Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

POLY SCI > Midterm > Flashcards

Midterm Flashcards

1
Q

Tradeoffs Perspective

A

Acknowledges that competing interests, whether elitist or pluralist, vie for government influence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

government

A

describes the means by which society organizes itself and how it allocates authority in order to accomplish collective goals and provide benefits that the society as a whole needs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

politics

A

the process of gaining and exercising control within a government for the purpose of setting and achieving particular goals- particularly the division of resources

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

democracy

A

political system in which people govern themselves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

private goods

A

goods provided by private businesses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

public goods

A

goods provided by the government free of charge

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

toll good

A

a good available to people who pay

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

common goods

A

free of charge but of limited supply

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

representative democracy

A

citizens elect representatives to make decisions on behalf of citizens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

direct democracy

A

citizens directly participate in government

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

elite theory

A

elite citizens are really in charge of the government

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

pluralist theory

A

power rests with competing interests

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

civic engagement

A

voting, demonstrating, speaking out or other means- essential to a thriving and effective republic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

social capital

A

the collective value of all social networks and the willingness of these networks to work together

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Articles of the Confederation

A
  • Strong governing states, weak central government
  • The states agreed to cooperate at the national level in limited areas, such as defense
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Why did the Articles of the Confederation fail?

A
  • No executive
  • Weak central government teehee
  • Needed 9 of the 13 states to pass any law (a supermajority)
  • Central government could not collect taxes (lots of debt from war, and unable to raise revenue)
  • Could not amend document
  • National government could not raise a standing army or na
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

The Great Compromise

A
  • Bicameral legislation
  • Representation in the House of Representatives are based on population
  • Representation in the Senate consists of equal representates from each state
  • Members of House are elected to two-year terms and are voted on by the people
  • Members of the Senate are elected by state legislatures for six-year terms
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Checks and Balances

A
  • Presidents appoints judicial judges- Senate has to approve them
  • President can grant pardons to someone unjustly punished by judicial/legislative branch
  • President can veto legislation passed by Congress
  • Congress can declare war (check on the president)
  • Senate has to ratify treaties signed by the President
  • Congress can impeach the president and decide to vote them out of office
  • Court resides over impeachment trials
  • Supreme Court can declare laws and actions by the president as unconstitutional
  • Supreme Court is the nation’s final court of appeal
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Judicial Review

A
  • A power that flows naturally from the role of the courts
  • “Is this law or action constitutional?”
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Supremacy Clause

A
  • In areas in which the state and federal government both have the power to act, this clause states that the federal law supercedes any state law
  • Federal laws prevail over conflicting state laws, so every state law must be in guidance of the federal law
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

How does the government propose amendments?

A
  • Congress may propose an amendment, which must pass with ⅔ approval in both House/Senate
  • The states can call for a national convention, which must be held after approval of ⅔ states
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Seventeeth Amendment

A

provides for the direct election of U.S. senators by voters

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Nineteenth Amendment

A

provides women the right to vote

24
Q

Twenty-Fourth Amendment

A

abolished poll taxes, a tax on voting used by many Southern states to disenfranchise African-American voters

25
Q

Twenty-Sixth Amendment

A

lowered the voting age from 21 to 18 years

26
Q

Federalism

A

A form of government in which different levels of government act relatively autonomously and have the power to act directly on people within their jurisdictions

27
Q

Unitary Federalism

A

Authority is concentrated in central government

28
Q

Federation Federalism

A

Authority is derived from the people and is divided between central and state governments

29
Q

Confederation Federalism

A

authority concentrated in states

30
Q

Dual Federalism

A

Programs and authority are clearly divided among the national, state, and local governments

31
Q

Cooperative Federalism

A

Programs and authority are mixed among the national, state, and local governments (taxes, medicaid)

32
Q

Necessary and Proper Clause

A

grants Congress extensive authority to act in the furtherance of enumerated powers

33
Q

What Amendment enshrines reserved powers of the states?

A

10th Amendment

34
Q

Examples of concurrent powers

A

Levy and collect taxes
Borrow money
Make and enforce laws
Establish courts
Charter banks and corporations
Take property for public purpose with just compensation (eminent domain)

35
Q

civil liberties

A

limitations of government power that are designed to protect freedoms

36
Q

civil rights

A

constitutional guarantees that the government will treat people equally, regardless of whether they belong to a protected class, such as race, gender, ethnic origin, and religion

37
Q

equal protection clause

A

constitutionally protects equal protection- all persons shall be treated alike

38
Q

discrimination

A

the unjust or prejudicial treatment of different categories of people (on basis of race, sex, gender)

39
Q

discriminatory effect

A

results in different treatment for similar individuals

40
Q

discriminatory purpose

A

enacted with intent to discriminate

41
Q

Voting Rights Act of 1965

A

signed by Lyndon B. Johnson, aimed to eliminate racial discrimination in voting- prohibited literacy tests and other discriminatory practices

42
Q

Random sample

A

limited number of people selected in such a way that they have an equal chance of being chosen

43
Q

public opinion

A

a collection of popular views about something, perhaps a person, a local or national event, or a new ideas

44
Q

representative sample

A

group whose demographic distribution is similar to that of the overall population

45
Q

margin of area

A

A number that states how far the poll results may be from the actual opinion of the total population of citizens

46
Q

media

A

defines a number of different communication formats from television to print- to the public is mass media

47
Q

political socialization

A

the process of learning the norms and practices of a political system through others and societal institutions

48
Q

Agents of political socialization

A

persons or entities who teach and influence others about politics through use of information

49
Q

political ideology

A

attitudes and beliefs that help shape our opinions on political theory and policy form our political ideology

50
Q

framing

A

the creation of a narrative or context for a story

51
Q

episodic framing

A

occurs when a story focuses on isolated details or specifics, rather than looking at the whole issue

52
Q

thematic framing

A

takes a broad look at an issue and skip the numbers or details

53
Q

racial framing

A

occurs when a person or group is represented in a negative or assumptive light

54
Q

priming

A

when media coverage predisposes the viewer or reader to a particular perspective on a subject or issue

55
Q

why is media consolidation a problem?

A

larger companies can control what is reported

POLY SCI (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions