Midterm Flashcards
Rhetoric
A faculty or the ability to discover, in any given case, all of the available means of persuasion
Rhetorical Criticism
How to apply research
- Pre-analysis
- Analysis
- Post-analysis
Hegemony
A process by which a hegemonic class articulates their interest
Linguistic Relativity
The claim that speakers are required to pay attention to different aspects of the world that are grammatically marked
Linguistic Determinism
Claims that our cognitive processes are influenced by the differences that are found in languages
Standpoint Theory
Focuses on how gender, race, class and other social categories influence the circumstances of people’s lives, especially their social position and experiences
Signs, Signifiers, Signified
The semiotic approach provides a method for how analyzing visual representations convey meaning
Spiral of Silence Theory
Contends that people remain silent on matters of controversy when they feel they hold opposing views to the majority opinion on the issue
Overt Racism
Huge acts where someone can point out racism
(KKK costume)
Denial Racism
Denies the existence of institutional and structural forms of discrimination and racism
(“It’s just bad people, not everyone”)
Inferential Racism
Harder to identify, often exerted by liberals
New Racism Theory
Expressed, enacted, and confirmed by talk and text
Image Repair Theory
Includes denial, evading responsibility, reducing offensiveness, corrective action and mortification
Diaspora
Signals a shift that acknowledges cultural fluidity, transnationalism, multi-layered discursive positions
- Complex outlook on life: no specific roots, routes travelled link people together
Diasporic Consciousness
Complex forms of attachment and belonging, isolation and difference that are experienced in everyday life
Critical Discourse Analysis
Examines how actions, speech and nonverbal communication play a role in models of reproduction
Horkeinheimer & Adorno
Stated culture industry “consists of repetition”
Agenda Setting Theory
Media has the power in selecting what is or isn’t reported and how
General Framing Theory
Helps to explain the roles of the news media in defining and redefining issues for the public
Episodic Framing
Snapshots, only for a short time
Thematic Framing
More in-depth and reoccurring stories
Institutional Oppression
Reflective of those who control the institution and implement policies that are intended to have a differential and/or harmful effect on marginalized people
Structural Oppression
Believe they are being neutral, not harmful
- Ex: Banks
Essentialism
A tendency to reduce people to their basic characteristics
Race Relations Theory
Naturalizes the idea that there are biological differences between races.
Hierarchy tells everyone who is good and who is bad
Identity Politics
Group identity is narrowly defined and actively sustained
