Midterm Flashcards
lateral bud
A bud along the dorsal side of the stem, gives rise to new branches. Axillary to main leaves. Disappears at end of season.
winter bud
A bud along the ventral side of the stem, formed later than lateral buds, remain dormant until the next spring, then gives rise to next years crop.
What is Ampelography?
Identification and descriptions of grape varieties by studying the leaves, stems and roots. (i.e. Hair Density of the shoot tips, colour of the young leaves ect.)
Purpose of the Roots in the Grapevine?
Uptake water and nutrients
Leaves
Conduct photosynthesis and indicates vine health
Dormancy
Vine rests, requires temperatures below 50 degrees F to stay dormant
Budburst
Buds swell and open, requires temperatures above 50 degrees F
Flowering & Fruit Set
Impacted by warmth, sunlight, nutrients, adverse conditions can lead to coulure and millerandage
Ripening
Grapes accumulate sugar, tannin, color, aromas, and flavors develop
Phylloxera
Aphid-like insect that attacks vine roots, reduces yields and quality, all vines are grafted onto resistant rootstock
Exocarp
skin of fruit
outer layer of the pericarp
riparia
v phyllox resistant, humidity tolerant, weak not good for poor soils
rupestris
very vigorous, not best for quality, good in v weak soils
Chloroplast
An organelle found in plant and algae cells where photosynthesis occurs
What is needed for photosynthesis?
water + light + carbon dioxide
Stomata
Small openings on the underside of a leaf through which oxygen and carbon dioxide can move
Stroma
fluid portion of the chloroplast; outside of the thylakoids
Why is seed ripeness important?
Seeds have tannins that contribute to red wine