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Sterile 1 > Midterm > Flashcards

Midterm Flashcards

1
Q

Aseptic

A

A condition free of microorganisms which can reproduce

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2
Q

Sepsis

A

Contamination or infection

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3
Q

Sterile

A

Used interchangeably with aseptic

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4
Q

Parenteral

A

Administration by some means other than oral or rectal intake, IV or Inj

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5
Q

Aseptic Technique

A

The ability of a person to manipulate sterile preparations done in controlled conditions

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6
Q

Critical site

A

Any point which a sterile product may be contaminated

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7
Q

Controlled Pharmacy environment needs

A

Specially trained pharmacy staff

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8
Q

What are sources of contamination

A

Touch
Distractions
Airborne
Surroundings
Material

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9
Q

Enteral Admin

A

Administered Via GI

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10
Q

Rectal Admin

A

Inserted into the rectum

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11
Q

Parenteral Admin

A

Injection or Infusion

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12
Q

IV

A

intravenous

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13
Q

IM

A

Intramuscular

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14
Q

ID

A

Intradermal

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15
Q

SC (SQ)

A

Subcutaneous

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16
Q

IT

A

Intrathecal (spinal Column)

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17
Q

IP

A

Intraperitoneal (dialysis)

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18
Q

Intravitreal

A

Rear Eye Chamber

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19
Q

Intraocular

A

Into the eye

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20
Q

Subconjunctival

A

Into Conjunction

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21
Q

Systemic

A

Whole Body

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22
Q

Local

A

Specific area

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23
Q

Drug Injection

A

Liquid preparation

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24
Q

Drug For Injection

A

Dry requiring Reconstitution

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25
Q

Drug Injectable Emulsion

A

Dissolved or dispersed in emulsion

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26
Q

Drug Injectable suspension

A

dry suspended in liquid medium

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27
Q

Drug for injectable suspension

A

Dr solid requiring reconstitution

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28
Q

Intermittent IV

A

small amounts for short period of time

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29
Q

IV Push

A

Small amounts administered by needle into vein

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30
Q

TPN

A

For Long term IV admin for nutrients

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31
Q

Latex Allergy Complication

A

Bags, Vial, Gloves, Equipment

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32
Q

Infection Complication

A

Due to contamination

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33
Q

Infiltration Complication

A

Needle dislodge

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34
Q

Extravasation Complication

A

Fluids of vein escape through the vascular wall

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35
Q

Overhydration complication

A

Decreased concentration of plasma and electrolytes

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36
Q

Pyrogenicity

A

fever due to injected pyrogens

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37
Q

particulation complication

A

introduction of particulate matter

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38
Q

Necrosis Complication

A

Death of tissue

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39
Q

Embolism Complication

A

Sudden blocking of a blood vessel

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40
Q

Air embolism complication

A

Embolism due to air bubbles in vein

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41
Q

thrombosis complication

A

Intravascular blood clot

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42
Q

Thrombophlebitis complication

A

Blood clot formation and inflammation of vein

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43
Q

Speed shock complication

A

shock from solution administered too quickly

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44
Q

Pain at inj site

A

Needle touches vein wall
Too much tension is on the needle/tubing

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45
Q

Coring of Vial

A

Bits of rubber stopper in solution

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46
Q

Normal pH of blood

A

7.35-7.45

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47
Q

Acidosis

A

When blood pH is below 7.4

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48
Q

Alkalosis

A

Blood pH is above 7.4

49
Q

pH of IV solution should not

A

very from normal pH

50
Q

Osmotic pressure

A

pressure required to maintain equilibrium within cells

51
Q

semi-permeable membrane allows…

A

only the solvent to flow through

52
Q

osmolality is…

A

osmotic concentration

53
Q

Tonicity is…

A

the ability of cell walls to prevent the passage of ioans and molecules

54
Q

Isotonic solution

A

solvent and solute are balanced

55
Q

hypotonic solution

A

solvent exceeds solute

56
Q

hypertonic solution

A

solute exceeds solvent

57
Q

Compatibility

A

The combination of two or more additives w/in solution

58
Q

chemical Incompatibilities results…

A

may result in oxidation

59
Q

physical incompatibilities

A

one solution alters the solubility of another

60
Q

therapeutic incompatibilities

A

when the response to one or more drugs differs in the nature or intensity than what the physician intended

61
Q

Steam sterilization

A
  • Done in autoclave
  • The more amount of pressure means less time
    -Non Porous items
62
Q

Dry-Heat sterilization

A
  • sterilizing ovens
  • less effective in killings microorganisms
  • ## temp and duration if dif for each product
63
Q

filtration Sterilization

A
  • Physical removal of microorganisms or mechanism
64
Q

Gas sterilization

A
  • For heat and moisture sensitive
    -Highly flammable
  • needs greater precautions
65
Q

Ionizing radiation

A
  • gamma rays and cathode rays
66
Q

Sterile culture media

A
  • detects only grossly contaminated products
67
Q

Membrane Filtration

A

Recommended for products with preservatives or intrinsic bacteriostatic

68
Q

Limulus Amebocyte Lysate

A
  • lysate will cause solution to gel in an hour if endotoxins are present
69
Q

Rabbit test

A
  • body temp increase if pyrogens are present
70
Q

In anteroom all equipment must be….

