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Forensic Anthropology > Midterm > Flashcards

Midterm Flashcards

1
Q

The humerus is ___ to the sternum

A

Lateral

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2
Q

The manubrium is ___ to the xiphoid process

A

Superior

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3
Q

The inion is located…

A

Underneath the occipital area

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4
Q

Calcaneus

A

Is the heel bone

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5
Q

What is the coronal plane?

A

Divided the body from front to back

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6
Q

Ethnicity

A

Term used to describe a multidimensional construct based on cultural attributes

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7
Q

Horn effect

A

Negative assumptions that cloud out judgement

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8
Q

True or False
The Frye standard is a rule of evidence regarding the admissiblity to expert witness testimony

A

False

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9
Q

Where does intramembranous ossification occur?

A

Flat bones of the skull, madible, and clavical

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10
Q

The zygomatic bone is ___ to the occipital bone.

A

Anterior

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11
Q

How many years ago would an individual have to have died before they are no longer considered of forensic significance?

A

75 years

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12
Q

The galbella is located…

A

Between the eyes

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13
Q

The pterion is located…

A

Haircutting ridge

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14
Q

The asterion is located…

A

Protuding point past the the ear to the occipital

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15
Q

Where is the zygomatic of the skull located?

A

Cheekbones

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16
Q

Where is the maxilla of the skull located?

A

Part of the skull that consists of the upper part of the mouth, bone of the top teeth.

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17
Q

Where is the temporal part of the skull located?

A

The boney area surrounds the ear cavity.

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18
Q

Where is the parital area of the skull located?

A

Back half of the skull from the apex

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19
Q

Where is the occipital part of the skull located?

A

Complete part of the skull in the occipital area

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20
Q

Frontal suture

A

Divides the frontal bone into right and left

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21
Q

Squamosal suture

A

Between the parietal bone and temporal bone on the side of the akull, bordered in back by occipital bone. Connections around your ear

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22
Q

Lambdodial suture

A

Upside down v where two halves of the skull meet and form the occipital area.

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23
Q

Lumbar vertebea

A

Lower back L1-L5s. Looks like Predator’s mask.

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24
Q

Thoractic vertabrae

A

The second set of 12 vertebrae, from the outward curve of the spi e and are known as T1-T12. Spaceship

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25
Q

Cervial vertebrae

A

C1-C7, neck. Looks like a pelvis

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26
Q

Talus

A

Ankle bone

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27
Q

Cuniform bone

A

Bone connected to the toes

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28
Q

Navicular bone

A

Protruding bone connected to the bog toe

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29
Q

Metarsal

A

Slender anterior bonef of the foot connected to the toes (phalanx)

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30
Q

Phalanx

A

Toe bones

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31
Q

Humerus

A

Bone of the upper arm

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32
Q

Radius

A

Later bone of the forearm on the pinky side

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33
Q

Ulna

A

Inner forearm bone

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34
Q

Transverse plane

A

Divides the body in half, top and bottom

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35
Q

Clavical

A

Collar bone

36
Q

What skeletal elements are the best for estimating sex?

A

Pelvis

37
Q

Transgender

A

Rfers to individuals whose gender identity does not align with the sex assigned to them at birth

38
Q

Biological sex

A

Refers to an individual’s classification at birth, which is largely based on visual assessment of external anatomy.

39
Q

Cisgender

A

Refers to individuals whose gender identity is correlated with their assigned sex.

40
Q

Facial masculinization surgery for trans men augments which suture?

A

Thyroid cartilage

41
Q

True or False
FORDISC software utilizes multivariate discimanant function analysis to determine elements of the biological profile sych as sex and ancestry

A

True

42
Q

What traits could you identify with a male pelvis?

A

Wide, u shaped sub pubic angle, wide sciatic notch, long pubis

43
Q

You have been asked to determine the age of fetal remains that have been discovered. You determine the fetal length to be 35 cm. Based on the Haase’s Rule, how many gestational months old would the fetus be when it died?

A

7 months old

44
Q

Linear enamel hypoplasia

A

Horizontal defects in the tooth enamel represent episodes of physiological stress that occur while the teeth are forming…

45
Q

Order of body parts from first to last that experience epiphyseal fusion.

A
  1. Elbow
  2. Hip
  3. Ankle
  4. Knee
  5. Wrist
46
Q

How do forensic anthropologists report the estimated height of an individual based on skeletal remains?

