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ACE 2 ENGINEERING UTILITIES > MIDTERM > Flashcards

MIDTERM Flashcards

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1
Q

4 Types of Sewage Disposal System

A
  1. The Cesspool
  2. The Privy
  3. The Septic Tank
  4. The Public Sewer Line
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2
Q

is a hole in the ground curbed with stones, bricks, concrete hollow blocks, or other materials laid in such a manner as to allow raw contaminated sewage to leach into the soil.

A

The Cesspool

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3
Q

is a concrete sealed vault with a wooden shelter constructed for the collection of raw sewage.

A

Privy

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4
Q

The disintegration of excrement is accomplished in the same manner as in a cesspool.

A

Privy

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5
Q

It is objectionable because of the danger of contaminating the source of water supply

A

Privy

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6
Q

Is a device or receptacle used to expedite the decomposition of the elements contained in a raw sewage waste.

A

Septic Tank

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7
Q

The organic wastes accumulate and finally disposed of by disintegration process

A

Cesspool

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8
Q

Raw sewage consists of water, and settleable solid called organic materials that can be precipitated in a septic tank in a very short time.

A

Septic Tank

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9
Q

is a public sewage system, operated and maintained by the government consisting of a sewage treatment plant that conveys the raw seawge from buildings and houses to a disposal system

A

Public Sewer Line

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10
Q

Types of sewage disposal that are already obsolete

A

Cesspool and Privy

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11
Q

Three types of Public Sewer Line

A
  1. The Combination Public Sewer
  2. The Sanitary Sewer
  3. The Storm Drain
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12
Q

is the oldest type of public sewer that conveys both storm water and sanitary wastes.

A

The Combination Public Sewer

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13
Q

Type of Public Sewer Line that is already obsolete and no longer allowed by sanitary authorities

A

Combination Public Sewer

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14
Q

Is a public sewer facility that carries regular sanitary wastes only

A

Sanitary Sewer

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15
Q

It terminates in a modern sewage dispersal plant

A

Sanitary Sewer

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16
Q

Rainwater is not permitted to enter into this type of public sewer

A

Sanitary Sewer

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17
Q

Two types of Sanitary Sewer

A
  1. The Intercepting or Trunk Line Sewer
  2. The Tributary or Contributing Sewer
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18
Q

is a sanitary sewer that conveys sanitary waste to a dispersal plant

A

Intercepting Sewer

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19
Q

Commonly made of concrete pipe that varies in sizes from 0.60 to 3 meters in diameter and pipes are laid underground to a minimum depth of about 3 meters, depending upon the natural contour of the ground

A

Intercepting Sewer

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20
Q

Is classified as an intercepting sewer branch where pipe is made of either vitrified clay concrete pipe laid in an open trench.

A

Tributary Sewer

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21
Q

Generally smaller in diameter installed not more than 3 meters below the street grade and terminate into the intercepting sewer

A

Tributary Sewer

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22
Q

Is another kind of public sewer line that carries storm water. It terminates in a natural drain such as canals, lakes or rivers

A

Storm Drain

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23
Q

Is classified as a device of the main and storm sewer.

A

Manhole

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24
Q

It serves as man’s access for inspection, cleaning, and repair.

A

Manhole

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25
Q

It is constructed out of bricks, stone, adobe or concrete at an interval distance from 75 to 150 meters, where diameter varies from 90 to 120 centimeters provided with iron rungs to serve as ladder for the maintenance crew to reach the bottom

A

Manhole

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26
Q

It is provided with a well-fitted cover on top, leveled with the road surface

A

Manhole

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27
Q

Refers to the pump that will discharge waste in the sump and transfer it to the house drain installed overhead

A

Sewage Ejector

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28
Q

Is necessary when the public sewer line was installed at a depth from 2 to 4 meters below the street level

A

Sewage Ejector

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29
Q

Is a receptacle or vault used to collect organic waste discharged from the house sewer.

A

Septic Tank

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30
Q

The main function of this is to liquefy and precipitate solid waste purifying odorous materials

A

Septic Tank

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31
Q

During the retention period, about ___ to ____ of the suspended solid of sewage was removed largely by sedimentation to form a semi-liquid substance called _____

A

60% to 70%
sludge

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32
Q

It accumulates at the bottom of the septic tank

A

Sludge

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33
Q

Both scum and sludge are processed by _________ and transforming them into liquid gases.

A

Anaerobic Bacteria

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34
Q

The solid matter is reduced in sizes and consequently changed in character

A

Digestion

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35
Q

Combination of two processes in septic tank

A

Sedimentation and Anaerobic Decomposition

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36
Q

Process that is located at the upper portion of septic tank

A

Sedimentation

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37
Q

The process of the accumulated sludge at the bottom.

