Midterm Flashcards
What is reflective practice?
- thinking about and learning from past experiences
- formalizing the process and recording it
Is reflective practice conscious or unconscious? Lifelong or periodical?
It is something you engage in over life, whether consciously or not
- we avoid things that did not work
- repeat things that did
What is the reflective process? Discuss each step
- I interpret
- reflection in action - I respond
- I notice
- reflection on action
What is Gibbs’ reflective cycle?
- Description (what happened?)
- Feelings (what were you thinking and feeling?)
- Evaluation (what was good and bad about the experience?)
- Analysis (what else can you make of the situation?)
- Conclusion (what else could you have done?)
- Action plan (if it rose again, what would you do?)
What are the three stages/questions of reflection?
- What happened?
- Why does it matter?
- why did it happen
- could it have gone differently
- why did you make those choices - What next? (most important)
- how will you change your practice as a result
Who is Florence Nightingale? What were her values?
She is the founder of modern, professional nursing. She characterized nursing as suitable for those with a high moral calling - sobriety, chastity, loyalty, altruism, self-sacrifice. Nursing was a woman’s role and founded upon Christian values.
What are Carper’s four ways of knowing?
empirical, personal, ethical, and esthetic
What is empirical knowing?
facts, scientific knowledge, clinical research (i.e., pathophysiology, rationale behind the skills, evidences)
What is personal knowing?
knowledge of own self in a situation, self-awareness and recognizing how your interactions are part of your care and have an effect on the patient’s healing process. rejects approaching the client as an object and strives to actualize an authentic personal relationship (i.e., self-reflection, what did you do well, what you could do better)
What is ethical knowing?
morally correct in a situation, the moral code which guides the ethical conduct of nurses is based on the primary principle of obligation embodied in the concepts of service to people and respect of life (i.e., CNA code of ethics, what is right/just and ought to be done)
What is esthetic knowing?
art of nursing, awareness of nursing in the moment of care, knowledge gained by subjective acquaintance, the direct feeling of experience, creativity and style in design of providing nursing care that is effective and satisfying (i.e., empathy, caring, genuineness, respect, self-disclosure)
What is emancipatory knowing?
- it emphasizes action that arises from an awareness of social injustices embedded in a social and political system - realizing that things could be different and working toward change that creates social justice for all
- focuses on embedded discrimination or racism to better healthcare and create influential changes in healthcare
What two systems are at the core of injustice in emancipatory knowing?
Social and political systems
What is hegemony?
- the dominance of certain ideologies, beliefs, values, or worldviews over other possible viewpoints
- it is often hidden and taken for granted and as the only truth
What way of knowing aims to free individuals of hegemonic thinking?
emancipatory knowing
What are three things that emancipatory knowing can do for a nurse?
- help the nurse look beyond individual experiences or situations - consider the bigger picture
- pushes nurses to discover the root causes of inequities
- motivates action toward change
What are the four foundations of emancipatory knowing?
critical theory, liberation theory, poststructuralism, and feminist perspectives
What is critical theory?
describes a process of examining and challenging social inequities and injustices
examines the root causes as well as the social consequences of such inequities/injustices
What is liberation theory?
sees education as a means for challenging existing knowledge, norms, and values
provide/use education to create social change
What is poststructuralism?
examines how power balances are created and maintained by verbal and symbolic representations in society, and how these representations create or produce meaning
What is feminist perspectives?
criticized current power imbalances, challenged the status quo, challenged systems of oppression, nursing (and women) seen as oppressed group
What are the three dimensions of emancipatory knowing?
- ask critical questions - questions that focus on social injustices into awareness
- creative processes: critiquing and imaging - tend to occur in circular/iterative fashion & is activist in nature and leads toward “emancipation”
- formal expressions - action plans, critical analyses, manifestoes, vision statements & creates clarity/focus, brings awareness, and communicates injustices to those in power
What is the definition of worldview?
the way a group of people see their world, their physical and symbolic space, and their place in the world OR
a collection of beliefs about life and the universe held by an individual or group; the overall perspective from which the world is interpreted
What core experiences shape our worldview?
childhood/upbringing, culture/community, reinforcement/punishment, media/portrayals/stories