Midterm

Question 1

refers to any event or situation that is caused or exacerbated by human actions, as opposed to natural disasters or phenomena.

Answer 1

CONCEPT OF HUMAN-INDUCED INCIDENT

Question 2

These incidents often result from intentional or unintentional activities and can have significant impacts on public safety, health, and security.

Answer 2

CONCEPT OF HUMAN-INDUCED INCIDENT

Question 3

events directly resulting from human activities, decisions, or negligence that lead to harm, damage, or disruption

Answer 3

Human Induced incidents

Question 4

These can include accidents, intentional acts of violence, environmental damage, and technological failures.

Answer 4

Human induced accidents

Question 5

Categories of Human-Induced Incidents

Answer 5

1. Accidental incidents
2. Intentional incidents
3. Environmental degradation
4. Technological failure
5. Pubic Health Incidents
6. Social and economic incidents

Question 6

Impacts of Human-Induced Incidents

Answer 6

1. Human impact
2. Economic impact
3. Environmental impact
4. Social impact

Question 7

This includes:
Loss of life, injuries, and long-term health issues.
Psychological effects, including trauma and stress.

Answer 7

Human impact

Question 8

This includes:
Costs related to response, recovery, and rebuilding.
Loss of livelihood and economic stability

Answer 8

Economic impact

Question 9

This includes:
Long-term damage to ecosystems and biodiversity.
Degradation of natural resources.

Answer 9

Environmental impact

Question 10

This includes:
Displacement and disruption of communities.
Erosion of public trust and stability.

Answer 10

Social impact

Question 11

It involves the unlawful detention of one or more individuals by an offender, often to achieve a specific goal, such as a demand for money, political leverage, or the release of prisoners.

Answer 11

Hostage situation

Question 12

This are high-risk incidents that require careful handling to ensure the safety of the hostages, responders, and the broader public.

Answer 12

Hostage situation

Question 13

Initial Response and Assessment

Answer 13

1. Receiving the call
2. Arrival on scene
3. Initial command setup
4. Isolation and containment

Question 14

• Dispatch units should obtain essential information: location, number of hostages, number and description of perpetrators, weapons involved, and the nature of demands or threats.
•
Ensure the caller remains calm and provides accurate information without putting themselves in danger.

Answer 14

Receiving the call

Question 15

• First responders should prioritize safety, avoid confrontation, and establish a secure perimeter.
• Avoid rushing into the scene; assess the situation from a safe distance to avoid escalating the incident.

Answer 15

Arrival on scene

Question 16

• Establish an Incident Command Post (ICP) and assign an Incident Commander (IC) responsible for coordinating the response.
•
Set up staging areas for responding units and a media briefing area to control information dissemination.

Answer 16

Initial command setup

Question 17

• Secure the area to prevent the perpetrator from escaping or gaining additional hostages.
• Control access to the scene, limiting entry to essential personnel only.
• Evacuate bystanders and ensure the safety of neighboring areas

Answer 17

Isolation and containment

Question 18

A trained negotiator should establish initial contact with the perpetrator using a calm and non-threatening tone.

Answer 18

Establishing communication

Question 19

• Identify the perpetrator’s identity, motivations, demands, and the condition of the hostages.
• Determine if there are any special needs among the hostages (children, elderly, medical conditions).

Answer 19

Gathering information

Question 20

• Use active listening to build rapport and de-escalate emotions.
• Focus on extending time, as longer negotiations typically lead to peaceful resolutions.
• Avoid making promises that cannot be fulfilled, and be transparent about what is possible.

Answer 20

Negotiation strategies

Question 21

is a state of harmonious understanding or connection between individuals, characterized by mutual respect, trust, and a positive relationship.

Answer 21

Rapport

Question 22

It is an essential component of effective communication, allowing people to feel comfortable, understood, and engaged with each other.

Answer 22

Rapport

Question 23

This establishes a foundation of mutual trust.

Answer 23

Respect

Question 24

This demonstrates that you are actively listening and value their perspective.

Answer 24

Acknowledge

Question 25

Maintain a positive attitude and use encouraging language to create a welcoming and open environment.

Answer 25

Positivity

Question 26

Use appropriate physical proximity and body language to convey openness and attentiveness.

Answer 26

Proximity

Question 27

This can help make the other person feel more comfortable.

Answer 27

Proximity

Question 28

This is to encourage dialogue and gain a deeper understanding of the other person’s thoughts and feelings.

Answer 28

Open ended questions

Question 29

Reflect or paraphrase what the other person has said to show understanding and keep the conversation flowing.

Answer 29

Reflect

Question 30

Build and maintain trust by being consistent, honest, and reliable in your interactions.

Answer 30

Trust

Question 31

Show understanding of the perpetrator’s emotions without validating their actions.

Answer 31

Tactical empathy

Question 32

Reflect and rephrase what the perpetrator says to show understanding and keep them talking.

Answer 32

Mirror and paraphrasing

Question 33

Shift focus from demands that are difficult to meet (e.g., escape or money) to those that can be addressed

Answer 33

Reframing demands

Question 34

a communication that suggests an explosive device has been or will be placed in a location.

Answer 34

Bomb threat

Question 35

It refers to the actions and procedures undertaken to manage and respond to a potential or actual bomb threat.

Answer 35

Bomb Incident Emergency Response