Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Addictions exam 1 > Midterm > Flashcards

Midterm Flashcards

1
Q

Etiologies of Addiction

A

Personal responsibility/moral– person is of blame,root of stigma

Agent–blame substance

Genetic/biological

Social learning

Sociocultural

Disease**

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is addiction?

A

a chronic disease of brain reward, reflected in pathologically seeking out substance
* Organ= brain, defect in reward system (midbrain, prefrontal cortex–>fight vs. flight system, logic system)–> bx: inability to stop using substances, despite harmful consequences–> impact: continued SU, cravings (response when drug cut off), impulsive decisions

Frequency, compulsion, persistence despite adverse consequences

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

neuron

A

signal processor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

synaptic cleft

A

space b/w neurons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

axon

A

sender

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

dendrite

A

receiver

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

reuptake

A

recycle/reuse

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

neurotransmitter

A

signal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

dopamine

A

pleasure/feel good

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

prefrontal cortex

A

logic/thinking

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

midbrain

A

fight vs flight

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

neuroflooding

A

“being high”–lots of neurotransmitters in the synaptic cleft

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

dependence

A

brain is functioning only when the substance is present; you become dependent on the presence of a drug–body adapts, requiring more to maintain a certain effect (tolerance), eliciting drug/mental symptoms if use stops

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

tolerance

A

requiring more for same effect

why? our bodies seek BALANCE, to level off neurotransmitter levels, we kill off endogenous neurotransmitters, receptor down regulation, or deactivate receptors b/c we come to expect external source of substance in high doses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

withdrawals

A

lack of needed neurotransmitters

why? body became dependent on substance, when you no longer provide body w/ external source, your body adapted by down regulating receptors or killing endogenous ones, balance is OFF–> withdrawal symptoms (explains anhedonia)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

anhedonia

A

inability to feel pleasure

Why? you have fewer receptors than you originally did, you may have lower endogenous levels of dopamine being released–>not producing same effects as your brain pre-substance use

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

hypofrontality

A

inability to use prefrontal cortex

stress–> activation of fight vs. flight–> deactivation of prefrontal cortex–> seeking out dopamine to help deal with stress–> cravings–> SU

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

cravings

A

natural response d/t cutting off a substance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

9 areas of treatment planning (HELMMSSDF)

A

housing, ed/vocational, legal, medical, mental health, social/leisure, SU, D/C, family

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

problem statement

A

should reflect 9 problem domains; written in bx terms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

goal

A

pt’s words, strengths-based, presence vs. absence, compliments problem definition

22
Q

objective

A

what will the pt do to accomplish their goal, SMART, action terms

23
Q

Intervention

A

compliment objective, therapists portion, must include frequency

24
Q

ASAM

A

numbers represent benchmarks a continuum, meaning pts move up or down in terms of intensity

25
Q

6 dimensions of ASAM

A

-acute intoxication/withdrawal/SU hx
-health (physical)
-psych/mental health
-readiness to change
-relapse, continued use
-recovery/living situation

26
Q

Order of treatment

A

referral–> screening–> assessment–> diagnosis–> decide

27
Q

screening

A

detect possible presence of problem and need for further evaluation

28
Q

OARS= motivational interviewing

A

O: open ended questions
A: affirm
R: reflective listening
S: summarize

29
Q

RULE= motivational interviewing principles

A

R: resist telling clients what to do
U: understand motivations
L: listen with empathy
E: empower

30
Q

SMART= treatment plan goal setting

A

S= specific
M= measurable
A= attainable
R= realistic
T= time-frame

31
Q

FRAMES= SF

A

F= feedback
R= responsibility for change
A= advice
M= menu of options
E= empathic counseling style
S= self-efficacy

32
Q

ATL

A

Ask, Tell, Listen

33
Q

precontemplation

A

(pros> cons): no intention to change bx, not even on mind

34
Q

contemplation

A

(pros= cons): I’m thinking about change

35
Q

preparation

A

(pros of use< cons): I am intending to change

36
Q

action

A

(pros of abstinence> cons): I am successfully changing bx

37
Q

maintenance

A

(pros of abstinence> cons): I am remaining free from bx, >6 mos

38
Q

termination

A

end of cycle, no temptations, 100% confident in all previous situations; years of maintenance

39
Q

Narcan mechanism of action

A

reverses overdose by…

OPIOID RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST–>binds to opioid receptor and reverses/blocks effects of other opioids (higher affinity compared to opioids)

40
Q

Suboxone mechanism of action

A
  • Buprenorphine= partial agonist–>producing fraction of rxn as other opioids, weaker rxn–>no high, but no withdrawals, block other opioids from attaching
  • Naloxone= antagonist–>block reaction–>used in suboxone to deter intravenous use–>if person tries to inject suboxone intravenously, naloxone will block opioid receptors–> immediate withdrawal symptoms w/o high
41
Q

semi-synthetic opiod

A

modification of an opiate (natural); ex: morphine heroin

42
Q

synthetic opioid

A

chemically derived in lab; not derived from poppy

43
Q

opioid

A

(all-encompassing natural+ synthetic+ semi-synthetic)

44
Q

opiate

A

(derived from poppy)

45
Q

opioid mechanism of action

A

o Opioid receptor agonists
o Bind to opioid receptors–impact on Ca channels– release of dopamine– euphoria+ other effects
o Half life= .6-150 hours

46
Q

opiate exames

A

opium, codeine, morphine

47
Q

semi-synthetic opioid examples

A

heroin
hydrocodone
oxycodone
oxymorphone
buprenorphrine

48
Q

synthetic opioid examples

A

methadone
fentanyl
tramadol

49
Q

meds can address (opioid)

A

withdrawals, cravings, aversion therapy (intravenous), psych disorders, “maintenance”, overdoses (narcan)

50
Q

DSM mild, moderate, severe

A

2-3= mild
4-5= moderate
6+= severe

51
Q

screening tool examples

A

CAGE, CRAFFT, S2BI, TAPS, UA

Addictions exam 1 (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions