Midterm Flashcards
The Horse in Motion
First ever motion picture
The Lumière Brothers
French inventors and pioneer manufacturers of photographic equipment who devised an early motion-picture camera and projector called the Cinématographe
Georges Méliès,
He was one of the first to film fictional narratives, and he is regarded as the inventor of special effects in movies. His films were among the first to use such techniques as double exposure, stop-motion, and slow motion.
Edison Co.
responsible for the invention of the Kinetograph, Produced early cinema
The
Black Maria
The Black Maria was Thomas Edison’s film production studio in West Orange, New Jersey. It was the world’s first film studio.
Edward Porter
become chief director of the new Famous Players Film Company, the first American company that regularly produced feature-length films.
D.W. Griffith
helped pioneer the editing technique of crosscutting, or parallel editing, which involves alternating among multiple strands of simultaneous story action.
Sergei Eisenstein
He was a pioneer in the theory and practice of montage
Magical Lanterns
a projector that uses light to project images.
Persistence of
Vision
is the optical illusion that occurs when the visual perception of an object does not cease for some time after the rays of light proceeding from it have ceased to enter the eye
The Kinetoscope
designed for films to be viewed by one person at a time through a peephole viewer window.
The Cinématographe
a film camera that also functioned as a photo developer and projector
Projection
the presentation of an image on a surface
Trick Films
trick films were short silent films designed to feature innovative special effects
Continuity Edits
uses a variety of classic film editing techniques to blend multiple camera shots — some taken at different times or even different locations — into a seamless, consistent narrative.
Nickelodeons
the first type of indoor exhibition space dedicated to showing projected motion pictures in the United States and Canada.
Montage
a film editing technique in which a series of short shots are sequenced to condense space, time, and information.
Shorts
Short in time film
Actualities
a non-fiction film genre that uses footage of real events, places, and things (essentially B-roll), in a similar way to documentary film
Cinema of Attractions
These films draw viewers to focus on the animation and thrill of the images as if watching theatre play or being at a circus instead on the narrative
Chaplin / Keaton
Early comedians know for slap stick comedy in silent films
Hollywood Continuity
uses a variety of classic film editing techniques to blend multiple camera shots — some taken at different times or even different locations — into a seamless, consistent narrative.
Soviet
Montage
is an influential film movement developed in the Soviet Union in the early twentieth century that focuses on the editing techniques of a film over content alone. The primary premise is that different sequences edited together in juxtaposition can express a new and separate complex idea.
French Impressionism
based on the practice of painting out of doors and spontaneously ‘on the spot’ rather than in a studio from sketches
Close-Ups
a type of shot that tightly frames a person or object
Optical Transitions
The washout is an optical transition used for editing purposes that is similar to the fade.
Tracking Shots
the camera physically moves sideways, forward, or backward through the scene
Film D’Art
formed for the express purpose of transferring prestigious stage plays starring famous performers to the screen.
In-
Camera Effects
any special effect in a video or movie that is created solely by using techniques in and on the camera and/or its parts
Artificial Lighting
the light that is produced from artificial sources such as candles, fire, electricity, etc
Expressionism (ITCF Definition)
an art movement and international tendency at the beginning of the 20th century, which spanned the visual arts, literature, music, theatre and architecture
The Narrative Avant-Garde
these pioneering works of art were emotional and even spiritual in nature, allowing viewers to explore the unknown through a unique lens
Mise-en-Scene
a catch-all phrase for how a scene comes together and tells your story, “setting the stage,”
Dream Palaces
The theaters were large and fancy and they showed silent films of famous actors and actresses
Shooting Scripts
a version of a screenplay that includes detailed cinematography instructions laid out in the order that they’ll be needed, such as certain camera shots, props, and locations
Slapstick
comedy based on deliberately clumsy actions and humorously embarrassing events.
The Star System
The star system was the method of creating, promoting and exploiting stars in Hollywood films from the 1920s until the 1960s. Movie studios would select promising young actors and glamorise and create personas for them, often inventing new names and even new backgrounds.
