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OPTO MED > MIDTERM > Flashcards

MIDTERM Flashcards

1
Q

Origin of pain in extra cranial

A

Sinuses
Eyes/orbit
Teeth
TMJ
Blood vessels
CN 5, 7,9,10

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2
Q

Classification of headaches

A

Primary headache
Secondary headache

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3
Q

Classification of headache where there is no structural or metabolic abnormality

A

Primary headache

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4
Q

Classification of headache where there is a structural or metabolic abnormality

A

Secondary headache

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5
Q

2 tools we have in headache diagnosis

A

History:
Headache onset
Duration
Location
Severity and quality
Associated features
Aggravating factors

Exam:
General exam
Neurologic exam

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6
Q

Causes of headaches

A

Vascular
Neoplastic
Infectious
Corticomedullary lesions
Intracranial hypertension
CSF Leak

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7
Q

Pain description: pressure, tightness, waxes and wanes

A

Tension headache

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8
Q

Pain description: throbbing, moderate to severe, worse with exertion

A

Migraine

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9
Q

Pain description: abrupt onset, deep, continuous, excruciating, explosive

A

Cluster headache

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10
Q

Associated symptoms: photo/phonophobia, nausea and vomiting, aura

A

Migraine

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11
Q

Associated symptoms: None

A

Tension

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12
Q

Associated symptoms: tearing, congestion, rhinorrhea, pallor, sweating

A

Cluster headache

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13
Q

Location: 60-70% unilateral

A

Migraine

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14
Q

Location: bilateral

A

Tension headache

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15
Q

Location: unilateral

A

Cluster headache

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16
Q

Duration: 4-72 hours

A

Migraine

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17
Q

Duration: variable

A

Tension headache

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18
Q

Duration: 0.5-3 hr. Many per day

A

Cluster headache

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19
Q

Patient appearance: resting in quiet dark room; young female

A

Migraine

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20
Q

Patient appearance: remains active or prefers rest

A

Tension headache

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21
Q

Patient appearance: remains active, prefers hot showers, male smoker

A

Cluster headache

22
Q

Cause is unknown but strongly inherited

A

Migraine

23
Q

Frequency is 1-2 year-2/3 week

A

Migraine (half-head)

24
Q

Duration is 4hrs-3 days

A

Migraine (half-head)

25
Q

Location is usually one sided but can swap between attacks

A

Migraine (half-head)

26
Q

Symptoms are nausea, aura, vomiting, and sensitive to light, sound, smell

A

Migraine (half-head)

27
Q

2-3x more common in women than men

A

Migraine

28
Q

Onset often as child/teenager/young adult

A

Migraine

29
Q

Migraine comes from the greek word

A

Hemicrania

30
Q

Refers to pain occurring on one side of the head

A

Hemicrania

31
Q

Has been consistently most prevalent disease in the world

A

Headache

32
Q

T/F
Among people aged less than 50 y/o, migraine is the most common cause of disability

A

True

33
Q

T/F
Among people aged less than 50 y/o, migraine is the most common cause of disability

A

True

34
Q

T/F
Among people aged less than 50 y/o, migraine is the most common cause of disability

A

True

35
Q

Burden of migraine

A

Energy and drive
Emotional functioning
Pain
Employment
General physical and mental health
Social functioning
Global disability

36
Q

Fatigue, reduced vitality, difficulties with sleep

A

Energy and drive

37
Q

Depressive symptoms, anxiety, stress, anger

A

Emotional functioning

38
Q

General pain, and the sensation of pain

A

Pain

39
Q

Reduced efficiency at work, restriction in time given to work, partial absence

A

Employment

40
Q

General mobility, carrying out daily routine

A

General physical and mental health

41
Q

Relationships with others, family relationships, leisure activities

A

Social functioning

42
Q

Global functioning, quality of life, self-efficacy

A

Global disability

43
Q

A chronic neurological disease with episodic attacks of head pain

A

Migraine

44
Q

Extreme sensitivity to light

A

Photophobia

45
Q

Extreme sensitivity to sound

A

Phonophobia

46
Q

Pain resulting from a stimulus that would not normally provoke pain

A

Allodynia

47
Q

Triggers of migraine

A

Food: spices, wine, chocolate, citrus
Food additives: monosodium glutamate
Sleep: both too much and too little
Stress: mainly offset
Female hormones: fluctuating or falling estrogen

48
Q

Migraine with aura

A

2 migraine attacks

49
Q

Migraine without aura

A

5 migraine attacks

50
Q

Aura symptoms

A

Visual
Sensory
Speech and/or language
Motor
Brainstem
Retinal

OPTO MED (3 decks)

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