Midterm

Question 1

sexism

Answer 1

discrimination based on sex or gender

Question 2

identity

Answer 2

individual’s sense of self based on the social groups they belong to

Question 3

privilege

Answer 3

a right/advantage granted to a particular person/group

Question 4

oppression

Answer 4

state of being subject to unjust treatment/control

Question 5

target (in terms of oppression)

Answer 5

members of social identity groups that are discriminated against by an oppressor

Question 6

dominant (in terms of oppression)

Answer 6

a group backed by social and institutional power

Question 7

socialization (and cycle of socialization)

Answer 7

process where people are taught to be members of society

First socialization: family
institutional + cultural socialization: teachers/churches/TV/songs/language/media
enforcements: rewards + punishments/discrimination/empowerment
results: silence/guilt/dehumanization/stress/internalization
direction for change: take a stand/educate/question/reframe
actions: do nothing/dont make waves

Question 8

micro/meso/macro identity

Answer 8

micro: personal identity, within the self
meso: within a community
macro: world identity

Question 9

ageism

Answer 9

discrimination based on old age

Question 10

adultism

Answer 10

belief that adults are superior to youths

Question 11

social construction

Answer 11

many realities are created and maintained by social processes + interactions, not actually real (gender)

Question 12

microaggressions

Answer 12

statement/incident regarded as indirect/subtle discrimination against members of a marginalized group

Question 13

classism

Answer 13

prejudice against people belonging to a particular social class
remember:
classism myths: America has a just system
poverty: state of being extremely poor
student bubble: amount of student loan debt

Question 14

5 stages of oppression

Answer 14

exploitation: pushing marginalized people aside to benefit from their work
marginalization: treatment of a person/group as insignificant
powerlessness: those in the marginalized group begin to feel as though they cannot do anything about their situation
cultural oppression: oppressing/outlawing (depending on situation) a group’s culture
violence: violence against a marginalized group

Question 15

intersectionality

Answer 15

interconnected nature of class, race, gender, etc. (my being a woman is affected by my sexuality)

Question 16

prejudice

Answer 16

preconceived opinion not based on reason or experience

Question 17

patriarchy/feminism

Answer 17

system of society where men hold the power
advocacy of women’s rights based on equality for all (can be different for others based on intersectionality)

Question 18

gender/sex

Answer 18

sex: someone’s physical characteristics at birth
gender: someone’s identities/expressions/societal roles

Question 19

sacrifice communities

Answer 19

communities in close proximity to pollution, deemed sacrificeable (you get it) due to class

Question 20

social location

Answer 20

set of all social identities a person belongs to/with

Question 21

stereotypes/exoticization/romanticization

Answer 21

stereotypes: widely held + oversimplified image of a certain type of person/thing (all young people are thieves)
exoticization: stereotyping specific people as unusual (movies/media portraying Africa as uncivilized, dirty, etc)
romanticization: make something seem more appealing than it really is

Question 22

normative (group)

Answer 22

the group in a society that is deemed “normal” (heterosexual males, etc.)