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AP World History Modern > Midterm > Flashcards

Midterm Flashcards

1
Q

Renaissance

A

Period of rebirth of art and learning in Europe lasting from about 1300 to 1600

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2
Q

Humanism

A

Focus on human potential and achievements

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3
Q

Secular

A

Concerned with worldly rather than spiritual matters

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4
Q

Vernacular

A

Use of native language instead of classical Latin

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5
Q

Johann Gutenberg

A

German craftsman who developed the printing press

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6
Q

Indulgence

A

Release from punishments due for a sin

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7
Q

Reformation

A

16th century movement for religious reform, leading to the founding of new Christian churches

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8
Q

Protestant

A

Member of a Christian church founded on the principles of the Reformation

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9
Q

Catholic Reformation

A

16th century movement in which the Roman Catholic Church sought to make changes in response to the Protestant Reformation

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10
Q

Jesuits

A

Members of the Society of Jesus, a Roman Catholic order founded by Ignatius Loyola

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11
Q

Council of Trent

A

A meeting of Roman Catholic leaders to rule on doctrines criticized by the Protestant reformers

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12
Q

Ghazis

A

Warriors for Islam

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13
Q

Osman

A

Successful ghazi who built a small state in Anatolia

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14
Q

Sultans

A

Rulers of Muslim states

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15
Q

Mehmed II

A

Conqueror who made Istanbul his capital

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16
Q

Suleyman the Lawgiver

A

Ruler who brought Ottoman Empire to its height

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17
Q

Devshirme

A

Policy for creating the sultan’s army

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18
Q

Jamissary

A

Soldier slave drawn from conquered Christian Territories

19
Q

Safavid

A

Member of a Shi’a Muslim dynasty that built an empire in Persia

20
Q

Shah

A

Persian title meaning king

21
Q

Mughal

A

One of the nomads who invaded the Indian subcontinent in the 16th century and established a powerful empire there

22
Q

Dutch East India Company

A

Dutch company that established and directed trade throughout Asia

23
Q

Tokugawa Shogunate

A

Dynasty that ruled Japan from 1603 to 1868

24
Q

Christopher Columbus

A

Italian navigator who landed in the Americas

25
Q

Colony

A

Land controlled by another nation

26
Q

Hernando Cortés

A

Conquistador who defeated the Aztec

27
Q

Conquistadors

A

Spanish explorers in the Americas

28
Q

Francisco Pizarro

A

Conquistador who defeated the Inca

29
Q

Mestizo

A

Person of mixed Spanish and Native American blood

30
Q

Encomienda

A

System of mining and farming using natives as slave labor

31
Q

Atlantic Slave Trade

A

Buying and selling of Africans for work in the Americas

32
Q

Triangular Trade

A

European trade between the Americas, Africa, and Europe involving slaves and other goods

33
Q

Middle Passage

A

Voyage that brought captured Africans to the West Indies and the Americas

34
Q

Columbian Exchange

A

Global trade of food, plants, and animals during the colonization of Americas

35
Q

Mercantilism

A

Economic policy for increasing wealth and power by obtaining large amounts of gold and silver and selling more goods that are bought

36
Q

Absolute Monarch

A

King or queen with complete control

37
Q

Divine Right

A

Idea that a ruler receives the right to rule from God

38
Q

Louis XIV

A

French king who was an absolute monarch

39
Q

Scientific Revolution

A

New way of thinking about the natural world based on careful observation and a willingness to question

40
Q

Heliocentric Theory

A

Theory that the sun is at the center of the universe

41
Q

Geocentric Theory

A

View which held that the earth was the center of the universe

42
Q

Galileo Galilei

A

Scientist who was forced by the Catholic Church to take back scientific ideas that disagreed with the church’s view

43
Q

Scientific Method

A

Logical procedure for gathering and testing ideas

AP World History Modern (1 decks)

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