Midterm Flashcards
You are driving in your car and see a crash. You stop to provide care. You are protected by:
a. duty to act
b. scope of practice
c. Good Samaritan law
d. standard of care
c. Good Samaritan Law
What is HIPPA?
a. The medical director’s specific instructions for specific medical conditions or injuries
b. Written guidelines that direct the care EMS personnel provide for patients.
c. a law that dictates the extent to which protected health information can be shared.
d. The medical director’s specific instructions for specific medical conditions or injuries
c. a law that dictates the extent to which protected health information can be shared
The governmental organization that sets strict standards for reducing the possibility of infectious exposure in the workplace is:
a. OSHA
b. CDC
c. FEMA
d. FDA
a. OSHA
You are called to the scene of an overturned tanker truck. Arriving at the scene, you notice a fluid draining from the underside of the truck. You use your binoculars to look on the placard on the back of the vehicle so that you can identify the material from your:
a. Emergency Medical Responder
b. Standard Operations Procedure Manual
c. Emergency Response Guidebook
d. Physician’s Desk Reference
c. Emergency Response Guidebook
Bleeding inside the chest that causes the lung to collapse away from the chest wall is called a:
a. pulmonary edema
b. pleural decompression
c. hemothorax
d. pneumothorax
c. hemothorax
(hemothorax is collapsed chest wall, pneumothorax is a collapsed lung)
When the diaphragm contracts and the chest expands, the pressure inside the chest:
a. increases
b. decreases
b. decreases
(When the lungs inhale, the diaphragm contracts and pulls downward. This increases the size of the thoracic cavity and decreases the pressure inside)
You are moving a stable patient down a narrow hallway with several turns. Your traditional stretcher will not fit. Which type of device should you use?
a. portable stretcher
b. scoop stretcher
c. stair chair
c. stair chair
You are called to a house for an elderly male who fell in the bathroom and is complaining of pain to his right hip. The best type of equipment to use would be the:
a. scoop stretcher.
b. stretcher.
c. stair chair.
d. backboard.
a. scoop stretcher
You have placed a patient on your stretcher. She has no injuries but has been vomiting for several days. Her blood pressure is 92/60, and she says she feels dizzy. The best position for this patient is the:
a. shock position.
b. semi-Fowler’s position.
c. standard position.
d. recovery position.
a. shock position
A device for moving a patient from one level to another or over rough terrain is the:
a. wheeler stretcher.
b. stair chair.
c. spine board.
d. basket stretcher
d. basket stretcher
Information on a patient care report that includes details about the call itself is called the:
a. 911 call
b. shift report
c. run data
d. chief complaint
c. run data
You have just made two attempts to ventilate an unresponsive child with an airway obstruction. Your next step is to:
a. begin chest compressions
b. continue to ventilate
c. perform 5 chest thrusts
d. provide back slaps
a. begin chest compressions
a condition in which there is an insufficient supply of oxygen in the blood and tissues:
a. apnea
b. dyspnea
c. hypoxia
c. hypoxia
While attending to an 11-month-old boy who has a suspected severe airway obstruction, you are able to remove a small piece of food from the child’s airway. You give the child some rescue breaths, and the child’s chest rises. The infant now has a pulse and circulation. You continue rescue breaths at the rate of ________ breaths every ________ seconds.
a. 1/2
b. 5/6
c. 3/5
a. 3/5
You are caring for a 12 year old patient who is having severe difficulty breathing. Her respirations are 32 times per minute and shallow. The best choice for oxygen therapy for this patient is a:
a. nasal cannula
b. demand valve
c. bag-valve mask
d. nonrebreather mask
c. bag-valve mask
Which of the following is NOT a hazard associated with oxygen use?
a. Breathing high concentrations of oxygen can quickly cause damage to the alveoli.
b. Oxygen and oils mixed together can cause an explosion.
c. Oxygen supports combustion and causes fire to burn more rapidly.
d. The oxygen tank is under pressure and can become a missile should the valve break off.
a. Breathing high concentrations of oxygen can cause damage to the alveoli
The flow meter:
a. allows the provider to regulate the rate of oxygen delivered to the patient.
b. is where the connection to refill the oxygen bottle is located.
c. allows pressure coming out of the bottle to be reduced to a manageable level.
d. indicates how much oxygen is remaining in the bottle.
