Midterm Flashcards
___ resorbs anteriorly, ___ resorbs posteriorly
Mn
Mx
___ resorbs in, ___ resorbs out
Mx
Mn
type I takes ___ months to integrate
5 months
type ___ takes the shortest amount of time to integrate
II (4 months)
___ graft is the GS
autogenous
intraoral grafting sites
symphysis
ramus
symphysis graft considerations
cosmetic concern
larger sizes
type II bone MC
nerve damage more common
GS mesh for GBR
PTFE or titanium (non-resorbable)
lateral vs crestal sinus lift indications
<4 mm = go lateral
>4 mm = go crestal
how much can you achieve with sinus lift
4-8 mm
___ ___ ___ linked to risk for sinus perforation
residual ridge height
crestal lift advantages
less invasive
minimal graft material
ridge split MC in the ___
Mx
minimum width for ridge expansion
2-4 mm
delayed ridge split more used in the ___
Mn
ridge split expected gain
3 mm
zygomatic implants must have at least ___ anterior implants alongside
2
zygomatic implant placement
PM region
more palatal
components of upper airway
naso
oro
laryngo
pallor is due to ___ activation
sympathetic
pulse ox determines % of ___ in capillaries
oxyhemoglobin
combitube advantages
blindly insert
ventilate regardless of placement
double lumen
king laryngotube advantages
prevents aspiration
LMA vs king tube
LMA does NOT protect from aspiration
KT protects from aspiration and can facilitate intubation
ASA II examples
anxious patient
older than 60
pregnant
euthyroid TH patient
controlled T2DM, asthma, epilepsy
ASA III examples
controlled T1DM
symptomatic TH patient
> 6 months since MI/CVA
very high BP
stable angina
controlled CHF or COPD
ASA IV examples
unstable angina
< 6 months since MI/CVA
very very high BP
arrythmias
uncontrolled T1DM
moderate = ___ sedation
conscious
opioids cause ___ (eyes)
miosis (from edinger CN III parasympathetics)
opioid analgesia is from ___ receptor, whereas sedation is from ___
mu
kappa
morphine is ___ cleared
renally
fent clearance depends on ___ blood flow
hepatic
fent advantage and potential adverse event
no histamine
rigid chest syndrome
naloxone dosage
0.4 mg IV
naloxone side effect
catecholamine release if abruptly used
flumazenil dosage
0.2 mg per minute
propofol results in vaso___
vasodilation
N2O effects on catecholamines and heart
stimulates catecholamine
myocardial depression
N2O effect on respiration
tachypnea
N2O effect on renal
decreased urine output
N2O is ___ (solubility)
insoluble (rapid onset and recovery)
special N2O properties
concentration effect
2nd gas
explain diffusion hypoxia
N2O pulls CO2 out of air, resulting in respiratory depression (think COPD situations)
N2O inhibits ___ ___, which can cause B12 deficiency
methionine synthase
does N2O relax skeletal muscle
no
O2 is the ___ cylinder
green
N2O is the ___ cylinder
blue
O2 psi
1900
N2O psi
745
___% N2O is equivalent to 10-15 mg morphine
20%
cylinder size
E
O2 psi vs N2O psi
O2 decreases during use
N2O shows 750 until empty
minimum O2 %
30%
deflated bag means what?
minute volume inadequate
vacuum too high
overinflated bag means what?
minute volume too high
hose obstruction
first sign of N2O
light headedness
primary determinant of recovery from sedation
responses from patient
