Midterm

Question 1

is a way of collecting, organising and understanding data. It helps us make sense of the world around us by using numbers and graphs, in order to study information and draw conclusions.

Answer 1

Statistics

Question 2

is a branch of Mathematics that deals with the collection, organization, presentation, analysis, and interpretation of data.

Answer 2

Statistics

Question 3

is complete collection of all elements to be studied.

Answer 3

Population

Question 4

is a subset of a population that will serve as a representative of the whole population.

Answer 4

Sample

Question 5

can be separated into different categories that are distinguished by some non-numeric characteristics.

Answer 5

Qualitative data

Question 6

consist of numbers representing counts or measurements.

Answer 6

Quantitative data

Question 7

result from either a finite number of possible values or countable number of possible values as 0, or 1, or 2, and so on. (e.g., number of siblings)

Answer 7

Discrete data

Question 8

result from infinitely many possible values that can be associated with points on a continuous scale in such a way that there are no gaps or interruptions. (e.g., weight and height)

Answer 8

Continuous data

Question 9

Characterized by data that consist of names, labels, or categories only.

Answer 9

NOMINAL

Question 10

Involves data that may be arranged in some order, but differences between data values either cannot be determined or are meaningless. It is in ordinal level if the data can be ranked in some low-to-high manner.

Answer 10

ORDINAL

Question 11

Involves meaningful amounts of differences between data. It has no true zero point or absolute zero.

Answer 11

INTERVAL

Question 12

Contains all the properties of the interval level but has true zero point or absolute zero.

Answer 12

RATIO

Question 13

when values of mean, median, mode are not equal the distribution is known as?

Answer 13

asymmetrical or skewed distribution

Question 14

• describe the spread or variability of a data set
• give insights into how data points differ from the mean.

Answer 14

MEASURES OF DISPERSION

Question 15

A measurement of how far each number in a data set is from the mean (average), and thus from every other number in the set.

Answer 15

Variance

Question 16

is a grid with rows and columns for organising data/information.

Answer 16

Table

Question 17

age groups can be presented using picture graphs or pie.

Answer 17

Categorical data

Question 18

is like a collection of dots on a graph.

Answer 18

Scatterplot chart

Question 19

help us see if there’s a connection between two things by looking at how the dots are spread out.

Answer 19

Scatterplot chart

Question 20

is like stacking colourful blocks on top of each other.

Answer 20

Stacked Area Chart

Question 21

is similar to a pie chart, but it has a hole in the middle

Answer 21

Donut chart

Question 22

• is a special chart that uses pictures or symbols to show information.
• Instead of numbers or words, it uses little drawings to represent things.
• make it easy to understand information with pictures

Answer 22

Pictogram

Question 23

• is like a circle that tells us how far we’ve come or how much we’ve completed.
• It’s a visual way to show progress.

Answer 23

Progress ring

Question 24

The distribution curve is bell-shaped

Answer 24

Normal Distribution

Question 25

The curve is symmetrical about its center

Answer 25

Normal Distribution

Question 26

The mean, median, and mode coincide at the center

Answer 26

Normal Distribution

Question 27

The tails of the curve flatten out indefinitely along the horizontal axis but never touch it (the curve is asymptotic to the base line)

Answer 27

Normal Distribution

Question 28

The variable that is manipulated or controlled to observe its effect on the dependent variable.



Answer 28

Independent Variable

Question 29

The variable being tested and measured in an experiment.

Answer 29

Dependent Variable

Question 30

for comparing means between two groups.

Answer 30

T-test

Question 31

for categorical data.

Answer 31

Chi-square test

Question 32

for analyzing relationships between two continuous variables.

Answer 32

Correlation

Question 33

for predicting the value of one variable based on another.

Answer 33

Regression

Question 34

A value between -1 and 1 that indicates the strength and direction of the relationship between two variables.

Answer 34

Correlation Coefficient (r)

Question 35

variables move in the same direction.

Answer 35

Positive correlation (r > 0)

Question 36

variables move in opposite directions.

Answer 36

Negative correlation (r < 0)

Question 37

no relationship between variables.

Answer 37

No correlation (r = 0)

Question 38

Measures the strength and direction of the relationship between two continuous variables (e.g., height and weight)

Answer 38

Correlation

Question 39

Predicts the value of one variable based on the value of another (e.g., predicting sales based on temperature).

Answer 39

Regression