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Computer Networking > Midterm > Flashcards

Midterm Flashcards

1
Q

T/F - UDP Protocol implements RDT.

A

False - unreliable, connectionless transport layer service

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2
Q

T/F - A Network is a system for connecting multiple computers using a single transmission technology.

A

True

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3
Q

Which delay is occurs during transit time between nodes?

A

Propagation Delay

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4
Q

What is the internet?

A

A computer network that interconnects computing devices.

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5
Q

What devices reside in the network core?

A

Routers, Packet Switches

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6
Q

What devices reside in the network edge?

A

PCs, Printers, Smart Phones, Servers, etc.

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7
Q

What is a Time-Division Multiplexing (TDM) link?

A

A link of a circuit-switched network that divides up connections based on time (e.g. 0.1ms alotted to connection #1 of 10).

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8
Q

What is a Frequency-Division Multiplexing (FDM) link?

A

Used in circuit-switched networks, it divides up the connections of a link across the frequency (hz) spectrum.

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9
Q

What is a silent period in a circuit-switched network?

A

If a connected user is not using their allotted bandwidth.

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10
Q

T/F - the internet is a network of networks.

A

True.

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11
Q

Is the internet core packet-switched or circuit-switched?

A

Packet-switched

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12
Q

What is a store-and-forward network?

A

A packet switch must receive the full packet before transmitting out.

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13
Q

Signal Attenuation effects _____ more than _____.

A

Unguided Media / Guided Media

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14
Q

At the transport layer, what is the payload?

A

Application data

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15
Q

Which layer is responsible for finding the destination IP address?

A

Application Layer

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16
Q

What are the 7 layers of OSI layering model?

A

Layer 7 = Application Layer
Layer 6 = Presentation Layer
Layer 5 = Session Layer
Layer 4 = Transport Layer
Layer 3 = Network Layer
Layer 2 = Link Layer
Layer 1 = Physical Layer

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17
Q

What is packet spoofing?

A

Using someone else’s IP address to send info into the internet.

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18
Q

What is multiplexing?

A

Merging multiple communications streams into the same media.

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19
Q

A paired ip address and port number is called a _____.

A

Socket

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20
Q

What are some application-layer protocols?

A

Telnet, FTP, POP3, DNS, SSH

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21
Q

Protocol ________ allows multiple protocols to work together.

A

Interoperability

22
Q

Which endian has smallest byte first?

A

Little Endian… 6F4A is written as 4A6F

23
Q

Which endian representation is used for network comms?

A

Big Endian.

24
Q

A pair of sockets is called a __________.

A

Connection

25
Q

Live-streaming video would likely use ____ as its transport layer protocol.

A

UDP

26
Q

What is the reserved port for HTTP?

A

Port 80.

27
Q

What are the two pull protocols for email?

A

POP3 and IMAP

28
Q

What does HTTP utilize for caching?

A

Conditional GET

29
Q

Does an FTP server maintain client states?

A

Yes

30
Q

Reserved port for SMTP

A

25

31
Q

What are two FTP ports?

A

Control port = 21. Data port = 20.

32
Q

Transport layer manages communications from _____ to _____.

A

Process to Process

33
Q

HTTP implements caching using a _____ protocol check.

A

TCP

34
Q

Network layer manages communications from ________ to ________?

A

Host to Host

35
Q

What is TCP Receiver Action after receiving an in-order segment with expected sequence number. All data up to seq num allready ACK’d?

A

Delayed ACK. Wait up to 500ms for next segment. If next segment doesn’t arrive, send ACK.

36
Q

What is min and max TCP header size

A

20 BYTES/ 60 BYTES

37
Q

What is maximum UDP Header size?

A

8 bytes

38
Q

What ACK scheme has ACKs that only verify the ACK’d segment?

A

Selective Acknowledgement Scheme

39
Q

What ACK scheme has ACK’s that verify all segments prior to the ACK’d segment have been received?

A

Cumulative Acknowledgement Scheme

40
Q

A TCP fast-retransmit will occur after….

A

3 duplicate ACK’s received for the same segment

41
Q

What is sequence of events for closing a TCP Connection?

A

Client sends segment with FIN bit set. Server responds with ACK. Server sends segment with FIN bit set. Client sends ACK of received segment.

42
Q

What are steps to initializing a TCP connection?

A

Client send segment with SYN bit set to 1. Server responds with SYN set to 1 and ACK set to Client’s SeqNum+1. Server responds with segment of SYN set to 0 and ACK set to Server’s SeqNum+1 (this segment can have payload).

43
Q

What is the best transport protocol to push data into the internet?

A

UDP

44
Q

The TCP sliding window is used to implement ___________.

A

Flow Control

45
Q

The TCP countdown timer is used to implement ___________.

A

Reliable Data Transmission

46
Q

What does TCP receiver do if it receives an out-of-order segment with higher than-expected sequence number?

A

Immediately send duplicate ACK indiciated seq num of next expected byte.

47
Q

What does TCP receiver do if it receives an in-order segment with expected sequence number, with one other in-order segment waiting for ACK?

A

Immediately send single cumulative ACK, ACK-ing both in order segments.

48
Q

What are fields in the UDP header?

A

Length, Destination Port, Source Port, Checksum.

49
Q

A _____________ type retransmission will retransmit one segment at a time upon a countdown timer interrupt.

A

selective retransmission

50
Q
A

Computer Networking (2 decks)

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