Hollywood
A larger-than-life symbol of the entertainment business
Fan
Magazines
a commercially written and published magazine intended for the amusement of fans of the popular culture subject matter that it covers
The Oscars
The Academy Awards, commonly and now officially known as the Oscars, are awards for artistic and technical merit for the film industry
Sound
a vibration that propagates as an acoustic wave through a transmission medium such as a gas, liquid or solid
Censorship
is the suppression of speech, public communication, or other information
Road Films
a film genre in which the main characters leave home on a road trip
The Hays Codes
self-imposed industry set of guidelines for all the motion pictures that were released between 1934 and 1968,“The code prohibited profanity, suggestive nudity, graphic or realistic violence, sexual persuasions and rape
The Studio System
a method of filmmaking wherein the production and distribution of films is dominated by a small number of large movie studios
Screenwriter
write and develop screenplays for film or TV drama
Diegetic
occurring within the context of the story and able to be heard by the characters
Non-Diegetic
having a source external to the context of the story, and not heard by the characters
The Jazz Singer
the first feature-length movie with synchronized dialogue
Marx Brothers
an American family comedy act that was successful in vaudeville, on Broadway, and in 14 motion pictures from 1905 to 1949
Laurel & Hardy
a British-American comedy team during the early Classical Hollywood era of American cinema
W.C Fields
an American actor, comedian, juggler, and writer. Fields’s career in show business began in vaudeville, where he attained international success as a silent juggler
Mae West
an American actress, singer, comedian, screenwriter, and playwright whose career spanned over seven decades. Considered a sex symbol, she was known for her breezy sexual independence and her lighthearted bawdy double entendres, often delivered in a husky contralto voice
The Screwball Comedy
a sex comedy without the sex
The Rom-
Com
Romantic comedy is a subgenre of comedy and romance fiction, focusing on lighthearted, humorous plot lines centered on romantic ideas
Movie Moguls
The owner of a major film studio, person in power in the film industry
Block Booking
a system of selling multiple films to a theater as a unit
Genre
a category of artistic composition, as in music or literature, characterized by similarities in form, style, or subject matter
Newsreels
a form of short documentary film, containing news stories and items of topical interest, that was prevalent between the 1910s and the mid 1970s. Typically presented in a cinema, newsreels were a source of current affairs, information, and entertainment for millions of moviegoers
B - Movies
a type of low-budget commercial motion picture. Originally, during the Golden Age of Hollywood, this term specifically referred to films meant to be shown as the lesser-known second half of a double feature, somewhat similar to B-sides in the world of recorded music
Film Noir
style of filmmaking characterized by such elements as cynical heroes, stark lighting effects, frequent use of flashbacks, intricate plots, and an underlying existentialist philosophy
The
Blacklist
an entertainment industry blacklist put in effect in the mid-20th century in the United States during the early years of the Cold War, in Hollywood and elsewhere
Zoom
is the technique of changing the focal length of a zoom lens during a shot
Vertical Integration
the business arrangement in which a company controls different stages along the supply chain
The Big 5
Metro Goldwyn Mayer (MGM), RKO, 20th Century Fox, Warner Bros., and Paramount Pictures
The Little 3
Universal, United Artists, and Columbia
Block Booking
a system of selling multiple films to a theater as a unit
Orson Welles & RKO
is a 1999 American historical drama television, star of citizen Kane
Deep Focus
a photographic and cinematographic technique using a large depth of field. Depth of field is the front-to-back range of focus in an image, or how much of it appears sharp and clear. In deep focus, the foreground, middle ground, and background are all in focus
The MacGuffin
an object, device, or event that is necessary to the plot and the motivation of the characters, but insignificant, unimportant, or irrelevant in itself
The Red
Herring
something that misleads or distracts from a relevant or important question
The Antihero
a main character in a story who may lack some conventional heroic qualities and attributes
Chiaroscuro
technique employed in the visual arts to represent light and shadow as they define three-dimensional objects
Nonlinearity
a narrative technique in which the storyline is told out of chronological order
Monochrome
image, object or palette is composed of one color
Propaganda
information, especially of a biased or misleading nature, used to promote or publicize a particular political cause or point of view
Method Acting
trains actors to use their physical, mental and emotional self in the creation of a character and stresses the way in which personal experience can fire the actors imagination
Triumph of the Will
an artful work of propaganda showcasing German chancellor and Nazi Party leader Adolf Hitler at the 1934 Nuremberg Rally. Edited from over 60 hours’ worth of raw footage shot over the course of the rally’s four days
Why We Fight
a series of seven propaganda films produced by the US Department of War from 1942 to 1945, during World War II
War Films
a film genre concerned with warfare, typically about naval, air, or land battles, with combat scenes central to the drama
Feature Films
a feature film runs for more than 40 minutes
Musical Scores
original music written specifically to accompany a film
The Academy Ration
an aspect ratio of a frame of 35 mm film when used with 4-perf pulldown. It was standardized by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences as the standard film aspect ratio
4/3 Aseptic Ratio
used in film and TV to denote the width and height of images that are 4 units wide by 3 units tall
Widescreen
any film image with a width-to-height aspect ratio greater than 4:3
