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AERODYNAMICS > MIDTERM > Flashcards

MIDTERM Flashcards

1
Q

When a fluid is in motion, it must move in such a way that mass is conserved.

A

CONTINUITY EQUATION

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2
Q

can neither be created
nor destroyed.

A

Mass

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3
Q

As long as the flow is steady, the mass that flows through the cross-section at point 1 must be the same as the mass
that flows through the cross section at point 2

A

CONTINUITY EQUATION

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4
Q

As long as the flow is steady, the mass that flows through the cross-section at point 1 must be _______ as the mass that flows through the cross section at point 2

A

the same

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5
Q

Since the mass at point 1 is the same at point 2.

A

CONTINUITY EQUATION

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6
Q

Sound waves travel through the air at a definite speed

A

speed of sound

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7
Q

This is obvious from natural observation; a lightning bolt is observed in the distance, and the thunder is heard some time later

A

SPEED OF SOUND

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8
Q

The _______________ in a perfect gas depends only on the temperature of the
gas.

A

speed of sound

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9
Q

is a function of the
temperature.

A

Speed of sound

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10
Q

is the flow velocity
divided by the speed of sound.

A

MACH NUMBER

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11
Q

Named after Ernst Mach

A

MACH NUMBER

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12
Q

As the speed of the object approaches the speed of sound, the flight __________ is nearly equal to 1, and the flow
is said to be transonic.

A

mach number

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13
Q

0-0.8

A

Subsonic

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14
Q

0.81-1.2

A

Transonic

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15
Q

1

A

Sonic

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16
Q

1.21-5.0

A

Supersonic

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17
Q

5.1-25.0

A

Hypersonic

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18
Q

> 25.1

A

Ultrasonic

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19
Q

are large tubes with air
moving inside.

A

Wind tunnels

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20
Q

The ________ are used to copy the actions of an object in flight.

A

tunnels

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21
Q

Researchers use _______ to learn more about how an aircraft will fly.

A

wind tunnels

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22
Q

is a device for testing aircraft and its components in a controlled airstream under laboratory conditions.

A

WIND TUNNELS

23
Q

Most of the time, powerful fans move air through the tube. The object to be tested is fastened in the tunnel so that it will not move.

A

WIND TUNNELS

24
Q

____________ can be placed in the air to observe
the movement of air.

A

Smoke or dye

25
Q

_________ and _______ put a model of an airplane in the tunnel and then study the way air moves around the model.

A

Scientists and Engineers

26
Q

The models are usually made out of steel or aluminum, that are tested and loaded with many instruments and sensors that report back to the computers in the control room.

A

WIND TUNNELS

27
Q

___________ use wind tunnels to test models of proposed aircraft.

A

Aerodynamicists

28
Q

In the _______,
the engineer can carefully control the flow
conditions which affect forces on the aircraft.

A

tunnel

29
Q

By the use of wind tunnels, we are able to explore the lift, drag, side force, pitching, rolling, and yawing moment of an aircraft.

A

FORCES

30
Q

_________ are designed for a specific purpose and speed range.

A

Wind tunnels

31
Q

different types of wind tunnels

A
  • Low-Speed
    Wind Tunnels
  • Transonic Wind
    Tunnels
  • Supersonic
    Wind Tunnels
  • Hypersonic
    Wind Tunnels
32
Q

are used form operations at very low Mach Number, with speeds in the test section up to 400 km/h
(M=0.3)

A

Low-speed wind tunnels

33
Q

These types of Wind tunnels are able to achieve speeds close to the speed of sound. The highest speed is reached in the test section.

A

Transonic Wind
Tunnels

34
Q

should produce
supersonic speeds (Mach numbers up to 5)

A

Supersonic wind tunnels

35
Q

achieved with an appropriate design of a convergent-divergent nozzle. When the sonic
speed is reached in throat, the flow accelerates in a nozzle supersonically

A

Supersonic Wind Tunnels

36
Q

is designed to generate a hypersonic flow field in the working section.

A

hypersonic wind tunnel

37
Q

As with supersonic wind tunnels, these types of tunnels must run intermittently with very high-pressure ratios when
initializing.

A

hypersonic wind tunnel

38
Q

In subsonic wind tunnels, a convenient way of measuring the pressure
difference (P1-P2)

A

MANOMETER

39
Q

is a measure of the purely random motion of molecules in the gas.

A

STATIC PRESSURE

40
Q

is due simply to the
random motion of the molecules.

A

STATIC PRESSURE

41
Q

can also be the pressure of the air around the aircraft at a certain point.

A

STATIC PRESSURE

42
Q

is related to the velocity of the air. It represents the kinetic energy per unit volume of a fluid due to its motion.

A

DYNAMIC PRESSURE

43
Q

is the measure of the impact pressure or “ram air” pressure caused by the forward motion of the aircraft through the air.

A

DYNAMIC PRESSURE

44
Q

is the sum of the free-stream dynamic pressure and free-stream static pressure.

A

TOTAL PRESSURE

45
Q

At a stagnation point, the fluid velocity is ____.

A

zero

46
Q

In the case where the fluid is ______, Total Pressure is also the same as the static pressure.

A

not moving

47
Q

The pitot tube was invented by a Frenchman,

A

Henri Pitot

48
Q

It is an instrument that measures the total pressure at a point in the flow.

A

PITOT TUBE

49
Q

The ___________ is obtained through a static port.

A

static pressure

50
Q

The ___________ is most often a flush-mounted hole on the fuselage of an
aircraft.

A

static port

51
Q

A ___________ is a system of pressure-sensitive instruments that is most often used in aviation.

A

Pitot-Static system

52
Q

It consists of a pitot tube, a static port, and the pitot-static instruments.

A

PITOT-STATIC SYSTEM

53
Q

The speed of these tunnels
varies from Mach 5 to 15.

A

Hypersonic wind tunnels

54
Q

________ travel through the air at a definite speed

A

Sound waves

AERODYNAMICS (1 decks)

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