A

As a stature range

47
Q

Biological determination

A

Term that describes the idea that most human characteristics are determined by genes

48
Q

What is the disadvantage of using non-metric (as opposed to metric) approaches to ancestry to estimation?

A

Less objective

49
Q

AncesTrees

A

Relies on a machine learning ensemble algorithm to classifiy the human skulls.

50
Q

What procedure may be used to make the skull/neck appear more feminine?

A

Bimaxillary osteotomy

51
Q

What biomarkers can be interpreted on signs of financial security.

A

Evidence of surgical interventions

52
Q

Based on Windburn a ( 2022 ) article, what does SCP stand for?

A

Structural Vulnerability Profile

53
Q

Confirmation Bias

A

Searching for evidence to back up first impressions

54
Q

Halo affect

A

Prcieved as having more positive traits than the others

55
Q

Conformity bias

A

Changing opinions to conform with the group

56
Q

In the study conducted by Nakhaeizadeh et al. (2019), the participants were asked to use ___ traits to determine the elements of the biological profile.

A

Non-meteric

57
Q

What type of bias was demonstrated in the video “The Most Common Cognitive Bias”?

A

Confirmation bias

58
Q

True or False
According to the video, “The Most Common Cognitive Bias,” you can never prove a theory true.

A

True

59
Q

The tibia is ___ to thr femur

A

Distal

60
Q

Where is the frontal part of the skull?

A

Forhead

61
Q

Where is the sphenoid part of the skull located?

A

Temple area of the skull

62
Q

Sagital suture

A

If looking at the skull from above is the two halves of the skull, between the parietal bones.

63
Q

Cuboid bone

A

Cube shaped bone of the foot under the ankle on the side of the pinky toe.

64
Q

Fibula

A

The outer, smaller bone of the lower leg

65
Q

Tibia

A

Larger of tbe lower leg bones, toward your inner part of your body

66
Q

What is the sagital plane

A

Divides the body into left and right sides

67
Q

Gender

A

Concept that is fluid and limitless and can be considered an invention or idea that both expresses and represses identities.

68
Q

Identifying a female skull

A

Smaller, lighter, rounded forehead, smooth brow ridge, round eye sockets, sharper upper eye margins, pointed chin, and sloping angle of the jaw.

69
Q

Identify a male skull

A

Larger, heavier skull, sloping forehead, prominant brow ridge, squarer eye sockets, blunt upper eye margins, square chin, and vertic angle of the jaw.

70
Q

True or False
In order to estimate stature (height), anthropologists must have a complete skeleton.

A

False

71
Q

Populations nesr the equator exhibit longer appendages.

A

This is an example of the ecological rule of ALLEN

72
Q

In order to estimate stature…

A

You must first know ANCESTRY

73
Q

Race

A

Term used to describe a social construct based on physical attributes

74
Q

Ancestry

A

Term used to indicate a common line of geographic genetic decent.

75
Q

Population affinity

A

Term used to describe a statistical approach based on the underlyining population structure.

76
Q

True or False
One of the major reasons forensic anthropologists feel the need to determine race/ancestery of skeletal remains is to facilitate identification and allow searches of/for missing persons.

A

True

77
Q

FORDISC

A

Used measurement data to calculate discriminate function

78
Q

Geometric morphometerics

A

Statistical analysis of form based on Carteisan landmark coordinates

79
Q

What biomarkers of structural vulnerability profile is due to lack of dental/medical care?

A
  1. Isolated, improperly set fractures
  2. Dental pathological conditions
  3. Severe/untreated manageable chronic skeletal conditions
  4. Active skeletal infections
80
Q

What biomarkers of a structural vulnerability profile is due to episodic stress during growth and development?

A
  1. Crainofacial assymestry
  2. Enamel defects
81
Q

The SVP is being developed based on a tool that was developed in which was developed in which anthropological disipline?

A

Medical anthropology

82
Q

Affinity bias

A

Hiring people the same as ourselves

83
Q

Beauty bias

A

Judging people based on how they look

84
Q

Attributing bias

A

How we prcieve the actions of others

85
Q

In the study conducted by Nakhaeizadeh et al. (2014), which aspects of the biological profile were shown to be influenced by context when examining the skeletal remains?

A
  1. Ancestry
  2. Sex

Forensic Anthropology (1 decks)

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