Midterm Flashcards
What is a SOP?
= concise description, in broad terms, non-exclusive terms, of the activities and areas of professional practice
- Does not list specific tasks or procedures
what is the CSEP SOP?
Apparently healthy individuals or those with one stable health condition who are able to exercise independently
Apparently healthy individual is…?
Has not been diagnosed with any medical condition and does not have any overt signs and symptoms
You are interviewing for a position as a personal trainer at a local gym. The manager has concerns that, as a CSEP CPT, you will not be able to run their morning boot camp class which consists of HIIT training. With reference to the CSEP CPT SOP, how would you respond?
Rounding measurements for height and weight
height = 0.5cm
Weight = 0.1kg
What does pre-screening do and the tools used
minimize risk
- informed consent
- pre-participation screening (GAQ/PARQ+)
- MSK screening
Qualified Exercise Professional (QEP) legal guidelines
- Negligence
- cause of injury from a legal perspective
- standard of care
- liability exposure
- Risk management + mitigation strategies
Negligence
Failure to do something or doing something that a prudent professional would NOT have done
‘careless’ conduct by wither failure to act, or improper actions by the QEP
Cause of injury from a legal perspective
a. inherent risk (inseparable from the activity)
b. Ordinary negligence (failure to meet SOC)
c. Gross negligence (prior knowledge of risk but reckless)
d. product defect/ product liability
Standard of Care
provide ‘reasonably safe’ program + services for their customers
- taking precautions for ‘foreseeable’ health and injury risks
Facility and Equipment
surroundings, environmental hazards, clear view of safety precaution signs, maintain equipment, EAP
Physical activity Readiness Screening
- pre-assessment instructions
- informed consent
- GAQ
- Observations
- resting HR and BP
Informed Consent
Required for CSEP-CPT
signed by personal trainer, patient and a third party
Nominal Scales
- Qualitative
- ‘named’ category
- most basic measurement scales
- provides information about a difference
Ordinal Scale
Qualitative
ordered categories but with no indication of how much better one score is than another
Interval or Ratio scales
Both: Quantitative, obtain all of the properties of ordinal measures
Interval = scores may be <0
Ratio = -ve score is not possible
Normal Distribution
Symmetrical distribution of data
most subjects in the middle
frequency of scores declines at extreme ends
Mean, median and mode should fall between= - 34.1% | +34.1%
~68% fall w/in 1 SD
Correlation (R)
what variables are related
indicates amount of relationship but does not indicate cause of relationship
r in between -1.00 and +1.00
Evaluation correlation (R) size
+1 = pefect +ve corr.
-1 = perfect -ve corr.
0 = no corr
+/- 0.5-0.7 = low corr
+/- 0.7-0.8 = mod. corr
+/- 0.8> = strong corr
Validity
accuracy of measure or HOW WELL the results measure what they are supposed too
Types: Criterion (gold standard), concurrent (how repeatable), and face validity (does it look like what it measures)
Reliability
How repeatable are the results
reliability coefficient = 0.9
Validity coefficient (r)
relationship between scores of test to criterion scores
r should be >/ +/- 0.8 to be considered a valid test
Can a test be valid if it’s not reliable?
Yes, but a test can not be reliable if its not valid
Different types of Fat
Essential fat: (required for body function)
male = 3-4%
female = 8-12%
Storage fat (adipose tissue)
Fat mass (essential + storage)
Lean body mass (LBM) = essential fat
Fat free mass
FFM = LBM - essential fat
2 Compartment vs Multiple compartment model
2 compartment = Fat + fat free mass
Multiple compartment = Fat + water + protein + Bone/Mineral
DIRECT Method to assess body composition
chemically analyzing post mortem
INDIRECT Method to assess body composition
Quantitative assumptions
gold standard = densitometry (underwater weighting) and dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA)
DOUBLY INDIRECT Method to assess body composition
against indirect measures
equation developed to predict body density or % body fat from technique
EX. BIA, anthropometry (skin folds)
Critiquing the body comp assessment test
valid?
reliable?
accurate results?
norms available?
easy to do? can you do it on your own?
equipment?
Anthropometry measurements
predict body density, % body fat, or FFM
assess regional adiposity and Health risk
CPT:
- weight and height
- body mass index
- waist girth
others:
- girths
- skinfolds
Oxygen Consumption (VO2)
volume of VO2 used by the body under given conditions
can be measured at rest, submax exercise or during max exercise
VO2 max
measured during max exercise
max volume of O2 one can consume during exhausting exercise or max rate of O2 utilization of muscles during exercise
Maximum aerobic power
best index for aerobic fitness
Absolute vs relative Vo2
absolute = total volume taken into body
Relative = volume of O2 taken into the body relative to body weight
(weight x VO2)
2 components of cardiac output
heart rate and stroke volume
involved in transport of VO2
Criteria to determine if test reached a VO2 max
Achieve 2 of there (has to be #1 and something else):
1. plateau with inc. PO
2. RER > 1.10
3. Failure of HR to incr w/ incr PO
4. Post-test blood lactate concentration >8 mmol/L
5. exercising to voluntary exhaustion (RPE <17)
VO2 Max vs VO2 peak
VO2 max = plateaus at least 2 other criteria reached
VOpeak = does not plateau but other criteria is reached
Max vs Submax exercise testing
factors to consider when deciding which test to do:
reason for test, client training status, risk level of the client, availability of appropriate equipment and personnel
Max testing is not always feasible so we often rely on submax exercise tests to predict VO2max
Direct tests for Aerobic Tests
graded exercise test using metabolic cart to measure VO2max (most valid)
Equipment:
Metabolic measurement system, Ergometer, Hr monitor, Barometer
Indirect tests for Aerobic Tests
using equations
still requires maximal effort
Ex. Modified Bruce, balke, 20m shuttle run
Indirect Submaximal tests for CSEP CPT
Rockport 1 mile walk, mCAFT, YMCA cycle test, Ebbeling treadmill protocol
