midterm Flashcards
Mississippian culture
Large-scale agriculture, larger populations (Indigenous peoples)
Beaver Wars
War between Indigenous groups over furs because of competitive fur trade
Papal Bull document
Legal document for colonization
New Spain
Spanish dominance in North America a century before Great Britain, Spanish Galleons (ships) used for international trade
New France
Québec, fur trading, fishing
British colonization
Why? Land titles and wealth in America
Virginia
Used as a corporate enterprise (letting it be in charge of parts of colonization); known for tobacco, slavery
Bacon’s Rebellion
In Virginia, moved onto Ind. people territory, wanted them out, governor refused, so they rebelled; led to racial tensions and slavery after it ended
New England
Puritans, settled in Plymouth and Massachusetts Bay; traditional mindset, families, church
Mayflower Compact
First legal document about government in North America
Witchcraft
Salem’s Trials; sexism (most women); fear due to recent changes in society; led to end of puritanism
Courts of Oyer and Terminer
Special courts for slaves and witches
Pequot War
Between Pequots and Puritans; Purit. moved into Pequot territory, created tensions; led to eradication of Pequot
Kieft’s War
War between New Netherlands and Ind. group; governor wanted to tax Ind. group, and also tensions over land; Dutch won
Metacom’s War
Metacom, an Ind. chief, also called King Philip; war because of mistreatment and colonization of Ind. people; ended badly for Ind. and stopped co-existence with them
English Civil War
War between supporters of Charles I (monarchy, Anglican) and those against; led to abolition of monarchy and execution of Charles AND creation of Commonwealth Republic
Stuart Revolution
Son of Charles I, Charles II, returns as King after Commonwealth; his son James II becomes King after and is Catholic (rebellions in colonies between Catho. and Protest.); led to English Bill of Rights (doc. of constitution)
Mercantilism
Maximizing exports and minimizing imports; protecting your trade; to build wealth
Navigation Act
Only British ships could export and import from the colonies (to supervise trade)
Slave Trade
Many from Kingdom of Kongo, through the Middle Passage; many worked on sugar plantations
Stono Rebellion
Largest rebellion from slaves in the colonies; failed
Nine Years’ War
Between France and the Grand Alliance (including G.B. and Spain) over land; France lost, treaty signed (which led to Spanish Succession War)
Spanish Succession War
After the Nine Years’ War; no clear heir to the Spanish throne, so war ensues
Seven Years’ War
First “global war”; included all imperial powers like France, G.B, Prussia; Europeans over the control of North America; ended with the Treaty of Paris (ex.: Battle of Québec, where British won against French)
Stamp Act Crisis
G.B. has high debt; puts tax on all paper documents from its colonies; protests over it (led to Tea Act)
Tea Act
Act to help East Indian Company, which helped British economy a lot (which was struggling at the time); E.I.C. had now monopoly on tea sales to colonies; this defeated and angered merchants; led to Boston Tea Party where they destroyed E.I.C. tea
American War of Indepence
Patriots under George Washington vs loyalists for G.B.; Patriots won; Two continental congresses (meetings with all colonies), on the second one Declaration of Independence signed
