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Comparative World Religions > Midterm > Flashcards

Midterm Flashcards

memorization

1
Q

Ideology

A

Beliefs values or ideas that have become naturalized, reified, absolutized, sedimented, and politicized

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2
Q

Theism- monotheism- polytheism- pantheism

A

polytheism is a theistic belief in many gods

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3
Q

In-group vs out-group representation

A

in groups are represented heterogeneously (more unique) , out-groups are represented homogeneously (out-groups are all the same, all immigrants, all barbarians, all foreigners large brush)

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4
Q

Truth claims

A

An exclusive religious truth claims a single religious tradition has a claim to truth and the truth is not found in any other religious tradition

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5
Q

Totemism

A

Sign of family tribe or kinship, it establishes taboos and hierarchy (all of the above)

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6
Q

Monothetic vs polythetic view of phenomena

A

Mono- analyzes religion with one limited theory (religion is belief in God and that is what all religion is, Poly- Look at religion from multiple polls (mythological, artistic, philosophical none own what defines religion)

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7
Q

Axial age

A

coined by German philosopher Carl Jaspers, a pivotal age 3rd-4th centuries

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8
Q

Proselytism

A

attempt to convert other people to become part of a specific religion (most religions)

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9
Q

7 characteristics of religious founders

A

they are NOT part of the religious elite

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10
Q

Cosmology vs cosmogony

A

both involved in myths, cosmogony- a theory or explanation for the beginnings of the universe (how everything began), cosmology- explains the structure of everything (not mutually exclusive)

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11
Q

Roman religion and politics

A

One in the same thing, you couldn’t be an active citizen in Rome without participating in religious rights and duties.

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12
Q

Max Muller

A

Known as the founding father of religious studies, and known for his work on the development of ancient languages and their relation to cultures and belief systems and for contributing to the European interest in Arian culture (all of the above)

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13
Q

Emilie Durkheim

A

Believed that the origin of religion was Totemism

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14
Q

Insider vs outsider understanding of a sacred text

A

insider- having a divine origin, outsider- manmade, possibly having multiple origins (multiple authors or multiple subtraditions)

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15
Q

The Sramana movement

A

Birthed both Buddhism and Jainism and primarily focused on asceticism

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16
Q

Inner-worldly vs other-worldly asceticism

A

other- spiritual goal in another world, inner- spiritual goals in the here and the now

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17
Q

Divination

A

Practice seeking knowledge of the future or the unknown by supernatural means like cleromancy

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18
Q

Regilare

A

Latin, to tie or to bind

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19
Q

Historical meaning of religion

A

Protestant Reformation emphasized sola fide and sola Scriptura, which led to an ever-increasing understanding of religion as privately held beliefs

20
Q

Hinduism

A

.

21
Q

Brahman

A

highest universal principle or ultimate reality that is variously depicted as the highest deity, or identical to the individual self

22
Q

Atman

A

known as an individual self or soul

23
Q

Moksha

A

Liberation from the cycle of samsara, the ultimate goal of Hinduism

24
Q

Ahimsa

A

Noninjury (Also found in Buddhism and Jainism)

25
Q

The Upanishads vs the Rig Veda

A

Rig Veda- Focuses on ritual; Upanishads focus on philosophy, the nature of ultimate reality, and the path to moksha (all of the above)

26
Q

Caste System

A

Ashrama is not a part of the caste system

26
Q

Buddism

A

.

26
Q

Emperor Ashoka

A

notable because he spread Buddism outside of India for the first time

27
Q

Samsara

A

the repeating cycle of birth life and death also known as reincarnation (transmigration of souls)

28
Q

Sunyata

A

means emptiness popularized by Buddhist philosopher Nagarjuna

29
Q

Four noble truths

A
  1. the sensation of suffering is attainable
30
Q

The middle way

A

refers to the mediation between extreme poverty and extreme wealth (Siddartha katana)

31
Q

Nirvana

A

the ultimate goal of Theravada Buddhism

32
Q

bodhisattva

A

the ultimate goal for Mahayana Buddhism

33
Q

Arhat

A

an individual who has obtained enlightenment or nirvana (Theravada)

34
Q

Confucianism

A

.

35
Q

Essential texts

A

Dao de Xing is not an essential text in Confucianism

36
Q

Ethics as the first philosophy

A

true

37
Q

Li

A

ritual

38
Q

Meritocracy

A

you get what you deserve (lasting impact of the civil service examinations (anyone can take the test and become a part of the rolling elite)

39
Q

Daoism

A

.

40
Q

Ziran

A

individuals should return to a primordial state of nature

41
Q

I-ching

A

primarily used for divination

42
Q

wu-wei

A

Action through non-action

43
Q

Zhengyi Daoshi vs. Quanzhen Daoshi

A

Z school can marry and live in their own homes and Q is required to be celibate vegetarian and cloistered (all of the above)

44
Q

5 SAQ

A

Comparative World Religions (1 decks)

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