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EQUINE > MIDTERM > Flashcards

MIDTERM Flashcards

1
Q

they are polydactyl with 3 weight bearing toes

A

EOHIPPUS

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2
Q

these early equids has their lateral supporting toes are decreased in size while mid increase

A

MESOHIPPUS

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3
Q

mesohippus are also known as?

A

Middle horses

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4
Q

also known as the first grazing horse

A

MERYCHIPPUS

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5
Q

early equids that are Monodactyl (single hooves)

A

Pliohippus

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6
Q

What epoch does Pliohippus come from?

A

Pliocene Epoch

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7
Q

What epoch does Merrychippus come from?

A

Miocene Epoch

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8
Q

What epoch does Mesohippus come from?

A

Oligocene Epoch

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9
Q

What epoch does Eohippus come from?

A

Eocene Epoch

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10
Q

What are the two types of Modern Equids?

A
  • Non Caballine Zebras & Asses
  • Caballine
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11
Q

Scientific name of Grevy’s Zebra

A

Equus Grevyi

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12
Q

These type of zebra are the largest and has the narrowest stripes

A

Grevy’s Zebra

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13
Q

Scientific Name of Mountain Zebra

A

Equus Zebra

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14
Q

These type of zebra has thick stripes with thick spaces, they also have “V” like pattern at the back and unique for having a dewlap

A

Mountain Zebra

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15
Q

Scientific Name of plain zebra

A

Equus Burchelli

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16
Q

Type of zebra that is a Typical zebra with Wide vertical stripes and Thick horizontal stripes (rump)

A

Plain Zebra

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17
Q

Scientific name of Wild Asses

A

Equus Africanus

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18
Q

Asses where domestic Donkey is derived from

A

Nubian wild ass & Somali Wild ass

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19
Q

how many chromosomes does Przewalski horse have?

A

66 chromosome

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20
Q

Vertebral formula of a horse

A

C7, T18, L6, S5, Cd15-21

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21
Q

Vertebral formula of a donkey

A

C7, T18, L5, S5, Cd15-21

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22
Q

Scientific name of the Asses

A

Hemionies

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23
Q

Their Ears longer than horses’ but shorter than donkey

A

Asses

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24
Q

Scientific name of Mongolian Khulan

A

Equus Hemionus Hemionus

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25
Q

Mongolian Khulan is from?

A

North Mongolia

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26
Q

What are the 4 subspecies of Asses

A
  • Mongolian Khulan
  • Khur
  • Kulan
  • Persian Onager
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27
Q

scientific name of the Khur

A

Equus Hemionus Khur

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28
Q

scientific name of the Kulan

A

Equus Hemionus Kulan

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29
Q

scientific name of the Persian Onager

A

Equus Hemionus Onager

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30
Q

Where is Khur from

A

Thar deser, India

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31
Q

Where is Kulan from

A

Turkmenistan

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32
Q

Where is Persian Onager from?

A

Iran

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33
Q

Color of Donkey

A
  • Buff gray to iron gray (winter)
  • Black, white, or any shades of gray
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34
Q

T/F

Donkey have forelock

A

False

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35
Q

give atleast 1 Unique characteristic of a donkey

A
  • no forelock
  • no chestnut
  • 5 Lumbar
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36
Q

Male donkey

A

Jack / Jackass

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37
Q

Female donkey

A

Jennet / Jenny

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38
Q

tallest donkey is called?

A

American Mammoth Jackstock

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39
Q

what cross are bred to produce a Mule

A

Jackass (Male donkey) X Mare (Fem Horse)

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40
Q

Why are Mule practical that horse?

A
  • smooth movement under saddle
  • Sure-footedness on mountain trails (that may be steep for horses)
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41
Q

Give reasons why mules are economical

A
  • intelligent
  • Time off when pregnant/tending young is not needed
  • Tough, adaptive, resilient
  • Strong (than horse) and fast
  • More capable of sustained hard work
  • Adapt to heat easily & work better in hot climates
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42
Q

What does a Poitevin sire & dam produce?

A

Heavy draft mules

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43
Q

Smaller Maltese & Indian Jackass produce?

A

Light or heavy

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44
Q

What cross is bred to produce a Hinny?