*not sure
c. allows pressure coming out of the bottle to be reduced to a manageable level
You are caring for a patient who was ejected from a vehicle that rolled over. She is alert and responsive. Her respirations are 20 times per minute with good tidal volume and unlabored. Which device is most appropriate to deliver oxygen to this patient?
a. nonrebreather mask
b. demand valve
c. bag-mask device
d. nasal cannula
a. nonrebreather mask
The Emergency Medical Responder is using a “D” cylinder that contains about ________ liters of oxygen.
a. 450
b. 425
c. 630
d. 640
b. 425
You are caring for an infant who is unresponsive and not breathing. Your initial attempt to deliver a rescue breath is not successful. Which one of the following is most likely the cause?
a. the child is choking on a foreign object
b. the airway is likely blocked by an airway spasm
c. you probably did not position the airway properly
d. the child has asthma & cannot breathe
c. you probably did not position the airway properly
You are at a Little League baseball game & see a parent collapse to the ground. You are the first person to the woman. You should:
a. send someone to call 911
b. check for responsiveness
c. give two rescue breaths
d. place her in recovery position
b. check for responsiveness
You are caring for an adult patient who appears unconscious. When you tap on his shoulder and call out his name, he opens his eyes and attempts to respond. This patient would be classified as _______ on the AVPU scale.
a. alert
b. verbal
c. painful
d. unresponsive
b. verbal
A patient complains of chest pain but denies any difficulty breathing. The lack of difficulty breathing is considered:
a. superflous information
b. relevant finding
c. a pertinent negative
d. pertinent medical history
c. pertinent negative
The nasal cannula can deliver up to ___ percent oxygen and the nonrebreather mask can deliver up to ____ percent oxygen.
a. 40, 85
b. 35, 90
c. 45, 95
d. 50, 90
45, 95
The Initial Assesment consists of:
BSI
Scene Safety
NOI/MOI
Additional Resources
The Primary Assesment consists of:
General Impression
Mental Status (AVPU)
Airway and Breathing (ABC’s)
Patient Priority
Life Threatening Hemorrhage
Signs vs Symptoms
Signs are something you can see while symptoms are subjective feelings of patients
SAMPLE
Signs and Symptoms
Allergies
Medication
Past medical history
Events leading up to
OPQRST
Onset
Provocation
Quality
Radiation
Severity
Time of Injury
Baseline vs Trending Vitals
Baseline Vitals are the first set of vitals obtained while trending vitals are monitored multiple times
What three components do we evaluate with Respirations?
Rate, ease, depth
Average Respiration Rate for Adults
12-20
Average Pulse Rate
60-100
What three components are evaluated with pulse rate?
rhythm, rate, strenght
Average Blood Pressure
120/80
PEERRL
Pupils
Equal
Round
Reactivity
Light
All of the following are terms used for the stages of death and dying EXCEPT:
Refusal
Battery
Assault
Menangitis (symptoms/signs)
stiff neck, fever, neurological
A 74-year-old woman feels weak and dizzy, has pale and sweaty skin, and has a fast and weak pulse. The fast and weak pulse of this patient causes you to suspect that her cardiac output has:
a. increased
b. decreased
c. stopped
b. decreased
(cardiac output is is the amount of blood ejected from the heart in one minute)
The gasket used to seal a regulator to the oxygen cylinder is called a(n):
a. “B” ring
b. “C” ring
c. “D” ring
d. “O” ring
d. “O” ring
The proper placement of a(n) _____ will help ensure an airtight fit between the regulator and the tank valve.
a. cannula
b. O ring
c. demand valve
d. Venturi
b. “O” ring
To perform adequate compressions for a child under 8 years of age:
a. place one hand on the midsternum and cover it with the other hand.
b. place the heel of one hand at the imaginary nipple line over the sternum.
c. depress the sternum one-quarter to one-half the depth of the chest.
d. use the ring and middle finger of one hand on the middle of the sternum.
