MIDTERM

Question 1

Within the majority Canadian culture, caregiving of children and elders is primarily provided by:
A. women.
B. oldest daughters.
C. men.
D. oldest sons.

Answer 1

A. women.

Question 2

Kaakinen’s characteristics of healthy family include:
A. health, respect and health promotion
B. unity, flexibility and communication
C. safety, role modeling and financial stability
D. positive lifestyle, emotional stability and available community resources

Answer 2

B. unity, flexibility and communication

Question 3

Interventive questions help the nurse identify the family’s experiences linked to illness and health and provide ways to understand
family member differences and similarities. Which of the following is an example of an interventive question:
A. How is this illness affecting your family?
B. What seems to be the most troubling thing for your family in managing this situation?
C. How does this illness situation most interfere with family life?
D. all of the above

Answer 3

D. all of the above

Question 4

Family resilience is defined as the ability to cope positively with adversity.
A. True
B. False

Answer 4

A. True

Question 5

Concepts are:
A. statements about the relationship between two or more ideas
B. are building blocks for theory development - concrete or abstract images of a phenomenon
C. statements about the relationship between two or more ideas
D. practical observations that create theories

Answer 5

B. are building blocks for theory development - concrete or abstract images of a phenomenon

Question 6

Using an empowerment approach would require a family health care nurse to:
A. control the environment for the client and family
B. be rigid and inflexible in order to maintain control
C. create the family’s empowerment
D. develop actions with the family’s active participation

Answer 6

C. create the family’s empowerment

Question 7

Health promotion can best be described as:
A. activities that protect families from actual or potential diseases and disabilities and their consequences.
B. activities that improve or maintain the well-being of people.
C. activities that teach families to resolve conflicts.
D. activities that help families identify their strengths and trust their own decisions.

Answer 7

B. activities that improve or maintain the well-being of people.

Question 8

The major assumptions of McCubbins Resiliency Model of Family Coping are:
A. an event, resources, family perception of the event, the crisis
B. an event, vulnerable risks, pile-up demands, family expectations
C. precipitating episode, challenges the family faces, perceptions of health care team
D. adversity, ability to cope, effective family communication
Answer: A

Answer 8

A. an event, resources, family perception of the event, the crisis

Question 9

The Family Developmental and Life Cycle Theory:
A. is a multidimensional framework consisting of three key groupings: structural, dimensional and functional.
B. was developed to understand how families respond to stressors and reactions when one member becomes chronically
ill.
C. is focus is on the lifestyle of families and the normal stages of development they experience.
D. families are examined as an organized whole, and family members are interdependent and interactive.

Answer 9

C. is focus is on the lifestyle of families and the normal stages of development they experience.

Question 10

Which of the following would be the inappropriate action for the nurse when making a phone call to a family to arrange for a
meeting?
A. State the purpose of the requested meeting, including who referred the family to you.
B. Apologize for the meeting.
C. Be factual about the need for the meeting, but do not provide details.
D. Offer several possible times for the meeting, including late afternoon or evening times.

Answer 10

B. Apologize for the meeting.

Question 11

All of the following characteristics are likely to increase the degree of family stress associated with hospitalization except
A. sudden illness onset with no time to prepare.
B. repeated family experiences with the illness.
C. few sources of guidance for the family.
D. significant disruption of family functioning as a result of the hospitalization.

Answer 11

B. repeated family experiences with the illness.

Question 12

Which of the following factors has led to the growth of family nursing in medical-surgical settings?
A. Consumer demands for unfragmented and holistic care
B. Early hospital discharge
C. Empirical evidence that families influence patient recovery
D. All of the above

Answer 12

D. All of the above

Question 13

The client story represents:
A. the intervention phase of the family nursing care plan using the Outcome Present State Testing Model
B. the assessment phase.
C. the process completed by family nurses as they establish intervention plans.
D. the clustering of data into meaningful groups, identifying pertinent relationships between variables.

Answer 13

B. the assessment phase.

Question 14

Typically, a genogram includes:
A. one generation.
B. two generations.
C. three generations.
D. four generations.

Answer 14

C. three generations.

Question 15

Ways to actively involve families during bedside nursing process include:
A. Asking them questions about how they have solved similar problems in the past.
B. Encouraging them to discuss the various options available to them to meet their needs.
C. Bringing all family members together to discuss what might be done and who could do it.
D. All of the above.