A

Stallion X Jenny

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45
Q

They are Smaller than mules and horse

A

Hinnies

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46
Q

Give unique feature of a hinny that makes you distinguish them

A
  • Horselike head with longer ears
  • Horse like tail and manes
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47
Q

Give 1 characteristic of a Hinny

A
  • less valuable as workers
  • harder to breed
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48
Q

horse of either sex below 1 year old

A

Foal

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49
Q

delivery of young horse

A

Foaling

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50
Q

Foal that is nursing

A

Suckling

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51
Q

foal that has been weaned

A

Weanling

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52
Q

a horse of either sex that is between one and two years old

A

Yearling

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53
Q

young female horse; usually up to 4yrs

A

Filly

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54
Q

mature female horse ; more than 4 yrs old

A

Mare

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55
Q

mature female horse used for breeding

A

Broodmare

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56
Q

Young male horse

A

Calf

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57
Q

Mature non castrated male horse
More than 4 yrs old

A

Stallion

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58
Q

Mature male horse used for breeding

A

Stud horse

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59
Q

Castrated horse at an early age

A

Gelding

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60
Q

Castrated horse at an advance age

A

Stag

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61
Q

it means the absence of one or both testicles (undescended testicles)

A

Cryptorchidism

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62
Q

stallion with only one testicle

A

Monorchid

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63
Q

no testicles at all

A

Bilateral cryptorchid

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64
Q

How is horse’s Height measured?

A

by hand and is measured at the height of the withers where the neck meets the back

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65
Q

A specialist in equine hoof care

A

farrier

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66
Q

What care does the farrier does to horse’s hooves?

A
  • trimming and balancing of horses’ hooves
  • placing of shoes on their hooves.
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67
Q

Farrier skills that fabricating, adapting, & adjusting metal shoes

A

blacksmith’s skills

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68
Q

farrier skill that involves knowledge of the anatomy & physiology of the lower limb

A

veterinarian’s skills

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69
Q

The two base pigment colors in horses

A

Black and Red

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70
Q

pigment causing color in mammals

A

Melanin

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71
Q

2 forms of Melanin in Horses

A

eumelanin (black)
pheomelanin (orange-red)

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72
Q

T/F

NOT ALL horses can make red pigment (but can be modified or hidden)

A

FALSE

–> ALL

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73
Q

T/F

Not all horses can make black pigment (but can be modified or hidden)

A

TRUE

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74
Q

tiny, basic units of inheritance in DNA that determine color, size, etc.

A

Genes

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75
Q

allele that produce black horse (w/out modifiers)

A

EE (homozygous dominant

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76
Q

allele that produce chestnut horse (w/out modifiers)

A

ee (homozygous recessive)

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77
Q

allele that produce black horse but can produce chestnut foal (w/out modifiers)

A

Ee (heterozygous)

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78
Q

allele of a black horse

A

EE or Ee +aa

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79
Q

Allele of a chestnut horse

A

ee, w/ any combination of A genes

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80
Q

it causes eumelanin (black) to be restricted to points (mane, tail, legs)

A

A — dominant

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81
Q

does not restrict eumelanin allows it to be fully expressed all over body

A

a — recessive

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82
Q

dominant to ”a” but recessive to ”A”

A

At

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83
Q

less concentrated color, which means lighter color

A

dilution

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84
Q

alleles for the presence of cream dilution gene

A

“Cr”

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85
Q

allele for the gene for absence of ability for cream dilution

A

“cr“

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86
Q

This means if one gene is present, it will show (manifest) one way

A

INCOMPLETE DOMINANT gene

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87
Q

color that undergone incomplete dominant gene and produces a lighten the base colors to colors such as palomino effect

A

Cream

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88
Q

a golden color, with a light colored mane and tail.

A

Palomino

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89
Q

allele for absence of Dun

A

“d”

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90
Q

These colors in horses may show a dark stripe down its back and across its shoulders.

A

dun or buckskin

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91
Q

The body color ranges from a pale yellow to a dirty canvas color

A

Dun

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92
Q

allele for the gene for absence of Champagne

A

“ch“

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93
Q

are born with pink skin and blue eyes

A

Champagne Foals

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94
Q

allele for the absence of Silver

A

“z“

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95
Q

only affects red pigment in manes and tails

A

Flaxen

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96
Q

Characterized by progressive silvering of colored hairs of the coat

A

Gray

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97
Q

Variants of Gray that is white and dark hairs evenly intermixed over most of body

A

Salt and Pepper or “steel” gray

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98
Q

variant of gray that is dark-colored horse with lighter rings of graying hairs

A

Dapple gray

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99
Q

Variant of gray that is fully white-haired horse w/ red hairs flecked throughout coat

A

Flea Bitten gray

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100
Q

variant of gray that is seen in a gray horse with a reddish or pinkish tinge to its coat

A

Rose gray

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101
Q

Resting Body temperature is meaured by?