A

disinfected

71
Q

If LAFH is turned off you must…

A

Turn on for 30 minutes before cleaning

72
Q

low risk compounding

A

mixing no more than three commercial products

73
Q

Medium Risk compounding

A

4 or more additives of sterile products

74
Q

High Risk Compounding

A

Prepared from non-sterile compounds that must be sterilized

75
Q

Type 1 hypersensitivity

A

Immediate reaction

76
Q

Type 2 hypersensitivity

A

Delayed reaction

77
Q

Antibiotic resistant organisms are…

A

Bacteria that is resistant to the effects of antibiotics

78
Q

MRSA is…

A

Staph infection that is found in the nares and on the skin

79
Q

VRE

A

Bacteria found in bowel and genital tract, can hospitalize people with low immune system

80
Q

VRSA

A

Strain of Staph that is resistant to vancomycin

81
Q

Clostridium difficile

A

shed in feces, transferred via unwashed hands, must be physically isolated

82
Q

Tuberculosis is…

A

a respiratory infections transmitted through airborne droplets

83
Q

Febrile respiratory illness

A

respiratory infection that produces a fever

84
Q

Influenza

A

Respiratory infection caused by but influenza virus, spreads through droplets that are inhaled

85
Q

Airborne precautions

A

N95 mask and pt masl

86
Q

Droplet precaution

A

Mask, gloves, eye protection

87
Q

Contact precaution

A

Gown, gloves, etc, strict handwashing

88
Q

outside of CPA how do you sterilize?

A

Chemical solution on steam

89
Q

Process before entering work environment

A
  1. check order and and materials needed
  2. generate labels
  3. check integrity of products
  4. ensure all supplies are gathered(and sterilized)
90
Q

Sterilizing non-sterilized items with…

A

70% alcohol wipes

91
Q

Minibags are available in what mL?

A

25mL, 50mL, 100mL

92
Q

available sizes of LVPs

A

500mL, 1000mL, 2000mL, 3000mL

93
Q

What are quick mix bags

A

bags with two compartments which can mixed together

94
Q

what are underfill bags

A

1000mL dextrose bags with only 500mL/750mL

95
Q

water for inj

A

not required to be sterile, but it is pyrogen free

96
Q

Sterile water for inj

A

has been sterilized and sealed for single use

97
Q

Bacteriostatic water for inj

A

sterile water with bacteriostatic for inj to prevent microbial growth

98
Q

sodium chloride inj

A

sterile isotonic solution

99
Q

amount of liquid in syringe should not be less then….

A

Half the syringe volume

100
Q

why is the interior plunger cone-shaped

A

To compensate for the meniscus

101
Q

Why are glass syringes used?

A

For drugs that can “leach” into the plastic

102
Q

How many times can you puncture a rubber stopper?

A

5 times

103
Q

what is a single vial dose

A

no preservative
sealed with a rubber topper

104
Q

what is sterile powder for reconstitution

A

dry powder in a vial that when suspended has a short BUD

105
Q

what is a double chambered vial

A

powder and diluent in separate chambers which can be mixed within vial

106
Q

what is coring

A

pieces of rubber stopper

107
Q

Glass IV bottles

A

for mixing medications that are not compatible in PVC bags

108
Q

What are venting needles

A

needles inserted to allow air to escape when diluent is added

109
Q

Positive pressure

A

depressing the plunger of syringe PUSHING the solution through an attached filter

110
Q

Negative pressure

A

filtration into an vacuum bottle, vacuum PULLS solution through filter

111
Q

Disk filter

A

filter oout bacteria and microorganisms but not pyrogens

112
Q

filtration removes…

A

particles, such as those resulting from coring or breaking ampoules

113
Q

filtration is…

A

one direction only

114
Q

Filter integrity test A

A

filter on the syringe and syringe is pulled back

115
Q

Filter integrity test A

A

filter is removed, draw back on syringe, replace filter and push air through

116
Q

Ampoule is…

A

container intended for single use

117
Q

Polyamps are…

A

polythylene ampoules (plastic)

118
Q

What is a critical sites

A

critical site is a direct pathway between a sterile product and the environment

Sterile 1 (2 decks)

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