Midterm

Question 1

List two reasons why zoonotic diseases may be emerging in our society.

Answer 1

Changes in ecosystem
Meteorological patterns
Climate change
Changes in farming or food handling practices
Changes in demographics
Humans in closer or more prolonged contact with carrier species
Gradual genetic modification of the pathogen

Question 2

For any infectious disease, the _______________ is the interval of time that begins from when a host contacts an infectious agent and ends with the onset of signs and/or symptoms of disease.

Answer 2

incubation period

Question 3

List TWO of the basic modes of transmission of zoonotic diseases AND give an example.

Answer 3

The two basic modes of transmission of zoonotic diseases are direct and indirect transmission.

Direct:
Ingestion
Direct contact
Fomites

Indirect:
Inhalation
Vectors

Question 4

List THREE of the causative agents of zoonotic diseases.

Answer 4

Arthropods
Bacteria
Rickettsia
Protozoa
Helminths
Fungi (Mycoses)
Viruses
Prions

Question 5

(T or F) All animal diseases are considered zoonotic.

Answer 5

False

Question 6

(T or F) The risk of infection of a zoonotic disease may be affected by the interaction between the agent (the pathogen), the host, and the environment.

Answer 6

True

Question 7

(T or F) The more serious the disease in an individual, the more serious the general, world-wide threat is from that disease.

Answer 7

False

Question 8

(T or F) Children are in a low risk group for contracting zoonotic diseases.

Answer 8

False

Question 9

(T or F) Any disease that can cross the species gap has zoonotic potential.

Answer 9

True

Question 10

(T or F) Your skin is an example of acquired immunity.

Answer 10

False

Acquired immunity example: vaccines

Question 11

A person or animal without apparent disease that harbors a specific infectious agent and is capable of transmitting the agent to others

Answer 11

Carrier

Question 12

An organism or disease capable of causing disease only in a host whose resistance is lowered.

Answer 12

Opportunistic

Question 13

Forecast of the probable outcome of a disease.

Answer 13

Prognosis

Question 14

An illness or injury of an abrupt onset.

Answer 14

Acute

Question 15

The study of all factors involved with the development of a disease.

Answer 15

Etiology

Question 16

A state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being.

Answer 16

Health

Question 17

An illness or injury lasing a long time.

Answer 17

Chronic

Question 18

An organism capable of causing disease.

Answer 18

Pathogen

Question 19

Knob used to move the body tube for minute adjustment in focusing.

Answer 19

Fine adjustment knob

Question 20

Knob used to move the body tube for approximate focus.

Answer 20

Course adjustment knob

Question 21

Holds nosepiece at one end and the eyepiece at the opposite, conducts light rays.

Answer 21

Eyepiece

Question 22

Holds and supports microscope slides.

Answer 22

Stage

Question 23

Topmost series of lenses through which a specimen is viewed.

Answer 23

Ocular lens

Question 24

Concentrates and directs light through specimen.

Answer 24

Condenser

Question 25

Shortest lens holder which should always be in position at the beginning of a lab and at the finish of the lab.

Answer 25

Low power objective

Question 26

Bottom portion that supports the microscope; provides carrying support.

Answer 26

Base

Question 27

A symbiotic relationship in which one member, the parasite, lives in or on the second member, the host. The parasite gets nutritional benefits from the host but also is harmful.

Answer 27

Parasitism

Question 28

What is the other term for Nematodes?

Answer 28

Roundworms

Question 29

(T or F) A parasite's life cycle may be direct, meaning an intermediate host is needed for development to the infective stage, or indirect, meaning no intermediate host

Answer 29

False. Switch direct and indirect.

Question 30

The segments of this Cestode look like pieces of rice in the feces of a dog or cat: _____________.

Answer 30

Tapeworm

Question 31

_________ are trematodes that are leaf-shaped and non-segmented.

Answer 31

Flukes

Question 32

(T or F) All types of parasites have a digestive tract

Answer 32

False

Question 33

(T or F) Monoecious means having both the male and female reproductive organs in the same individual

Answer 33

True

Question 34

Where would you find hemoprotozoa?

Answer 34

Blood, specifically red blood cells

Question 35

The segments in the strobila of a tapeworm are called _________

Answer 35

Proglottids