A

rectal thermometer

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102
Q

RBT of an adult horse is

A

37.5 to 38.3oC (99 -101°F)

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103
Q

RBT of a foal

A

37.2 to 38.9oC (99 - 102oF)

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104
Q

Normal adult resting HR

A

28-44 bpm

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105
Q

Foal resting HR

A

90-120 bpm

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106
Q

Newborn heart rate (<36 hours old)

A

70-150 bpm

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107
Q

what location of the body can we get the jaw pulse?

A
  • external maxillary artery crosses the lower border of the jaw
  • inside of the jawbone just below the heavy muscles of the cheek
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108
Q

what location of the body can we get the radial pulse?

A

back of the knee

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109
Q

what location of the body can we get the Digital pulse?

A

below the fetlock at the inside of the ankle

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110
Q

Adult resting Respiratory Rate

A

10-20 bpm

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111
Q

Foal resting Respiratory Rate

A

30-40 bpm

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112
Q

Newborn Respiratory Rate

A

60-80 bpm

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113
Q

Normal color of mucous membrane

A

Pink

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114
Q

is the gut sounds of a horse digesting his feed

A

Borborygmus

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115
Q

when can we say that the gut sound is abnormal?

A

Absence of sounds or fast sounds

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116
Q

What sounds that indicates a normal gut sound?

A
  • Absence of sounds or fast sounds are abnormal
  • two long rolls, followed by several small gurgles
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117
Q

Type of head that is balanaced, forehead to nose line is straight, and common for racehorses

A

Noble head , straight profile

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118
Q

Type of head that has a characteristic of Arabs

A

dished face (concave)

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119
Q

type of head that has a characteristic of cold bloods and racehorse

A

Roman Nose (convex)

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120
Q

Type of head that has small nostrils and very short muzzle

A

Pig head

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120
Q

Type of ear position that means the horse is relaxed

A

sag ears

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120
Q

Part of the head that is flexible and mobile

A

Ears

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121
Q

Part of the head that is a bony protrusion located behind the ears

A

Poll

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121
Q

Type of ear position that means the horse is paying attention

A

pointed forward of swiveled toward the back

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122
Q

Type of ear position that means the horse is fearful and angry

A

laid back

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122
Q

Part of the head that may have unique markings

A

forehead

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123
Q

shallow and hollow ears means?

A

Young and Healthy

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123
Q

sunken hollow ears means?

A

old

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124
Q

Part of the head that has a tuft of hair

A

Forelock

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125
Q

Bright eyes means?

A

Healthy

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126
Q

Dull eyes means?

A

Illness

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127
Q

Horse’s muzzle is made up of?

A
  • mouth
  • lips
  • nose
  • nostrils
  • chin
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127
Q

Part of the head that is under the muzzle, where the lower lip meet the upper jaw

A

chin groove

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128
Q

Part of the head where the jaw and windpipe intersect

A

throat latch

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129
Q

Long neck is good for?

A

show jumping

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130
Q

type of neck that is correct and most desired

A

straight neck

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131
Q

type of neck that creates an arch

A

swan neck

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131
Q

type of neck where the bottom part of the neck is convex and upper part is concave

A

Close coupled neck

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132
Q

part of the body that is the highest point at the base of the neck

A

Withers

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133
Q

part of the body that is from the withers to loin

A

Back

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134
Q

difference between short back and long back

A

short back: short distance betw. withers and the croup
- associated with athleticism and agility

long back: long distance between wither and croup
- assoc. with strength and carrying capacity

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135
Q

type of croup that slope 15 to 25 degrees to the ground

A

Normal

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136
Q

type of croup where slope is less than 15

A

Flat croup

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137
Q

type of croup where slope is 30-40

A

Sloping/Truncated

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138
Q

what is the use of the skirt in horse’s tail?

A

display

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139
Q

what happens when the chest is too bulky?

A

leads to difficulty of breathing

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140
Q

what happens when the chest is too narrow?

A

instability & difficulty in carrying weight

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141
Q

what happens when the chest is too broad?

A

impacts agility & responsiveness

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142
Q

why is the withers higher than the croup?

A

to maintain balance

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142
Q

what is the negative impact of the sloping or truncated croup?

A

limits the ability to use hindquarters for propulsion

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143
Q

used to denote a mane or tail which is white with a few black hairs giving it a silver cast.

A

silver

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144
Q

when applied to mane and/or tail, indicates a straw yellow or dirty white.

A

flax or flaxen

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145
Q

what does it mean when horse have sunken flank?

A

malnourished or dehydrated

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145
Q

white manes and tails have only white hairs.

