Midterm Flashcards
t stands for
time
a stands for
acceleration
x stands for
horizontal displacement
y stands for
vertical displacement
Vo stands for
initial velocity
Vf or V stands for
Final Velocity
g stands for
gravity which is 9.81 meters/second squared
Ag stands for
acceleration due to gravity
Voy
initial vertical velocity
Vox
initial horizontal velocity
F stands for
Force
Ff stands for
Force of Friction
FN stands for
Force Normal
Fg stands for
Force due to gravity
Fnet stands for
The net forces
mu “ weird u looking thing” stands for
coefficient of friction
Fapp stands for
Force applied
Fax stands for
Force due to acceleration in the horizontal direction
Fay stands for
Force due to acceleration in the vertical direction
Ac stands for
centriphical acceleration
Fc stands for
centriphical force
m stands for
mass
r stands for
radius
T stands for
tension
W stands for
Work
P stands for
Power
K stands for
Kenertic energy
h stands for
height
u stands for
potential gravitational energy
w( omega) stands for
angular velocity
a ( alpha) stands for
angular acceleration
vectors
has magnitude and direction
scalars
has magnitude but no direction
elastic collisions
two objects collide and break apart into at least two separate objects
inelastic collisions
two objects collide and become one object or can be treated as one object
cantilever
a beam anchored at only one end. The beam carries the load to the support where it is forced against by moment and shear stress.[1] Cantilever construction allows for overhanging structures without external bracing.
instantaneous velocity
the velocity or speed at any given instant of time. this is always changing because speed is always changing
average velocity
the average of all the instantaneous velocities recorded
uniform acceleration
constant velocity
apparent weight
is a property of objects that corresponds to how heavy an object is. The apparent weight of an object will differ from the weight of an object whenever the force of gravity acting on the object is not balanced by an equal but opposite normal force. By definition, the weight of an object is equal to the magnitude of the force of gravity acting on it.
impulse
is defined as the product of the average force multiplied by the time it is exerted.[2] Impulse is a vector quantity since force is a vector quantity.
momentum
mass in motion. any object ( because all objects have mass) that has a velocity has a momentum
Henry Cavendish
discovered the universal gravitational constant … don’t need to worry about knowing this its on the formula sheet
Galileo
he discovered kinematics
kinetic energy
energy in motion
potential energy
all the energy an object has. the more mass an object has the more potential energy it has
displacement
the total amount an object moves, it can be forward backward left and right but all these are added up and used to find a length of displacement
length
the amount an object moves in one direction
moment of inertia
is the mass property of a rigid body that defines the torque needed for a desired change in angular velocity about an axis of rotation. Moment of inertia depends on the shape of the body and may be different around different axes of rotation.
torque
is the tendency of a force to rotate an object about an axis,[1] fulcrum, or pivot. Just as a force is a push or a pull, a torque can be thought of as a twist to an object
centriphical acceleration
is defined as the rate of change of angular velocity with respect to time
centriphical forcce
Centripetal force is the force acting on the body which makes the body move towards the center of axis of rotation. This force acts along the radius towards the center of the circle.
N stands for
Newtons
Triangle ( delta) stands for
change in
I stands for
moment of inertia
Vfx stands for
final horizontal velocity
Vfy stands for
final vertical velocity
T stands for
Torque
Vc stands for
centriphical velocity
theta stands for
angular measurement
J stands for
Joule
W stands for
Watt
P stands for
momentum
J stands for
impulse
Ko stands for
initial kenetic energy
Kf stands for
final kenetic energy
Pe stands for
potential energy
units for time
seconds
units for acceleration
meters/ seconds squared
units for velocity
meters/ second
units for force
Newtons
units for work
Joule
units for mass
Kilograms
units for power
Joules / second or watts
units for energy
Joules or calories
units for impulse
newtons/ second
units for momentum
mass times velocity
units for omega
meters/ second
units for alpha
meters/ second squared
units for circular displacement
radians, revolutions, and degrees
units for Torque
newtons x meters
units for moment of inertia
Kilograms
units for displacement
meters
what does the slope in a displacement v, time graph represent?
the velocity
what does the area under the graph in a force v. displacement graph represent?
the impulse
Newton’s first law
the law of inertia. says any object will stay in motion in a straight line at a constant speed. an object will stay at rest as long as not acted by some external force.
conditions for this to be true:
1. the object MUST move at a constant speed
2. the object MUST start at rest
Newton’s second law
an object will only accelerate if there is a net or unbalanced force acting upon it. The presence of an unbalanced force will accelerate an object - changing its speed, its direction, or both its speed and direction
newton’s third law
every action has an equal and opposite reaction.
example: you push on the chair and the chair pushed back.
angular momentum
is the amount of rotation an object has, taking into account its mass and shape. It is a vector quantity that represents the product of a body’s rotational inertia and rotational velocity about a particular axis
angular velocity
is defined as the rate of change of angular displacement and is a vector quantity which specifies the angular speed (rotational speed) of an object and the axis about which the object is rotating.
center of gravity
the place of the object where the mass is concentrated and gravity is pulled down. in neat orderly even objects the center of gravity is in the middle in un-orderly objects like human bodies the center of gravity is just above the belly button. the center of gravity is what helps keep objects balanced
center of mass
is the unique point where the weighted relative position of the distributed mass sums to zero. The distribution of mass is balanced around the center of mass and the average of the weighted position coordinates of the distributed mass defines its coordinates
gravitational potential energy
is acquired by an object when it has been moved against a gravitational field. In order for an object to be lifted vertically upwards, work must be done against the downward pull of gravity. This work is then stored as gravitational potential energy.
