MIDTERM Flashcards
Origin of pain in extra cranial
Sinuses
Eyes/orbit
Teeth
TMJ
Blood vessels
CN 5, 7,9,10
Classification of headaches
Primary headache
Secondary headache
Classification of headache where there is no structural or metabolic abnormality
Primary headache
Classification of headache where there is a structural or metabolic abnormality
Secondary headache
2 tools we have in headache diagnosis
History:
Headache onset
Duration
Location
Severity and quality
Associated features
Aggravating factors
Exam:
General exam
Neurologic exam
Causes of headaches
Vascular
Neoplastic
Infectious
Corticomedullary lesions
Intracranial hypertension
CSF Leak
Pain description: pressure, tightness, waxes and wanes
Tension headache
Pain description: throbbing, moderate to severe, worse with exertion
Migraine
Pain description: abrupt onset, deep, continuous, excruciating, explosive
Cluster headache
Associated symptoms: photo/phonophobia, nausea and vomiting, aura
Migraine
Associated symptoms: None
Tension
Associated symptoms: tearing, congestion, rhinorrhea, pallor, sweating
Cluster headache
Location: 60-70% unilateral
Migraine
Location: bilateral
Tension headache
Location: unilateral
Cluster headache
Duration: 4-72 hours
Migraine
Duration: variable
Tension headache
Duration: 0.5-3 hr. Many per day
Cluster headache
Patient appearance: resting in quiet dark room; young female
Migraine
Patient appearance: remains active or prefers rest
Tension headache
Patient appearance: remains active, prefers hot showers, male smoker
Cluster headache
Cause is unknown but strongly inherited
Migraine
Frequency is 1-2 year-2/3 week
Migraine (half-head)
Duration is 4hrs-3 days
Migraine (half-head)
Location is usually one sided but can swap between attacks
Migraine (half-head)
Symptoms are nausea, aura, vomiting, and sensitive to light, sound, smell
Migraine (half-head)
2-3x more common in women than men
Migraine
Onset often as child/teenager/young adult
Migraine
Migraine comes from the greek word
Hemicrania
Refers to pain occurring on one side of the head
Hemicrania
Has been consistently most prevalent disease in the world
Headache
T/F
Among people aged less than 50 y/o, migraine is the most common cause of disability
True
T/F
Among people aged less than 50 y/o, migraine is the most common cause of disability
True
T/F
Among people aged less than 50 y/o, migraine is the most common cause of disability
True
Burden of migraine
Energy and drive
Emotional functioning
Pain
Employment
General physical and mental health
Social functioning
Global disability
Fatigue, reduced vitality, difficulties with sleep
Energy and drive
Depressive symptoms, anxiety, stress, anger
Emotional functioning
General pain, and the sensation of pain
Pain
Reduced efficiency at work, restriction in time given to work, partial absence
Employment
General mobility, carrying out daily routine
General physical and mental health
Relationships with others, family relationships, leisure activities
Social functioning
Global functioning, quality of life, self-efficacy
Global disability
A chronic neurological disease with episodic attacks of head pain
Migraine
Extreme sensitivity to light
Photophobia
Extreme sensitivity to sound
Phonophobia
Pain resulting from a stimulus that would not normally provoke pain
Allodynia
Triggers of migraine
Food: spices, wine, chocolate, citrus
Food additives: monosodium glutamate
Sleep: both too much and too little
Stress: mainly offset
Female hormones: fluctuating or falling estrogen
Migraine with aura
2 migraine attacks
Migraine without aura
5 migraine attacks
Aura symptoms
Visual
Sensory
Speech and/or language
Motor
Brainstem
Retinal
