midterm Flashcards
What did John Bowlby believe about the attachment process?
believed that the bonding process of attachment begins at birth and is well under way by 6 months. Infants typically attach themselves to their primary caregiver during this time.
What happens to a young child separated from an attachment figure between 6 to 18 months?
The child will be upset and engage in frequent crying. Fear of strangers is also a common behavior during this period.
What is Phase 1 of Bowlby’s attachment theory?
Pre-attachment
what is the pre-attachment phase
lasting from birth to approximately 12 weeks. Children make little distinction among people, are content when others are around, and follow them with their eyes.
What is Phase 2 of Bowlby’s attachment theory?
Attachment-in-the-making
what is the attachment-in-the-making phase
occurring between 12 weeks to 6 months. Infants become more responsive to primary caregivers but do not show concern when strangers are introduced.
what is the clear-cut attachment phase
beginning around 6 months and continuing to about 2 years. Children start to discriminate between their primary caregiver and others.
What is the key change in Phase 2 (Attachment-in-the-making)?
Infants become more enthusiastic in their response to primary caregivers and begin to clearly prefer the person providing their basic needs.
What is Phase 3 of Bowlby’s attachment theory?
clear-cut attachment
How do children behave during Phase 3 (Clear-cut attachment)?
Children use their primary caregiver as a secure base to explore the world, and the bonds with the caregiver are strong. Separation from the attachment figure is difficult, and strangers cause more anxiety.
What is Phase 4 of Bowlby’s attachment theory?
goal-corrected partnership
what is the goal corrected partnership phase
beginning at around 2 years old. Children develop more complex relationships with caregivers and begin to recognize their goals and plans.
What is the “absorbent mind” according to Montessori?
The absorbent mind refers to children’s ability to unconsciously absorb information from the environment like a sponge, particularly during their first 3 years of life.
How do relationships change in Phase 4 (Goal-corrected partnership)?
The attachment bond matures, shifting from a one-sided relationship to one where both the child and the caregiver benefit from increased reciprocal interactions.
Why did Montessori believe children learn differently from adults in the first 3 years?
Montessori believed that because children’s minds are not fully formed during their first 3 years, they must learn in different ways, primarily through absorbing information unconsciously.