A

true

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146
Q

what does deep girth do to horse?

A

make a horse more stable and powerful

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146
Q

these are hornlike growth in the leg

A

Chestnut

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147
Q

these are found at the back of the fetlocks.

A

ergots

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148
Q

excessive growth of the haircoat

A

Hirsutism

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149
Q

is a horse having but little hair in its tail.

A

Rat-tailed

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150
Q

indicates a predominance of yellow or white hairs.

A

Light

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151
Q

is a horse with a heavy, coarse tail.

A

Broom-tailed or Bang-tailed

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152
Q

means a darker ribbon which goes along the back from the mane to the tail. The line may be almost any color, although red and black are most common.

A

Line-back

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153
Q

implies darker patches, dull finish, or dark overcast.

A

Toasted

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154
Q

means a blue tinge to the color; it is an obscure tone.

A

Smoky

155
Q

is a grey or roan horse having bay or chestnut specks or spots on a predominantly white background.

A

Red-speckled

155
Q

line found along the back of some horses.

A

Ray

156
Q

indicates lack of uniformity in color - dull, dirty tone.

A

Ratty

157
Q

indicates uniformity, clarity, and depth of color.

A

Pure

158
Q

this part of the horse’s anatomy include the loin, back and torso

A

barrel

159
Q

what does deep girth indicate?

A

makes the horse more stable and powerful

160
Q

it bears most of the weight

A

forelimb

161
Q

(leg) source of power

A

hindlimb

161
Q

present everywhere on the body except the legs

A

sweat glands

162
Q

and oily or waxy substance which the sebaceous gland secretes

A

sebum

162
Q

(T/F)

tactile hair in the horse’s muzzle don’t shed

A

true

163
Q

it is alkaline and salty, and it produces the horse’s characteristic odor.

A

sweat

164
Q

Group with a common ancestry that breed true to produce common characteristics such as function, conformation and color.

A

breed

165
Q

term that indicated that the characteristics as the parent almost always possess the same physical

A

breeding true

165
Q

term refers to the faults in breeding

A

Deliberate breeding

166
Q

give traits of the cold blooded horse

A

Quiet, slow & deliberate, heavy-boned, heavy-bodied, immense strength, gentle & calm nature,

167
Q

give traits of the hotblooded horse

A

Built for speed & endurance, very reactive,

168
Q

give traits of the warm blooded horse

A

Athletic with power, strength & stamina, calmer than HB, little more energy & athleticism than CB

169
Q

draft/heavy breed are also called?

A

cold blooded

170
Q

light breeds are also called?

A

hot blooded

171
Q

hot blood are referred to as?

A

oriental horses

171
Q

cold blood are referred to as?

A

gentle giant

172
Q

refers to the colors on the mane, tail, and lower legs.

A

points

173
Q

refers to the white places on face (head) and legs of the horse

A

markings

173
Q

solid black all over its body with black skin

A

black coat

174
Q

coat color that always has black mane and tail

A

bay

174
Q

type of bay coat that is the most common type

A

standard bay

174
Q

type of bay that is the second darkest color which has a deep blood red body color

A

blood bay

174
Q

type of bay that has the lightest shade of bay

A

light or golden bay

175
Q

type of bay that are referred as the true bays with deep red coat and black points

A

wildtype bay

176
Q

how to distinguish a black and a brown coated horse?

A

hairs on the horse’s muzzle or flanks:
- black horse: will have black hairs
- brown horse: will have tan or brown

176
Q

type of bay that has the darkest bay color and often mistaken as red seal brown

A

dark or mahogany bay

176
Q

type of bay that has a color that tends to be more bright like a copper penny

A

copper bay

177
Q

this coat color is a modifications of the bay color pattern.

A

dun / buckskin

177
Q

this coat is basically red that may vary from light yellow to a dark liver color

A

chestnut

178
Q

what do other people call a bright copper colored horse?

A

sorrel

179
Q

what indicates that a white horse is a true white horse?

A
  • pink skin
  • white coat
  • blue or brown eyes or dark eyes
179
Q

(T/F)

Chestnut coated horse will sometimes have a black main or tail

A

FALSE

mane and tail will never be black

180
Q

horses with this coat are born dark and lightened with age

A

gray

180
Q

coat that has a mixture of black and white hairs

A

gray

180
Q

this coat happens when bay horses with one cream dilution gene → resulting in a golden coat

A

buckskin

181
Q

coat that have a dorsal stripe and primitive markings due to the dun gene → creating a more muted coat color

A

dun

182
Q

coat that is a golden color, with a light colored mane and tail.