Answer 15

D. All of the above.

Question 16

Empowerment health promotion principles include:
A. people are the principle actors in making health decisions
B. professional expertise is used in a limited way
C. alikeness is highly valued
D. many families are powerless in decision making

Answer 16

A. people are the principle actors in making health decisions

Question 17

Many factors help determine whether a family is involved in health promotion. Which of the following factors may influence
promotion of a family’s health?
A. Type of family
B. Quality of family interaction
C. Developmental level of family
D. All of the above

Answer 17

D. All of the above

Question 18

Family empowerment is a process, outcome, and intervention. Nurses working toward assisting families in becoming more
empowered need to focus on:
A. providing information.
B. providing encouragement and support.
C. using specific strategies or interventions shown to increase family strength.
D. all of the above.

Answer 18

D. all of the above.

Question 19

The Calgary Family Assessment Model:
A. is a multidimensional framework consisting of three key categories: structural, developmental and functional.
B. was developed to understand how families respond to stressors and reactions when one member becomes chronically
ill.
C. is focus is on the lifestyle of families and the normal stages of development they experience.
D. families are examined as an organized whole, and family members are interdependent and interactive.

Answer 19

A. is a multidimensional framework consisting of three key categories: structural, developmental and functional.

Question 20

Understanding alone does not lead to change.
A. True or B. False

Answer 20

A. True

Question 21

If nurses could embrace the idea that nurse-led family conversations may have a healing potential, then these kinds of
conversations could become a natural part of nurses’ work, the aim being to establish a partnership with the family in a co-created
struggle to promote health and to prevent ill-health and suffering.
A.True or B.False

Answer 21

A.True

Question 22

Family involvement in discharge planning should include:
A. assessment of family capabilities.
B. legal advice or a lawyer present at every discharge meeting.
C. a written statement by the family of what they expect from the health care team.
D. an advance directive.

Answer 22

A. assessment of family capabilities.

Question 23

Jolene is a 25-yr-old single mother who has a new baby. You are a nurse visiting her home. When you enter the home, you smell
cigarette smoke and notice a pile of butts in an ashtray. The mother has the newborn and two other children. You are concerned
about the impact of second-hand smoke on the children and you decide that because this is an urgent matter, you will begin by:
A. Telling Jolene about research that has found that second-hand smoke is a health risk.
B. Offering Jolene a pamphlet on the health effects of second-hand smoke on children.
C. Asking Jolene if she would like information about a smoking cessation program offered at her local health unit.
D. Listening while Jolene tells you about her conditions of living.

Answer 23

D. Listening while Jolene tells you about her conditions of living.

Question 24

Families who live below the poverty line are at greater risk for experiencing which of the following?
A. Homelessness
B. Poor health status
C. Lack of access to health services
D. Greater mortality rates
E. All of the above

Answer 24

E. All of the above

Question 25

Instrumental Functioning includes:
A. emotional communication
B. roles
C. alliances and coalitions
D. activities of daily living

Answer 25

D. activities of daily living

Question 26

Cultural affiliation:
A. does not impact family nursing care of the hospitalized patient because the basic needs of families do not change
across cultures.
B. impacts family nursing care of the hospitalized patient because family beliefs and practices around hospitalization vary
across cultures.
C. should be assessed by nurses and interventions adapted accordingly.
D. b & c only
E. a & c only

Answer 26

D. b & c only

Question 27

The nurse is observing for the signs of a healthy family. While assessing a healthy family, what would the nurse expect to find?
A. Change is viewed as detrimental to family processes.
B. A passive response exits in stressors.
C. The structure is flexible enough to adapt to crises.
D. Minimal influence is exerted on the environment.

Answer 27

C. The structure is flexible enough to adapt to crises.

Question 28

Which of the following statements about theories is accurate?
A. Theories are subject to rules of organization.
B. Theories are statements about how some part of the world works.
C. Theories represent logical and intelligible patterns that make sense of observations.
D. All of the above.

Answer 28

D. All of the above.

Question 29

Recent research has repeatedly demonstrated that:
A. family involvement in the care of hospitalized patients increases the cost of care.
B. family involvement in the care of hospitalized patients improves outcomes.
C. family involvement in the care of hospitalized patients interferes with the care of the patient and causes poor outcomes.
D. family involvement in the care of hospitalized patients is too stressful on families and should be discouraged.

