midterm

Question 1

intercultural communication offers the ability to ___ which is important as ____

Answer 1

offers the ability to deliver messages across cultures, which is important as the world gains closer contact with different cultures

Question 2

verbal messages

Answer 2

words used to communicate messages (speaking, writing)

Question 3

nonverbal communication

Answer 3

gestures that convey messages (body language, more universal)

Question 4

2 basic types of communication

Answer 4

verbal and nonverbal

Question 5

why is nonverbal communication so popular? (mr. bean)

Answer 5

shared experiences, common references

Question 6

what diagram did geert hofstede popularize?

Answer 6

culture onion

Question 7

which layers of the culture onion (geert hofstede) are flexible, and which are rigid?

Answer 7

outer layers are flexible, inner layers are much more rigid

Question 8

what are the layers of the culture onion? (4)

Answer 8

symbols , heroes, rituals and values

Question 9

what constitutes symbols? (culture onion)

Answer 9

visible elements
flags, brand names, traditional clothes, architecture or signs
(outer layer, flexible)

Question 10

what constitutes heroes? (culture onion)

Answer 10

role models of a culture that represent certain values of the culture
(outer layer, flexible)

Question 11

what constitutes rituals? (culture onion)

Answer 11

common traditions of a certain culture
(inner layer, more rigid)

Question 12

what constitutes values? (culture onion)

Answer 12

religious beliefs, hierarchies, democratic (or not) values
(inner layer, more rigid)

Question 13

what is cultural conflict?

Answer 13

different cultural beliefs or values clash

Question 14

what is intercultural competence?

Answer 14

the ability to respect and understand people across all barriers

Question 15

what are the 4 elements of the intercultural competence tree?

Answer 15

roots, trunk, branches and leaves

Question 16

what are roots? (tree)

Answer 16

culture (identity, values etc) and communication (language, dialogue etc)

Question 17

what is a trunk? (tree)

Answer 17

cultural diversity, human rights, intercultural dialogue

Question 18

what are branches? (tree)

Answer 18

operational steps (teaching, promoting, the enacting of intercultural competence

Question 19

what are leaves? (tree)

Answer 19

intercultural responsibility, literacy, resilience, creativity etc

Question 20

6 stages of intercultural competence

Answer 20

1. denial
2. polarisation
3. minimization
4. acceptance
5. adaptation
6. integration

Question 21

what is denial?

Answer 21

lack of awareness and interest in other cultures

Question 22

what is polarisation?

Answer 22

“us and them” mentality

Question 23

what is minimization?

Answer 23

desire to move beyond judgement, minimizing differences (colour blind is colour kind)

Question 24

what is acceptance?

Answer 24

aware of their own cultural identity and able to accept that there are other valuable ways of perceiving the world

Question 25

what is adaptation?

Answer 25

understanding and seeing value in other cultural models and adapting behaviour according to the situation

Question 26

what is integration?

Answer 26

integrating aspects of one’s own culture with alternative cultural perspectives

Question 27

3 communication models

Answer 27

1. linear
2. interactive
3. transactional

Question 28

are the following statements true or false?
1. culture affects perception
2. cultural norms influence behaviour
3. culture shapes personalities

Answer 28

all true

Question 29

what is counter-culture?

Answer 29

a kind of subculture- people whose norms and values clash with those of the prevalent culture (swing kids)