A

palomino

183
Q

coat that can be characterized by irregular colored and white areas.

A

pinto

184
Q

type of pinto color patterns that is black and white spots

A

piebald

185
Q

type of pinto color patterns that is a spot of white and any color that is not black

A

skewbald

186
Q

type of pinto color patterns where the white spots extends downward (hindlegs) over the horse’s back

A

tobiano

187
Q

type of pinto color patterns where white spot extends from the belly and legs towards the back

A

overo

188
Q

a coat color that has mixture of white and colored hairs.

A

roan

189
Q

(T/F)

horse’s born roan, stays the same color throughout its life

A

TRUE

190
Q

type of roan coat that is a mixture of black and white hairs

A

blue roan

191
Q

type of roan coat where white hairs intermingled with bay base coat

A

red roan

192
Q

type of roan coat that is a chestnut color with white hair mixed in with the colored hairs

A

strawberry roan

193
Q

coat color that have a variety of spotting patterns.

A

appaloosa

194
Q

appaloosa pattern that is solid or spotted white area over the hips with a contrasting base color

A

banket

195
Q

appaloosa pattern that is a white coat with colored spots scattered over the body.

A

leopard

196
Q

a marking that is any white marking usually vertical, between two nostrils or on lips

A

snip

197
Q

a marking that is narrow vertical white marking extending from near line of eyes toward the nostrils

A

stripe

198
Q

a marking that is any white marking on forehead above a line running from eye to eye

A

star

199
Q

white marking on forehead (star) with a marking to nostrils and a white mark between the nostrils

A

Star, Blaze, and Snip

200
Q

a marking that can extend out to around eyes, upper lip, & around nostrils

A

bald face

200
Q

a white marking on the entire pastern area

A

pastern

200
Q

type of marking that is a white marking similar to a stripe but covers entire forehead, but not eyes and nostrils

A

blaze

201
Q

any narrow white marking around the coronet above the hoof

A

coronet

201
Q

a white marking which includes only half of the pastern area, above the coronet

A

half pastern

202
Q

a white marking extending from coronet to and including fetlock

A

ankle

203
Q

full white marking almost to the knee or hock

A

stocking

204
Q

White marking extending around the leg from the coronet halfway up the cannon bone.

A

half stocking / sock

205
Q

group of nomadic horsemen

A

scythians

205
Q

white markings on both inside and outside of heels.

A

heels

206
Q

It is a wishbone shape wooden object, lashed to the yoke by its handle with its legs lying along the horse’s shoulders

A

yolk saddle

207
Q

They are the first recorded geldings

A

Scythian Horses

208
Q

A military force mounted on horse back

A

cavalry

209
Q

what is the old norman phrase used to warn hunters that a deer has been found?

A

Ty a Hillaut

210
Q

They emerged as a supreme in the art of making carriage

A

Hungarians

211
Q

(Mythology)

He is the creator of horses

A

Poseidon

211
Q

Ty a Hillaut is now?

A

Tally Ho

212
Q

(Mythology)

A wild-winged horse

A

Pegasus

213
Q

(Mythology)

it is used by bellerophon to tame the pegasus

A

Golden bridle

214
Q

(Mythology)

Half horse and half human

A

Centaur

215
Q

(Mythology)

Wooden horse that got the greeks inside the walls of troy

A

Trojan horse

215
Q

(Mythology)

Gaul goddess of horses

A

Epona

215
Q

(Mythology)

leg of a buck, tail of a lion, head and body of a horse with a single horn in the middle of its forehead

A

Unicorn

216
Q

he is the last horse issued to the army by the quartermaster and the last to carry the US

A

Black Jack

217
Q

These are police who do patrols on a horse back

A

Mounted Police

218
Q

an armor used to protect the knights

A

Chanson

219
Q

It is an armor that is used to protect the horse’s head

A

Chanfron

220
Q

it is a light frame or ring that holds the foot of a rider, attached to the saddle by a strap

A

Stirrup

221
Q

is it carried out in an attempt to improve performance by increasing the amount of oxygen reaching the lungs

A

Nose slitting

222
Q

what is the phrase used to identify the tactic made by parthians

A

Parting shot

223
Q

they develop a tactic of galloping up to the enemy and then retreating while turning their bodies to shoot

A

Parthians

224
Q

They have come up to a tactic that are used for horse archers like them

A

Mongols

225
Q

What is the tactic that the mongols came up with?