Answer 29

B. family involvement in the care of hospitalized patients improves outcomes.

Question 30

Factors that contribute to differences in health status in various cultural groups include all of the following except:
A. inadequate access to preventive and basic health care resources.
B. family and personal lifestyle differences.
C. exposure to environmental hazards.
D. personality differences.
E. income inequality and increasing unemployment.

Answer 30

D. personality differences.

Question 31

The questions “Who is in the family? What is the connection between family members? What is the family’s context?” examine
which major category in Wright & Leahey’s CFAM.
A. structural
B. developmental
C. functional

Answer 31

A. structural

Question 32

Communication patterns in families vary widely according to the family’s cultural background. Communication differences can be
present in which of the following areas:
A. The extent and explicitness of information conveyed in conversation.
B. The meaning of silence in conversation.
C. The expression of conflict.
D. All of the above.

Answer 32

D. All of the above.

Question 33

The most relevant definition of family is:
A. All the members of a household under one roof
B. A fundamental social group in society consisting of two parents and their children.
C. the family is who they say they are
D. one’s wife or husband and one’s children

Answer 33

C. the family is who they say they are

Question 34

A nurse is working with a newcomer family who is experiencing language barriers, unemployment, and precarious housing. Many
of the family’s traditions and values from their culture of origin remain helpful. What statement best describes the family’s situation.
A. The family’s traditions and values are strengths in a situation currently shared by many Canadians.
B. The family is not at risk for poor health because their traditions will keep them healthy.
C. All values and beliefs from their culture of origin will remain intact after immigration.
D. Once family members attend English language training they will successfully adapt to Canadian life.

Answer 34

A. The family’s traditions and values are strengths in a situation currently shared by many Canadians.

Question 35

Assessment can be defined as:
A. a continuously evolving process of data collection to assist nurses in using information from the past and present to
predict the future.
B. the process of assigning numbers or symbols to variables to assist nurses in measuring particular characteristics of
family members.
C. an instrument used by family nurses to give a quantifiable result when a particular attribute is examined.
D. a tool used by nurses to obtain important family information in less than 15 minutes.

Answer 35

C. an instrument used by family nurses to give a quantifiable result when a particular attribute is examined.

Question 36

The process of a nurse becoming aware of his/her own cultural values and beliefs is considered:
A. competency.
B. sensitivity.
C. awareness.
D. cultural classification.

Answer 36

A. competency.

Question 37

You are interviewing the family of a client who is suffering from alcoholism. The advantage of this technique is that it:
A. examines relationships.
B. aids the nurse in establishing a diagnosis.
C. identifies the impact on the family of the illness.
D. helps the nurse gain specific information.

Answer 37

C. identifies the impact on the family of the illness.

Question 38

The Family Systems Theory:
A. is a multidimensional framework consisting of three key groupings: structural, dimensional and functional.
B. was developed to understand how families respond to stressors and reactions when one member becomes chronically
ill.
C. is focus is on the lifestyle of families and the normal stages of development they experience.
D. families are examined as an organized whole, and family members are interdependent and interactive

Answer 38

D. families are examined as an organized whole, and family members are interdependent and interactive

Question 39

Family rituals can be described as:
A. receptive behaviors or activities between two or more family members that occur with regularity in the day-to-day
activities of daily living.
B. the process of family members learning to do things together.
C. the family keeping the family heritage, respect for the family history, and learning from the conflicts of members from the
previous generation.
D. the process of getting back together again after conflict.

Answer 39

C. the family keeping the family heritage, respect for the family history, and learning from the conflicts of members from the
previous generation.

Question 40

The three major areas in the Calgary Family Assessment Model include all of the following except:
A. process.
B. structure.
C. function.
D. development.

Answer 40

A. process.

Question 41

Facilitating change is the nurse’s responsibility.
A. True or B. False

Answer 41

A. True

Question 42

Nurses use an ecomap to assess:
A. relationships between family members and the community.
B. the tension among family members.
C. multigenerational patterns and health conditions.
D. a and b only.

