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Self Report > Midterm > Flashcards

Midterm Flashcards

1
Q

What is the most important goal of psychological assessment?

A

To help the client understand themselves in ways that ultimately make the problems in their life better.

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2
Q

What is nomothetic?

A

Group differences (the part of variance in a quality that is shared by people)

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3
Q

What is idiographic?

A

Individual differences (the part of variance that is unique to the individual)

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4
Q

What do traditional objective test refer to?

A
  • Structured questions
  • A limited set of answers (true/false or likert)
  • The score will be the same no matter who scores it
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5
Q

What are nonobjective aspects of objective tests?

A
  1. Test taker willingness to be honest
  2. Test taker ability to be honest (lack of self knowledge, response styles)
  3. Imperfections in the test
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6
Q

What does projective test traditionally refer to?

A
  • Ambiguous stimulus
  • Test taler generates a response with minimal external guidance
  • Test takers projects or puts forward elements of their habits
  • Interpretation requires subjectivity
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7
Q

What part of the Rorschach is NOT reflective from a projective test?

A

Scoring because it involves stimulus classification, problem-solving, and limits subjectivity

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8
Q

What are the two types of modified projective test?

A
  1. Projective test
  2. Performance-based personality test
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9
Q

Projective test

A

Rely exclusively on projection

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10
Q

Performance-based personality test

A

Have substantial nomothetic aspects

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11
Q

What is the purpose of personality assessment?

A
  1. To describe current functioning
  2. To confirm, refute or modify impressions
  3. To identify therapeutic needs
  4. To aid in differential diagnosis
  5. To monitor treatment
  6. To manage risk
  7. As an effective short-term therapeutic intervention
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12
Q

What are the best defenses against inaccurate conclusions?

A
  1. Using valid and reliable measures
  2. Multi-Method assessment
  3. Collaborative/Therapeutic assessment
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13
Q

What are personality traits?

A

Relatively enduring ways in which one person varies from another

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14
Q

What are personality states?

A

Temprary

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15
Q

What are underlying assumptions in assessment?

A
  1. Traits and states do exist
  2. Traits and states can be quantified and measured
  3. Multi-Method
  4. Provide insight into important issues
  5. Various sources of error
  6. Strengths and weaknesses
  7. Test-related behavior predicts non-test-related behavior
  8. Present day behavior sampling predicts future behavior
  9. Can be conducted in a fair, unbiased manner
  10. Benefit individuals and society
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16
Q

What are the “Big 5”?

A

Openness to Experience
Conscientiousness
Extraversion
Agreeableness
Neuroticism

17
Q

What are the methods of personality assessment?

A
  1. Self Report
  2. Performance-based
  3. Behavioral
18
Q

What are the types of self assessments?

A

True/False
Lickert scale
Force choice
Adjective Checklist
Q-sort technique

19
Q

What are the types of performance based assessments?

A

Sentence completion
Inkblot
Picture stories
Drawings

20
Q

What are the types of behavioral assessments?

A

Actual exercises
Behavioral observation
Role play
Physiological methods

21
Q

What are the methods of self-report test constructions?

A
  1. Rational
  2. Factorial (factor analysis)
  3. Empirical
22
Q

What potential errors does the APA process provide checks for?

A
  1. Staying true to data forces one to consider many possibilities to accommodate conflicting data
  2. Corrective strategies one can use
  3. Feedback from the client can be a powerful corrective mechanism
23
Q

What are the problems with APA reporting?

A
  1. Decision rules do not generalize well to different settings
  2. Not a lot of rules for a lot of the decisions
24
Q

What is a summary of clinical decision making?

A
  1. Clinical intuition is fallible
  2. Actuarial algorithms are better than clinical judgement
25
Q

What is the difference between multiculturalism and diversity?

A

Diversity is broader and focuses on the individual

26
Q

How can nomothetic tests/methods can be misused?

A
  1. Discrimination
  2. Misdiagnose those from cultural group
  3. Unfairly deny opportunties
  4. Temper results with good judgement
27
Q

What is unidimensional measures in self report?

A

Widely used for quick assessment of a specific

28
Q

What are multidimensional measures in self report?

A

Contain multiple scales and include validity scales

29
Q

What are the problems with self report data?

A

It is hard to test for impulsivity and maturity

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