A

Hit and run tactic

226
Q

They are exceptionally mobile that can hit swiftly with a devastating effect

A

Hussars

227
Q

He is one of the greatest horse masters and the first to advocate a reward based training

A

Xenophon

227
Q

Best known exponent of riding as an art

A

Lipazzaner

228
Q

Hussars tactic is also known as?

A

Coup d’huzzard

228
Q

what are the basic riding?

A
  • walk
  • trot canter
  • gallop
  • jumping
229
Q

it is done in a triangular arena and takes the form of many different gymnastic

A

Dressage Training

230
Q

A training wherein horses are taught to engage its hindquarters to maintain powerful forward movement

A

Impulsion

231
Q

Movement where the horse remains in place, while their legs move in a collected, elevated trot, and is done on the spot

A

Piaffe

231
Q

what are the two movement that requires a great deal of impulsion?

A
  • piaffe
  • passage
232
Q

movement where the horse moves forward in a very collected, elevated trot.

A

Passage

233
Q

Advance canter movement where the horse swops its leading leg without breaking the beat

A

Flying change

234
Q

Advance canter movement that is a more advance version, horse is asked to change the canter lead every other stride

A

tempi changes

235
Q

Dam of Pegasus

A

Medusa

235
Q

Sire of pegasus

A

Poseidon

236
Q

A shape shifter water dwelling spirit that can adopt a human form but always retain its hooves

A

Kelpie of scottish folklore

237
Q

it is the distance a team of horses would work before being changed for a fresh set of team

A

Stage

238
Q

enclosed vehicles that served as the first transportation in the cities

A

Omnibuses

239
Q

Used for transporting both freights and passengers

A

Canals

240
Q

A reliable courier system that enable Genghis Khan to govern his huge empire

A

Yam

241
Q

a system that delivered mail on horseback between Missouri and California

A

Pony express

242
Q

Why did the pony express shut down?

A

not profitable

243
Q

classification of muscles that makes the heart and digestive tract operate

A

Involuntary

244
Q

Classification of muscle that makes the leg moves

A

Voluntary

245
Q

This muscles contracts to flex or bend, or move the leg back

A

Flexor m.

246
Q

This muscles contracts to extend or straighten, or move the leg front

A

Extensor m.

246
Q

Fibers that produces burst of energy and gives horse is speed. Maintained for a short period of time

A

Fast-twitch fibers

247
Q

Fibers that works for a longer period of time without tiring, = more endurance

A

Slow-twitch fibers

248
Q

it allows the horse to be asleep while standing

A

Stay Apparatus

249
Q

it supports fetlock when the leg is moving

A

suspensory apparatus

250
Q

Origin of Clydesdale

A

Clyde Valley, Scotland

251
Q

what is close movement?

A

forelegs placed under the shoulders and the hindlegs close together, which makes cow (close together) hocks acceptable

251
Q

breeder’s aim in clydesdale

A

“close” movement

252
Q

Origin of Shire

A

England

252
Q

Breed that is renowned for its high stepping action

A

Clydesdale

253
Q

breed known for style and elegance with freedom of movement

A

Clydesdale

254
Q

breed that is also known as gentle giants and has a straight action and a kind disposition

A

Shire

255
Q

breed that is also known as supreme draft horse

A

shire

256
Q

Foundation stallion of the shire?

A

Packington Blind horse

256
Q

what are the different shades of chestnut in Suffolk punch?

A
  • Dark Liver
  • Light Mealy
  • Red
  • Golden
  • Lemon
  • Bright
  • Dull Dark
257
Q

origin of Suffolk punch

A

England

258
Q

breed that has an appearance of a short, fat fellow

A

Suffolk punch

258
Q

breed that is known to be good stock for coach or road

A

Suffolk punch

259
Q

who is the owner of the chestnut colored suffolk punch?

A

Thomas Crisp of Ufford

260
Q

why are suffolk punch well suited on heavy clay soil?

A

they lack feather on their legs therefor they pick up less soil

261
Q

In suffolk punch, how is the horse’s strength tested?

A

hitching it to a fallen tree even if the horse did not manage to move the tree, it was considered to have passed the test as long as it got right down on its knees in what is considered the typical Suffolk “drawing” action

262
Q

Origin of Italian Heavy Draft

A

Italy

263
Q

Breed that is known to be italians favorite

A

Italian Heavy draft

263
Q

What breed is crossed with Italian Heavy draft to produce a powerful offspring but too heavy and slow

A

Brabant

264
Q

what offspring is produce in a Italian Heavy draft crossed with Brabant?

A

powerful offspring but too heavy and slow

265
Q

What breed is crossed with Italian Heavy draft to produce a lighter, quick moving postier-type offspring

A

Breton

265
Q

what offspring is produce in a Italian Heavy draft crossed with Breton?

