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Speaking truth > Midterm > Flashcards

Midterm Flashcards

1
Q

How did workers obtain job security and the SER in Post War

A
  1. Organized unions
    Even when they didn’t have the right to do so
    Job security
  2. Strikes
    Industrial democracy
    Industrial legality
    Major manufacturing sectors
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2
Q

Generational Differences in Work

Post World War II - Standard Employment Relationship

A
  • steady employment
  • unionized workers = degree of fairness
  • permanent employment
  • social norms and practices
  • investing in workers
  • social entitlements
  • workers invest in workers
  • male breadwinner model
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3
Q

Generational Differences in Work

1975 to the Present - Working without Commitments (WWC)

A
  • Less likely to have benefits, pensions
  • New contract = new terms
  • Fewer legal rights
  • Excluded from workplace social functions
  • Less likely to develop relationship in the workplace
  • Sometimes unclear who the employer is
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4
Q

The Negative Effects of Precarious Work on Vulnerable Workers

Physical and Mental Health

A

greater risk of injury and illness
- lack of experience/training; reprisals
effect of low income
- long hours; effect of food and transportation
job insecurity and stress
- no advanced notice; split shifts; on-call
- Job-strain
- Loneliness; job satisfaction
barriers to access medical treatment and medicine
- lack of health benefits and sick days; ignore injury and illness

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5
Q

The Negative Effects of Precarious Work on Vulnerable Workers

Family and Community Relationships

A

effect of working multiple jobs; unpredictable hours ⍯ family time and socializing

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6
Q

The Negative Effects of Precarious Work on Vulnerable Workers

Training and Education

A
  • lack access to training
  • many avaliable only to those on EI
  • Time
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7
Q

The Negative Effects of Precarious Work on Vulnerable Workers

Aging

A
  • Lack of savings/pension; need to continue working
  • health risks
  • women
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8
Q

The Negative Effects of Precarious Work on Vulnerable Workers

Intergenerational Costs

A

impact of poverty on children
- food and education
- limits on family time
- high rate of intergenerational mobility (20% to 25%)

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9
Q

Bullshit Jobs

A
  • anthropologist, David Graeber
  • people work at jobs that aren’t necessary; not productive jobs, but professional, managerial, clerical, service work
  • Why does this continue?
  • self-fulfilment = consumerism
  • market reflects the interests of the 1%

Result: psychological violence = dignity of labour and resentment of workers who actually “make” or “do”

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10
Q

How do our responses ‘fit’ in society?

A

**Gender **– female/male labour; paid/unpaid/adaptive labour; part- time/full-time work; personal/family circumstances
agency, structure, and resistance
Class –skilled/unskilled; white collar/blue collar; professional/artistic
**Age **– work/leisure; employment/unemployment; work/life balance; experience/inexperience
Race/Ethnicity – good jobs/bad jobs; opportunity/lack of opportunity; diversity/lack of diversity

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11
Q

Defining Precarious Employment

A
  • Ready to break at any time
  • A condition defined by factors: low control of labour process, lack of protection from contracts or labour laws, low wages low job security
  • Contract work
  • Inconsistent hours, pay and overall work
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12
Q

Precarious vs Bad Jobs: What is the Difference?

A
  • precariousness exists on a continuum
  • it limited to workers in non- standard employment relationships = full-time
  1. low income = less than 1.5 times the minimum wage (33%)
  2. no pension plan (50%)
  3. small-sized firm (20%)
  4. no union coverage (75%)
  • 33% of jobs in Canada are precarious
  • sectors of the labour market that have been stable
    universities; unionized manufacturing; self-employment
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13
Q

Identifying Vulnerable Workers

Women and Single Parents

A
  • 68% (2021) of Ontario women employed; but 72% in permanent part-time work
  • over represented in lowest income groups
  • fast food part-time/temporary work
  • choice = family/care responsibilities
  • illusory employer/society fail to accommodate
  • historical implications = male breadwinner wage
  • reliance on men for wages, benefits; permanent relationships
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14
Q

Identifying Vulnerable Workers

Racialized Persons

A

higher rates of unemployment and employment security (women)
poverty and segregation

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15
Q

Identifying Vulnerable Workers

2SLGHTQI+ Persons

A

more likely to live in poverty and work low income/low wage jobs ¤ higher rates of unemployment and homelessness (esp. trans workers)
more likely to be the result of abuse

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16
Q

Identifying Vulnerable Workers

Newcomers to Canada and Established Immigrants

A
  • 10% of Ontario workers; 16% temporary workers
  • historical implications = high education; low educational requirements (28% men and 44% women) now generational = deskilling
  • particularly hard on families; second-class status
  • refugee status = more precarious; lasting
  • language barriers; workers’ rights and health and safety
17
Q

Identifying Vulnerable Workers

Temporary Migrant Workers

A
  • 1⁄2 million in Canada; 6,000 in Leamington a year
  • skilled, unskilled, seasonal agricultural workers, caregivers
  • 8 month contracts
  • farmer’s ability to “name workers”
  • silences workers rights
  • higher risk to: injury, sexual harassment,
    exploitative recruitment practices
  • lack permanent status
18
Q

Identifying Vulnerable Workers

Indigenous Persons

A

high rates of unemployment off reserve; widening gap
- youth = educational gap; economic; social and health

19
Q

Identifying Vulnerable Workers

persons with disabilities

A
  • high rates of unemployment
  • temporary, part-time work; lower salaries (not equal to others’ wages $13,000), lack of benefits
  • systemic discrimination; little choice but to accept precarity
  • Accessibility for Ontarians with Disabilities Act = notified of accommodations during hiring
20
Q

Identifying Vulnerable Workers

Youth (15-25)

A
  • high rates of unemployment; non-standard employment
  • 50% part-time; over represented in temporary work
    unpaid internships; lower minimum wage ($13.15/hour)
    health and safety concerns
21
Q

Identifying Vulnerable Workers

Non-Status/Undocumented Workers

A

highly vulnerable; ESA and OHS

22
Q

Karl Marx and the Theory of Alienation

Alienation from the products of labour

A
  • worker receives wage; employer maintains power
  • capitalist production not defined by workers’ needs, but employer’s profits increases
  • political and economic divide between workers and capitalists
23
Q

Karl Marx and the Theory of Alienation

alienation from the work process

A

cede ability to determine intensity and duration of work employer decides whether or not work will be performed

24
Q

Karl Marx and the Theory of Alienation

Self-estrangement

A

there should be purpose in work; a means of self-expression and self-development when work is not; it becomes a means to an end

25
Q

estrangement of humans from their own essence or nature

A

humans distinct from all other species in that they have the capacity to both conceptualize and execute work

26
Q

Karl Marx and the Theory of Alienation

alienation/estrangement from other people

A

workers must competitively sell their labour to survive; creates divisions within the working class most notably along the lines of sex, age, race, and ethnicity

27
Q

Karl Marx and the Theory of Alienation

A few notes on Marx’s Theory of Alienation:

A

alienation always entails a notion of human estrangement
the source of alienation is seen as residing in the social structure, rather than in individual personalities
It’s society,not you!

Speaking truth (1 decks)

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