Answer 42

A. relationships between family members and the community.

Question 43

Cultural competency is: The understanding of values, beliefs, knowledge, and behavior in the context of age, developmental
stage, geographic location, socioeconomic status, environment, and experiences.
A. True or B. False

Answer 43

A. True

Question 44

One strength of using a genogram during a family assessment is that:
A. relationships between family members and the community can be assessed.
B. the tension between family members can be assessed.
C. the communication patterns between family members can be assessed.
D. multigenerational patterns and health conditions can be assessed.

Answer 44

A. relationships between family members and the community can be assessed.

Question 45

Which of the following statements is true about family nursing practice?
A. Family care is concerned with the experience of the family over time.
B. Family nursing is directed at families whose members are both healthy and ill.
C. The family nurse is responsible together with the family itself for defining who is the family.
D. If family nursing practice is successful, the family members will simultaneously achieve maximum health.
E. All of the above.

Answer 45

E. All of the above.

Question 46

Wright and Leahey prefer to generate a strengths and problems list rather than a nursing diagnosis.
A. True or B. False

Answer 46

A. True

Question 47

In the Jones Family Case Study the various theories were applied. Strength in using Calgary Family Assessment Model was:
A. The model represents a continuum from health to death and how the family copes.
B. Focus is on a holistic approach to family development.
C. It is generally an acceptable theory in society.
D. The model and instrument provide a structure approach to family assessment and intervention based on both
quantitative and qualitative data.

Answer 47

D. The model and instrument provide a structure approach to family assessment and intervention based on both
quantitative and qualitative data.

Question 48

Cultural ignorance and insensitivity lead to the following problems in the family nursing process:
A. Poor communication with family.
B. Interpersonal tension.
C. Stigmatization.
D. Inadequate assessments.
E. All of the above.

Answer 48

E. All of the above.

Question 49

According to the Models of Family Health Promotion, healthy behaviors are learned:
A. lifelong efforts to sustain or improve quality of life.
B. lifelong efforts to nurture family members.
C. lifelong efforts to strengthen the family as a unit.
D. a and c only
E. all of the above

Answer 49

E. all of the above

Question 50

The amount of stress experienced by any one family because of the hospitalization of a family member varies depending on:
A. the timing of the hospitalization.
B. the availability of resources to the family.
C. the extent of perceived or actual loss.
D. all of the above.

Answer 50

D. all of the above.

Question 51

An individual’s health and illness affects the entire family’s functioning, and in turn, the family’s ability to function affects each
individual member’s health.
A. True or B. False

Answer 51

A. True

Question 52

The CFAM by Wright and Leahey blends nursing and family therapy concepts that are grounded in systems theory, cybernetics,
communication theory, change theory, and a biology of cognition.
A. True or B. False

Answer 52

A. True

Question 53

In the degree Family Case Study the various theories were applied. Weakness in using the Family Systems Theory was:
A. The family was viewed as a whole. The family was assessed as a whole.
B. The theory is broad and general.
C. The traditional linear family life cycle is no longer the norm.
D. The holistic approach is not specific enough to define contextual changes over time.

Answer 53

C. The traditional linear family life cycle is no longer the norm.

Question 54

In the structural assessment of the family, the nurse determines which of the following?
A. How household tasks are shared among the family members.
B. The stage of life at which the family finds itself presently
C. The emotional links between family dyads
D. Which factors influence the roles and behaviours within the family

Answer 54

D. Which factors influence the roles and behaviours within the family

Question 55

Having an understanding of the “contextual nature of families”, nurses view “Family as client” to mean:
A. The family is a component of the main institutions of society.
B. The family is the client
C. All family members are in the foreground, and no individual is exclusive of the whole
D. The individual is in the foreground, and the family is in the background.
E. The family is the resource for the individual

Answer 55

C. All family members are in the foreground, and no individual is exclusive of the whole

Question 56

Family Functions include:
A. decision making, affective, health care
B. reproduction, health care, socialization
C. rituals, economic, affective
D. reproduction, coping, communication

Answer 56

B. reproduction, health care, socialization

Question 57

The intention of theories is to make sense of the world, to show how one point is connected to another and how together they form
a blueprint that can predict the consequences of certain clusters of characteristics or events.
A. True or B. False

Answer 57

A. True

Question 58

When designing a family plan of care the family will decide the amount of information sharing and decision making they want
A.True B. False

Answer 58

A.True

Question 59

Of all the sources contributing to family nursing theory, nursing concepts/theories are the best developed. Is this a true or false
statement?
A.True B.False

Answer 59

B.False