Midterm

Question 1

Choose the sonographic method that uses higher frequency transducers and markedly increases resolution of most pelvic structures?
A. EVS
B. Complimentary
C. TAS general abdomen, obstetric, and gynecologic
D. TAS deep abdomen, obstetric, and gynecologic

Answer 1

A. EVS (endovaginal)

Question 2

Choose the normal anatomic structure that EV imaging can easily identify

Answer 2

Ovaries

Question 3

What bones comprise the pelvic skeleton?

Answer 3

Coccyx, sacrum, two innominate bones

Question 4

The rectus muscle is seen mostly in the lower abdomen in a(n)

Answer 4

Ovoid shape

Question 5

The cross-sectional shape of the iliopsoas muscle appears on ultrasound as:

Answer 5

Hook with bulbous medial limb

Question 6

The space of Retzius (preperitoneal space) is located:

Answer 6

Between the urinary bladder and the symphysis pubis

Question 7

It is not uncommon to see anterior artifact echoes in the urinary bladder. They are:

Answer 7

Wall reverberations

Question 8

On sonograms, the muscular walls of the vagina produce a moderately ____ pattern typical of smooth muscle.

Answer 8

Hypoechoic

Question 9

Which of the following describes the uterine segments?

Answer 9

Fundus, corpus, isthmus, and cervix

Question 10

What is the largest portion of the uterus?

Answer 10

Corpus

Question 11

The uterine layer not seen with ultrasound is:

Answer 11

serosal (perimetrium)

Question 12

A uterus in a female infant would

Answer 12

Appear cylindrical

Question 13

Cysts of the cervix are caused by occluded cervical glands and known as:

Answer 13

Nabothian cysts

Question 14

The length of the adult nulliparous uterus is approximately

Answer 14

8cm

Question 15

On ultrasound, the cervix visualizes as a cylinder-like structure measuring from:

Answer 15

2.5 to 3.5 cm in length and 2.5 cm in width

Question 16

Mittelschmerz is:

Answer 16

mid-cycle pain often associated with ovulation

Question 17

One branch of the internal iliac artery is of importance to sonographers because it is accessible to Doppler evaluation using an endovaginal approach. It is the:

Answer 17

Uterine artery

Question 18

Venous congestion appears as:

Answer 18

pelvic varices

Question 19

Echogenic ovarian foci may indicate the presence of all except

Answer 19

simple cysts

Question 20

Fat or smooth muscles are more ____ than the skeletal muscles

Answer 20

Echogenic

Question 21

Uterine agenesis is imaged best in the:

Answer 21

Sagittal plane

Question 22

Bicornuate uterus is related to:

Answer 22

Cervical incompetence

Question 23

Complete midline failure of Müllerian duct fusion results in:

Answer 23

Uterine didelphys

Question 24

Endovaginal optimal focal range is from:

Answer 24

2 to 7 cm

Question 25

Between puberty and menopause, approximately __ to__ fertile ova are produced.

Answer 25

300 to 400

Question 26

Cysts of the cervix are caused by occluded cervical glands and known as:

Answer 26

Nabothian cysts

Question 27

Failure of uterine median septum resorption results in:

Answer 27

Septate/subseptate uterus

Question 28

The most frequent location of the transverse vaginal septum is the:

Answer 28

Junction of the upper and middle third of the vaginal canal

Question 29

The ovary is suspended by all ligaments except:

Answer 29

Broad

Question 30

The space of Retzius (preperitoneal space) is located:

Answer 30

Between the urinary bladder and the symphysis pubis

Question 31

Uterine layers are:

Answer 31

Serosal (perimetrium), continuous with fascia; myometerium, smooth muscle and connective tissue; endometrium, mucosal

Question 32

Uterus bicornis bicollis and uterus bicornis unicollis (to include uterus arcuatus) result from:

Answer 32

Partial fusion failure

Question 33

What mullerian anomaly is most associated with renal agenesis?

Answer 33

Uterine didelphys