b. place the heel of one hand at the imaginary nipple line over the sternum
a disorganized electrical activity within the heart that renders the heart incapable of pumping blood:
a. bradycardia
b. fibrillation
c. tachycardia
d. asystole
b. fibrillation
A patient who is fully alert and oriented will be able to identify:
a. person, place, and how many quarters are in a dollar.
b. person, event, family history, and who the president is.
c. person, place, time, and event.
d. person, time, and medical history.
c. person, place, time, and event
You and your partner are called to the scene of a motor vehicle accident. Your patient was the unrestrained driver of a vehicle that hit a tree going 55 mph. The Emergency Medical Responder recognizes that this patient has:
a. a nonsignificant mechanism of injury.
b. no chance of survival.
c. a significant mechanism of injury.
d. a serious cause of illness.
c. a significant mechanism of injury
(the method by which trauma and its associated forces directly or indirectly impacts the human body)
The primary assessment begins with:
forming a general impression
The American Heart Association recommends administering oxygen to a chest pain patient with an oxygen saturation of less than:
94%
Which of the following is a contraindication for administering nitroglycerine?
head injury and diastolic below 80.
All of the following are signs and symptoms of congestive heart failure EXCEPT:
a. hypertension.
b. difficulty breathing.
c. headache.
d. pedal edema.
c. headache
(remember, congestive heart failure causes fluids to build up, therefore edema aka swelling happens)
When a blockage of the coronary arteries causes an area of heart muscle to die from lack of oxygen, it is called:
a. cardiac arrest
b. myocardial infraction
c. angina
d. pericarditis
b. myocardial infraction
You respond to a 67-year-old female who has fallen at home. On arrival the patient is conscious and alert, with no respiratory or cardiac compromise. She states she tripped and fell and now has pain in her left hip. She thinks she might have heard a “pop” as she hit the floor. She has her neighbor at her side and says it is all right if you leave, and the neighbor can get her up and to her favorite chair. She’s afraid she can’t afford the ambulance and the hospital, and she is sure she is just feeling her age. You know that the ambulance is on its way and should arrive soon.
For you to care for this patient, you must get her consent for treatment and transport. If you treat this patient against her will, you have committed:
a. standard of care breach
b. negligience
c. battery
d. abandonment
negligence
You are caring for a 6-year-old female who the family says has been very sick since last night. She had a high fever, but they felt it was just the flu. Today the child became worse and complained of her neck hurting and being stiff. The child is now unresponsive and is not breathing. You have been ventilating her with a bag-valve device attached to oxygen until ALS arrives and takes over care and transports.
Early on in the call, the child coughed directly into your face. You were not wearing eye protection and think there might have been an exposure. You should:
a. do nothing; this patient is contagious
b. wash your face with disinfectant
c. report the incident to your supervisor
c. report the incident to your supervisor
When performing a direct ground lift, it is recommended to have:
a. two rescuers
b. three rescuers
c. four rescuers
d. five rescuers
b. three rescuers
You are attending to an 11-month-old boy who was choking on some food. You have dislodged the obstruction and are now giving rescue breaths. What can you do to help you maintain the child’s airway while performing the rescue breaths?
a. place the child on a pillow
b. place a rag under the child’s head
c. place a rolled up towel under the child’s shoulders
c. place a rolled up towel under the child’s shoulders
Your patient is in severe respiratory distress with labored but adequate breathing. The appropriate oxygen delivery device would be a:
a. nebulizer mask.
b. nonrebreather mask.
c. nasal cannula.
d. bag-valve mask.
b. nonrebreather mask.
Definition: the measurement of the pressure inside the arteries, both during contractions of the heart and between contractions
a. systolic
b. diastolic
c. pulse
d. blood pressure
d. blood pressure
Your patient is an unresponsive woman with a history of diabetes. You completed a primary assessment. You should:
a. obtain vital signs
b. ask SAMPLE history
c. perform a focused secondary assessment
d. perform a quick secondary assessment
d. perform a quick secondary assessment
For most patients, an EMR’s assessment begins with performing a scene size-up followed by:
a. determining the nature of illness
b. a secondary assessment
c. obtaining vitals
d. a primary assessment
d. a primary assessment
All of the following are signs and symptoms of cardiac compromise EXCEPT:
a. fever
b. anxiety
c. diaphoresis
d. dyspnea
a. fever