A

Anaerobic Decomposition

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38
Q

Decomposition of organic matter from human waste is a bacteriological process caused by

A
  1. Aerobic bacteria called aerobes
  2. Anaerobic bacteria called anaerobes
  3. Facultative bacteria
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39
Q

The life process of aerobic bacteria is in the _______

A

presence of material oxygen

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40
Q

The anerobic bacteria functions in the

A

absence of free oxygen

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41
Q

Facultative bacteria function even with or without

A

free oxygen

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42
Q

Aerobes, Anaerobes, and Facultative bacteria function when conditions are favorable in terms of

A
  1. Food Supply
  2. Temperature
  3. Moisture
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43
Q

The process of decomposition is regarded as

A

stabilization

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44
Q

Decomposition caused by anaerobic bacteria which is sometimes referred to as _____, is accompanied by bad odors

A

Putrefaction

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45
Q

A sewage that turns dark and smell unpleasantly due to anaerobic decomposition is called

A

Septic

46
Q

Gases that are produced inside the septic tank and discharged into the atmosphere through the ventilation pipe

A
  1. Methane gas (CH4)
  2. Carbon Dioxide (CO2)
  3. Carbon Monoxide (CO)
  4. Hydrogen (H2)
  5. Hydrogen Sulfide (H2S)
  6. Sulfu Dioxide (HO2)
47
Q

Is a combination of hydrogen and carbon, a principal component of natural gas

A

Methane Gas (CH4)

48
Q

is a combination of carbon and oxygen, simpliest oxide of carbon

A

Carbon Dioxide (CO2)

49
Q

Is a by-product of methane, classified as poisonous gas

A

Carbon Monoxide (CO)

50
Q

evolves as a moist gas from organic waste

A

Hydrogen (H2)

51
Q

Is a colorless gas with offensive odor

A

Hydrogen Sulfide (H2S)

52
Q

is a colorless gas hcing an irritating odor

A

Sulfur Dioxide (HO2)

53
Q

4 materials used in the consctruction of Septic Tank

A
  1. Reinforced Concrete
  2. Plastered concrete hollow blocks
  3. Prefabricated asbestos
  4. Thin metal and plastic
54
Q

Most popular and widely used material for construction of septic tank

A

Plastered concrete hollow blocks or reinforced concrete

55
Q

Size of septic tank for a family of 6 persons

A

1.3 cubic meters
90cm wide
150cm long
120cm depth

56
Q

Location of the septic tank

A

-minimum distance of 2m from outside wall
-not closer to doors and windows
-15m away from any source of water supply

57
Q

Safety precaution in repairing septic tank

A
  • be sure that the septic tank is wel ventilated by removing the manhole cover few days in advance or supply fresh air inside the tank to avoid inhaling chemicals

-use emergency light with properly insulated cord or flashlight powered by dry cell battery to avoid explosion

58
Q

Several methods and processes wherein sewages may be treated

A

-activated sludge process
-trickling or sprinkling filter process

59
Q

What is the most failures encountered in plumbing installation

A

non-observance of natural laws (gravity and atmospheric pressure), and the grave abuse of its function.

60
Q

Smaller in size than the soil pipe because it only receives grease, lint, matches, hair, garbage, and many other objectionable substances.

A

Waste pipe

61
Q

The drainage installation of a plumbing system comprises three major component parts

A

(DWV)
Drainage
Waste
Vent

62
Q

Refers to an installation that receives and coveys discharges from water closet with or without waste coming from other fixtures

A

Drainage pipe

63
Q

Is any pipe in a drainage installation that receives the discharges of any fixture except water closet

A

Waste pipe

64
Q

Pipe that conveys the same to the soil branch, soil pipe, or house drain

A

Waste pipe

65
Q

Refers to slop sink, lavatory, urinals, bathtub, and the like except water closet

A

Fixture

66
Q

Function as air passage or conduit to ventilate the drainage and waste pipe installation

A

Vent pipe

67
Q

Solid human waste is discharged by water closet only to either…..

A

Soild branch
Soil pipe
Soil stack or house drain

68
Q

Any pipe that receives and conveys human waste is affixed by the word that connotes a pipe receiving discharges from water closet.

A

Soil

69
Q

Refers to a horizontal pipe affixed by the word soil.

A

Soil branch

70
Q

If the soil branch does not receive discharges from water closet but from other fixtures only, it would be classifies as

A

Waste pipe

71
Q

Is a vertical pipe installation where the soil branches terminate.

A

Soil Stack

72
Q

Stack means

A

Installed vertically

73
Q

Word soil is affixed because it receives human waste from the soil branch, otherwise it will be classified as

A

Waste stack

74
Q

7 general conditions for a good waste pipe installation (BBRRUCP)

A
  1. By making the right choice of materials
  2. By conservative use of fittings
  3. Right location of the cleanouts
  4. Right slope or grade of the pipelines
  5. Using the right size of pipe
  6. Correct manner of joining the pipes
  7. Providing stable and rigid support
75
Q

Right choice of materials?