A

lighter, quick moving postier-type offspring

266
Q

What breed is crossed with Italian Heavy draft to produce a compact and relatively fast moving, powerful with kind, docile temperaments?

A

Italian mares

267
Q

A term that means a quick heavy draft in IHD

A

tiro pesante rapido

267
Q

what offspring is produce in a Italian Heavy draft crossed with Italian Mares?

A

compact and relatively fast moving, powerful with kind, docile temperaments

268
Q

what symbol does Italian Heavy Draft have for them to be identified

A

Symbol of Verona

269
Q

Origin of Percheron

A

Normandy, France

269
Q

breed that is known to be most elegant of the heavy horse breeds

A

Percheron

270
Q

what breed is crossed with Percheron to produce a tough range horses?

A

Percherons X Criollos

271
Q

Percheron served as:

A

Warhorse
coach horse
farm horse
gun horse
riding horse

272
Q

Breed that is known to have a cream with pink skin and amber-colored eyes

A

American Cream Draft

273
Q

what is crossed with the poitevin mares to produce a Poitevin Mule

A

Baudet de poitou

273
Q

Origin of Poitevin

A

Poitou, France

274
Q

what are the breeding faults in Poitevin

A
  • tendency to a long body
  • heavy coarse head with thick ears that have limited mobility
274
Q

Origin of Dutch Draft

A

Netherlands

275
Q

Breed that is known to be one of the Netherlands’ principal working horse breeds

A

dutch draft

276
Q

breed that is competitive trotting in Scandinavia

A

North swedish horse

276
Q

breed that is Bred for working on mixed farms

A

dutch draft

277
Q

origin of North swedish horse

A

Northern Sweden

277
Q

breed that is a compact breed with a remarkable capacity to pull heavy loads and withstand harsh climates.

A

North swedish horse

278
Q

it is the world’s only coldblood harness racer

A

Scandinavian Coldblood Trotter

279
Q

what breed is crossed with North swedish horse that lead to a development of lighter horse that is more suitable for harness racing

A

Døle Gudbrandsdal

280
Q

Origin of Vladimir

A

Northeast Russia

281
Q

what are the 3 foundation stallion of Vladimir

A

Lord James
Border Brand
Glen Albin

282
Q

Origin of Russian Heavy Draft

A

Ukraine

283
Q

Before Russian Heavy Draft are called?

A

Russian Ardennes

284
Q

Breed where their milk are used to make Koumiss

A

Russian Heavy Draft

284
Q

Breed that is built like a heavy cob with strong frame and lively movement

A

Russian Heavy Draft

285
Q

(T/F)

Russian Heavy Draft stallions are used as stud when they are over 10 years old?

A

FALSE

20 YRS OLD

286
Q

It is a fermented, mildly alcoholic drink made from mare’s milk that has medicinal qualities

A

Koumiss

287
Q

Origin of Caspian

A

Iran

288
Q

how many chromosomes does caspian have?

A

65

289
Q

Breed that are attractive little pony that looks like a horse in miniature

A

Caspian

290
Q

pony breed that is known to be Traditionally used for a variety of tasks on moorland farms and has tremendous staying power

A

Connemara

290
Q

These pony is known to be natural jumpers

A

Caspian

290
Q

Pony breed that is known to be a diminutive pony that is tough and agile

A

Timor

290
Q

Origin of Australian Pony

A

Australia

290
Q

Pony breed that has an odd formation of bones in the head which makes the skull look vaulted

A

Caspian

290
Q

Pony breed that is the smallest of the Indonesian ponies

A

Timor

290
Q

Origin of Timor

A

Timor, Indonesia

290
Q

pony breed that is known have an Exceptional smooth action, long strides and small size

A

Australian Pony

291
Q

Origin of Connemara

A

Connemara, western Ireland

291
Q

Ancestor of Connemara?

A

Irish Hobby

292
Q

origin of Shetland

A

Shetland Islands

293
Q

pony breed that is known to have general air of vitality, stamina, and robustness

A

Shetland

294
Q

shetland stud that has necessary bone and substance for pit works

A

Heavy type stud

295
Q

Shetland stud that is popular in harness and as a children’s mount

A

Lighter type stud

295
Q

Origin of Highland

A

Scottish Highlands and Islands, UK

296
Q

pony breed that is known to be Sure-footed and strong enough to carry heavy red deer carcasses when herds are culled

A

Highland

297
Q

pony breed that is popular for pony trekking

A

Highland

298
Q

Who is the first registered highland pony?

