Midterm Flashcards
What is a hobby?
An activity done regularly in one’s leisure time for pleasure
What is a job?
A paid position of regular employmenta task or piece of work, especially one that is paid
What is kinesiology?
Kinesiology is the scientific study of human movement, performance and function. The practice of kinesiology incorporates the sciences of biomechanics, anatomy and physiology, and considers neuroscience and psychosocial factors. Kinesiologists use evidence-based research to treat and prevent injury and disease, and to improve movement and performance. Kinesiologists work with people of all ages and physical abilities in many settings to help them achieve their health and wellness goals and improve quality of life. Some areas of kinesiology practice include:
- health promotion
- injury rehabilitation
- chronic disease management
- ergonomics and workplace safety
- fitness and athletics
- return to work planning and disability management
- public health
Where do kinesiologists work?
- Community care
- Family health teams
- Hospitals
- Rehabilitation and wellness clinics
- Insurance, health and safety consultancy firms
- Nursing and long-term care homes
- Health and fitness clubs
- Private practice
- Academia
- School boards
- Public health units
What are the 10 traits required to be an entrepreneur?
- Self-confidence - in yourself and your idea
- Independence & self-motivation
- Ambitious
- Self-disciplined & organized
- Resourceful
- Flexible
- Thorough
- Hardworking & committed
- Realistic mindset
- Determined & persistent
What are some small business survival tips?
- Develop a good marketing and business plan that takes into account customer needs, competition, pricing and promotional strategies.
- Have a good working knowledge of business law, tax regulations.
- Understand your business finances, such as cash flow and handling credit.
- Know your market and define how much of it you will be able to capture.
- Make sure you are offering a product that is unique and competitive.
- Don’t under-estimate your expenses and over-estimate your revenue.
- Make sure you have some cash reserves or a line of credit to help you get through slow periods.
What are the 7 steps to starting a small business?
- Come up with a good business idea
- Choose a name for your business
- Do market research
- Create a business plan
- Register for GST/HST
- Get business insurance
- Find small business financing
- Choose a form of business ownership
What do we want a business name to be?
- Memorable & easy to spell
- Integrate a visual element
- Add a positive connotation (emotional meaning)
- Make your business objective clear (include info about what your business does)
- Keep it fairly short (use a numeral)
When doing market research what questions do we need to ask?
o Who is your customer? Where are they located?
o What are the industry trends? Emerging markets? Gaps in the market? Are there additional products and services you can offer?
o Who are the competitors in your market?
When must you register for GST/HST?
- If your new small business’s gross income exceeds $30,000, you will have to register for GST/HST.
- Even if you’re not making much money to start, though, you may want to register for GST/HST immediately because of Input Tax Credits, which are basically your way of getting back the GST/HST your business has paid out on purchases for business use.
What are types of insurance a business might need?
- Possible types: property (for clinic location), general liability (in addition to professional liability), disability (yours), business interruption, business vehicle coverage, product liability insurance
- Home based businesses may need additional property insurance as many home insurance policies do not cover slip and falls etc. by patients/customers
Content insurance
What is a split?
- The clinic/facility bills the patients and then you bill them for a percentage of the money collected
- You must bill the clinic/facility for your percentage of the work and HST
- You claim only the money you collect from the clinic/facility on your income tax
- What do you think is a fair split? Try not to go below 30%.
- Are there opportunities for this to change over time?
- If I am the one collecting the money, then you keep track of everything and you pay the facility the percent agreed upon.
- A split is a good idea when you start out b/c you are only paying the other business the % of profits you make. Only paying someone when you are making money as well. When you become quite busy this means you are paying more than you would if you were renting the space for a flat fee.
What is a rental agreement?
- You collect money directly from the client and then pay the clinic
- This can be a set amount per week/month or a “split”
- However, you must claim all money collected from the patients on your income tax and then use the rent paid out as a deduction
- Need to consider what is involved in the rent. If it’s just a space maybe you pay less rent vs if it’s the rental of the space plus towels, booking system, laundry, cleaning equipment then rent would be a lot higher.