A

The character of the waste to be drained and the service to which it is intended for dictates the kind of materials to be used

76
Q

Refers to the right choice of the right kind of fittings for a particular change of directions, turns or offsets.

A

Conservative Use of Fittings

77
Q

Were specially designed to make smooth changes of directions, turns or offsets.

A

Pipe joints and fittings

78
Q

Pipe installation that fail or break too soon, may have been due to any of the following causes

A
  1. The use of too many fittints
  2. The use of wrong type of fittings
79
Q

It is designed for vertical run with lateral branches only

A

T fitting

80
Q

T fitting use on horizontal installation will create a tilted or crooked joint connection called

A

Premature waste line defects

81
Q

What is the ideal position of horizontal waste pipe

A

Installed at 2% slope, inclined ratio of 2cm per m length

3m pipe inclination is 3x2=6cm

82
Q

Occurs when the grade or slope of the pipe is increased from 2% to 4%

A

Trap Seal Loss

83
Q

National Bureau of Standards showed that _____ and ____ are safe in certain type of installation

A

Wet venting and stack venting

84
Q

Means the loss or espace of standing water inside the P-Trap

A

Trap Seal Loss or Water Seal Escape

85
Q

Usually caused by siphonage induced by rapid flow of waste inside the pipe

A

Trap Seal Loss or Water Seal Escape

86
Q

“The waste pipe diameter shall be adequate enough to serve the installation of fixtures in a general way, but the best way is to fit the diameters of commercial pipe into the fixture pattern in the most efficient manner.” said by

A

The National Plumbing Code

87
Q

Means to flush or wash out, to remove dirt or grease by flowing through

A

Scouring

88
Q

The National Plumbing Code strongly indorsed the use of _____ as waste load in determining the size of the waste pipe

A

Fixture Unit Value

89
Q

Water discharge is called _____ representing one cubic foot or 30 liters of waste discharged by the fixture in one minute interval

A

One Fixture Unit

90
Q

Waste pipe is classified into two types depending upon the kind of fixtures it will serve

A

Direct Waste and Indirect waste

91
Q

Is one with terminal directly connected to the plumbing system

A

Direct Waste

92
Q

Different types of Fixture Served by Direct Waste

A
  1. Urinals
  2. Bathtub
  3. Lavatories
  4. Sink
  5. Showers
  6. Drinking fountain
  7. Laundry
  8. Laboratory
  9. Hospital Fixture
93
Q

Refers to a connection with terminal not directly connected to the plumbing system

A

Indirect Waste

94
Q

Fixtures served by indirect waste are

A
  1. Soda Fountain
  2. Bar waste
  3. Refrigeration
  4. Drinking Fountain
95
Q

Recommended size of waste pipe for sink waste

A

minimum of 38mm or 1 1/2’’ but practice to use 50mm or 2’’ pipe

96
Q

Recommended size of waste pipe for slop sink

A

traps on floors shall be 75 or 100mm and 50mm for traps on walls

97
Q

Standard Plumbing Code Committee issued limitations on the diameter of waste pipe generally _____ is required for all urinals

A

50mm

98
Q

Is any pipe that receives and conveys discharges of water closet, with or without the discharge coming from other fixtures to the house drain or house sewer

A

Soil Pipe

99
Q

Is affixed to pipe installation that carries human wate coming from water closet

A

Soil

100
Q

Soil pipe installed vertically

A

Soil Stack

101
Q

Soil pipe installed horizontally

A

Soil Branch

102
Q

Any structure with a house drain installed, must have at least one soil stack or stack vent, extended full size above the roof not less than _____ long and should not be less than _____ diameter the size of the drains whichever is smaller

A

30cm long and 75mm (3’’) diameter

103
Q

As a general rule, vent stack must be extended and terminate through the roof of the building. When the roof is to be used other than protection from the elements of weather, the vent stack should be extended no less than_____ above the roof.

A

2 meters

104
Q

The soil pipe shall be properly concealed or embedded in _____, _____, or _____, installed prior to the construction of the building

A

Columns, walls, or partitions

105
Q

Shall be considered prior to the rough-in work (location of fixtures, thickness of partitions, location of doors and windows, drop ceiling, electrical layout and outlets)

A

Pre-planning stages

106
Q

______ that will directly receive waste from water closet shall be short and direct as practicable

A

Soil Branch

107
Q

_______ shall be tight and free from liquid or gas leak

A

Soil pipe joints

108
Q

Shall be anchored rigidly by means of metal hangers if not embedded in concrete walls, columns or partitions

A

Soil Pipes

109
Q

That changes from vertical to horizontal directions shall be done by using

A

a. 1/4 bend
b Long sweep 1/4 bend
c. Two 1/8 blend
d. Combination of Y and 1/8 bend

110
Q
A

ACE 2 ENGINEERING UTILITIES (2 decks)

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