

Question 28

What is the major difference to a do loop as compared to a while or for loop?

Answer 28

a do loop always runs once

Question 29

Two other examples of while(1);

Answer 29

while(true){} and while(x=1); if its already established in the code

Question 30

to flash a single light a 2Hz, what should the delay lengths be?

Answer 30

delay(250);

Question 31

How would you write (if x is less than 5 or equal to 10)?

Answer 31

if(x<5||x==10){blahblah}

Question 32

what is the difference between = and ==

Answer 32

= makes it that value. == checks if its the same value

Question 33

what does millis() do?

Answer 33

It returns the number of milliseconds passed since the arduino program started.

Question 34

What is an unsigned long?

Answer 34

has storage of 32 bits

Question 35

what does randomSeed() do?

Answer 35

random number generator, but always the same.