- Typical you handle all the money. You claim everything including HST.
- Can have your payment schedule with the government of Canada set up quarterly, annually or semi-annually. If your quarter is due would look at all the patients you saw and all the HST you got, you would deduct the HST you paid out (to rental) from the HST you collected from your patients and let them know how much HST you have and submit that to them.
What is a contract?
- You agree to work for a set period of time or on a set task
- Then agreement comes to an end and is renewed if desired/necessary
- But you are operating your own business and doing your own thing
- The contract has a dollar value and needs to have a clear start and end date as well as a set task that is arranged. This can be renewed but it needs to be clear there is a start and end date. At the end of the contract you can renew and continue offering services to the chiro office for a specified fee or you can choose not to and move your business elsewhere.
Advantages of a home/mobile business
- It can be less expensive than renting or buying commercial space
- there may be possible tax deductions you can claim, (for example, a portion of property taxes, utilities, repairs and maintenance, home insurance and a portion of your mortgage interest or rent)
- more flexibility with your hours
- This way you control when you see people.
What are some tips for home based businesses?
- Review provincial and federal health, safety and taxation regulations related to your business.
- Check municipal by-laws and determine whether your area is zoned for operating a business, particularly if you plan to deal with the public or have non-family-members working out of your home.
- Designate a specific area of your residence as your workspace (as removed as possible from the ebb and flow of your household activities).
- Try not to let chores or other distractions take you away from your work and interrupt your productivity.
- Avoid letting the less formal setting interfere with your professionalism.
- Be available to your clients by keeping a consistent schedule and getting back to them in a timely fashion.
How do you know if you should really be an employee?
6 things the CRA looks for?
o Control over the worker (doesn’t matter if the control is exercised or not)
o Ownership of tools and equipment
o Subcontracting work or hiring assistants
o Degree of financial risk taken by the worker
o Responsibility for investment and management held by the worker
o Worker’s opportunity for profit and loss
What are the employer penalties for pretending to be a self-contractor?
- CPP and EI employer and employee contributions for the current and previous year
- 10% penalty on the total assessment and interest of approximately prime plus 1% from the date each of the contributions were due
What are the employee penalties for pretending to be a self-contractor?
- Personal back-taxes if unpaid
- As a worker the write offs you have been doing, collection of HST is no longer applicable and pushes you into a personal income bracket and it might impact the taxes that you owe.
What makes us happy in a job?
- The way in which we work
- The people
- The environment
If an employee have no control over these things!
What is a sole proprietorship?
- Business owned/operated by one person
- Owner makes any decisions, receives any profits, claims any losses
- Personally liable for the business
- Business financial activity reported on personal income tax return
- Your business is not a separate body to you – are the same person.
- One downside is the fact that you are in theory legally responsible personally for all the functions and debts of the business that come up. If someone sues you are in theory responsible for your business.
- It is the easiest start
Advantages of a sole proprietorship
- Easy and inexpensive to register
- Regulatory burden is generally light
- You have direct control of decision making
- Minimal working capital required for start-up
- Some tax advantages if your business is not doing well (for example, deducting your losses from your personal income, and a lower tax bracket when profits are low)
- All profits go to you directly
Disadvantages of a sole proprietorship
- Unlimited liability (if you have business debts, claims can be made against your personal assets to pay them off)
- Income is taxable at your personal rate and, if your business is profitable, this could put you in a higher tax bracket
- Lack of continuity for your business if you are unavailable
- Can be difficult to raise capital on your own
What is a partnership?
- Business owned and operated by two or more people
- Partners jointly make decisions, receive profits, claim losses and are jointly liable for the business
- Business financial activity is reported on each partner’s personal income tax return
- Should have a partnership agreement in place (establishes terms of partnership and helps resolve/avoid disputes in future)