A

Herd Laddie

298
Q

Origin of Fell

A

Northern England, UK

299
Q

pony breed that is Used as pack pony as they are lighter than dale and is a tremendous trotter

A

Fell

299
Q

pony breed that is known to be hard as an iron

A

Fell

299
Q

What breed has an early influence on the fell?

A

Freisian

300
Q

What breed has an Greatest influence on the fell?

A

Scottish Galloway

301
Q

origin of dales

A

Northern England

302
Q

pony breed that is known to have a Combining courage and stamina with a calm temperament

A

Dales

303
Q

pony breed that is a Larger, heavier-built neighbor of the Fell

A

Dales

303
Q

pony breed that is Used in lead and coal mines

A

Dales

304
Q

Origin of New Forest Pony

A

New Forest, England

305
Q

pony breed that retains the character and movement inherited from its natural environment

A

New Forest Pony

305
Q

it is an an area of pasture land and forest, and an accessible tract of land

A

New Forest

306
Q

what action is the Forester’s best pace?

A

Canter

307
Q

pony breeds known to be “Most beautiful of the British native ponies”

A

Welsh Mountain Pony

307
Q

Origin of Welsh Mountain Pony

A

Wales, UK

307
Q

pony breed that is the smallest of the four Welsh breeds and the Foundation for the three larger types.

A

Welsh Mountain Pony

308
Q

“founding father” of the modern Welsh Mountain Pony

A

Dyoll Starlight

309
Q

pony breed that Appears to be too close to the Thoroughbred-type Riding Pony and is Ridden by shepherds and hunters

A

Welsh Pony

309
Q

Origin of Welsh Pony

A

Wales, UK

310
Q

origin of hackney pony

A

Cumbria, UK

311
Q

who is the most important foundation sire of Welsh Pony

A

Tanybwlch Berwyn -> sahara

312
Q

pony breed that is a Real pony with pony character

A

hackney pony

312
Q

pony breed that is a purpose-bred harness pony and small in stature

A

hackney pony

313
Q

Origin of Pottok

A

Basque country of France and Spain

314
Q

Pony breed that is tough, but not unattractive and is Closest genetically to the Basque Mountain Horse

A

Pottok

315
Q

pony breed that is Used in the creation of the Poney Français de Selle

A

Pottok

316
Q

what are the two types of pottok pony?

A
  • Plains
  • Mountain
317
Q

type of pottok pony that Roam free in the mountains for nine months of the year and mostly piebald.

A

Mountains

318
Q

type of pottok pony that is a selections of the mountain ones, They are born and raised in better conditions

A

Plains

319
Q

Origin of Icelandic

A

Iceland

320
Q

pony breed known for their tolt

A

Icelandic

320
Q

what is a tolt?

A
  • four-beat walk at a fast or slow speed & pace
  • “running walk”
  • Used to swiftly cross broken ground
321
Q

pony breed that is known to be One of the world’s oldest and purest breeds

A

Fjord

321
Q

origin of Fjord

A

Norway

322
Q

type of Fjord pony that were larger with a more profuse mane, tail, and feathering

A

Fjordane and Sunnmøre

323
Q

Name of the stallion that saved the Fjord breed when it was almost died out

A

Njal

324
Q

Origin of Pony of the America

A

lowa, US

325
Q

pony breed known to be an All-American pony

A

Pony of the America

325
Q

foundation stallion of the Pony of the America

A

Black Hand

326
Q

what are the two common coat patterns

A

Blanket
Leopard

326
Q

pony breed that Focus is on substance, refinement, and a stylish, straight, balanced action

A

Pony of the America

327
Q

origin of American Shetland

A

US

328
Q

pony breed that is One of the best-loved ponies in the US for well over a century

A

American Shetland

328
Q

what are the Four distinct types of American Shetland?

A
  • Foundation
  • Classic
  • Modern
  • Modern Pleasure
329
Q

What are the Two Shetland-based breeds:

A
  • Pony of the Americas
  • American Shetland.
330
Q

Origin of Falabella

A

Argentina

330
Q

pony breed that is a tiny horse and best-known miniature

A

Falabella

331
Q

what breeds are crossed to produce a Falabella?

A

smallest Shetland ponies X very small Thoroughbred stallion

331
Q

what is the rarest horse in horse world?

A

Falabella

331
Q

what are the inbreeding results in Falabella

A

Lack of vigor
conformational weaknesses (legs)

331
Q

pony breed that Resembles the Hackney in outline, conformation, character, and action.

A

American Shetland

EQUINE (2 decks)

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