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Complete Removable Prosthodontics > Midterm > Flashcards

Midterm Flashcards

1
Q

Complete denture indications: (6)

A
  1. When all else has failed
  2. When systemic health is declining
  3. When adaptability is declining
  4. Restore function (chewing and speech)
  5. Restore facial appearance
  6. Maintain health
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2
Q

Goal of complete dentures:

A

To preserve what remains, not replacement for the missing teeth

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3
Q

Resistance to vertical movement toward the underlying tissues:

A

Support

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4
Q

The support from bone and mucosa when bilateral simultaneous contact of opposing posterior teeth

A

Initial support

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5
Q

Initial support is from _____ and _____ with bilateral simultaneous contact of opposing posterior teeth

A

bone and mucosa

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6
Q

Load the tissue area most resistant to resabsorption:

A

long term support

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7
Q

Resistance to horizontal/lateral or rotational movements:

A

stability

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8
Q

What facets affect stability?

A
  1. shape of alveolar ridges
  2. size of alveolar ridges/vestibular depth
  3. flange length and shape (best adaptation)
  4. intimate fit of prosthesis
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9
Q

What is the best adaptation for stability?

A

Flange length and shape

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10
Q

resistance to displacement of the denture base away from the ridge:

A

retention

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11
Q

What facets affect retention?

A
  1. adhesion
  2. cohesion
  3. interfacial surface tension
  4. intimate tissue contact
  5. border seal
  6. atmospheric pressure
  7. neuromuscular control
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12
Q

attraction between unlike molecules:

A

adhesion

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13
Q

force between molecules of same material:

A

cohesion

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14
Q

thin fluid film between two closely contacting objects:

A

interfacial surface tension

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15
Q

Impression technique affects the:

A

intimate tissue contact

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16
Q

Prevent ingress of air:

A

border seal

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17
Q

a learned phenomenon by the patient which the external contour denture base promotes

A

neuromuscular control

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18
Q

The denture problem:

Dentures move around in the mouth and create pressure on:

A

supporting mucosa/bone

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19
Q

The denture problem:

Pressure from dentures causes:

A

bone reabsorption

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20
Q

The denture problem:

Bone reabsorption results in decreasing:

A

decreasing horizontal stability and retention

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21
Q

The denture problem:

Retention of complete dentures requires _____, however, most patients takes meds that cause ____.

A

saliva of good quality and quantity; xerostomia

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22
Q

The denture problem:

Percentage of dentures that will have at least 1 major deficiency

A

60%

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23
Q

The denture problem:

Deficiencies in dentures include:

A
  1. integrity
  2. excessive tooth wear
  3. adhesive or liner present
  4. instability (2mm)
  5. poor retention
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24
Q

The denture problem:

Dentures are made by lab techs instead of dentists (now legal in 6 states)

A

denturism

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25
Q

The denture problem:

Dentures are not an alternative ______ or _______.

A

expensive restoration treatments; unaesthetic dentition

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26
Q

The denture problem:

Dentures are a substitute for:

A

NO TEETH AT ALL (not better than natural teeth)

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27
Q

The useful life for a set of dentures:

A

7-10 years

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28
Q

Complete dentures fabrication steps:

What is the first step?

A
  1. oral exam, treatment plan, preliminary impressions (clinical)
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29
Q

Complete dentures fabrication steps:

  1. oral exam, treatment plan, preliminary impressions (clinical)
  2. ?
A
  1. make custom trays on preliminary casts (lab)
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30
Q

Complete dentures fabrication steps:

  1. oral exam, treatment plan, preliminary impressions (clinical)
  2. make custom trays on preliminary casts (lab)
  3. ?
A
  1. border molding and secondary impressions (clinical)
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31
Q

Complete dentures fabrication steps:

  1. oral exam, treatment plan, preliminary impressions (clinical)
  2. make custom trays on preliminary casts (lab)
  3. border molding and secondary impressions (clinical)
    4.?
A
  1. master casts, record bases, and occlusion wax rim (lab)
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32
Q

Complete dentures fabrication steps:

  1. oral exam, treatment plan, preliminary impressions (clinical)
  2. make custom trays on preliminary casts (lab)
  3. border molding and secondary impressions (clinical)
  4. master casts, record bases, and occlusion wax rims (lab)
    5.?
A
  1. maxillo-mandibular relations, teeth selection (clinical)
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33
Q

Complete dentures fabrication steps:

  1. oral exam, treatment plan, preliminary impressions (clinical)
  2. make custom trays on preliminary casts (lab)
  3. border molding and secondary impressions (clinical)
  4. master casts, record bases, and occlusion wax rims (lab)
    5.?
A
  1. maxillo-mandibular relations, teeth selection (clinical)

a. facebow transfer

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34
Q

Complete dentures fabrication steps:

  1. oral exam, treatment plan, preliminary impressions (clinical)
  2. make custom trays on preliminary casts (lab)
  3. border molding and secondary impressions (clinical)
  4. master casts, record bases, and occlusion wax rims (lab)
  5. maxillo-mandibular relations, teeth selection (clinical)
  6. ?
A
  1. arrange maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth (lab)

a. casts mounted with record bases and wax rims

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35
Q

Complete dentures fabrication steps:

  1. oral exam, treatment plan, preliminary impressions (clinical)
  2. make custom trays on preliminary casts (lab)
  3. border molding and secondary impressions (clinical)
  4. master casts, record bases, and occlusion wax rims (lab)
  5. maxillo-mandibular relations, teeth selection (clinical)
  6. arrange maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth (lab)
  7. ?
A
  1. anterior trial placement (clinical)
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36
Q

Complete dentures fabrication steps:

  1. oral exam, treatment plan, preliminary impressions (clinical)
  2. make custom trays on preliminary casts (lab)
  3. border molding and secondary impressions (clinical)
  4. master casts, record bases, and occlusion wax rims (lab)
  5. maxillo-mandibular relations, teeth selection (clinical)
  6. arrange maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth (lab)
  7. anterior trial placement (clinical)
  8. ?
A
  1. arrange maxillary and mandibular posterior teeth (lab)
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37
Q

Complete dentures fabrication steps:

  1. oral exam, treatment plan, preliminary impressions (clinical)
  2. make custom trays on preliminary casts (lab)
  3. border molding and secondary impressions (clinical)
  4. master casts, record bases, and occlusion wax rims (lab)
  5. maxillo-mandibular relations, teeth selection (clinical)
  6. arrange maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth (lab)
  7. anterior trial placement (clinical)
  8. arrange maxillary and mandibular posterior teeth (lab)
  9. ?
A
  1. trial placement in wax and patient approval (clinical)

a. make new interocclusal/CR record and check on articulator

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38
Q

Complete dentures fabrication steps:

  1. oral exam, treatment plan, preliminary impressions (clinical)
  2. make custom trays on preliminary casts (lab)
  3. border molding and secondary impressions (clinical)
  4. master casts, record bases, and occlusion wax rims (lab)
  5. maxillo-mandibular relations, teeth selection (clinical)
  6. arrange maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth (lab)
  7. anterior trial placement (clinical)
  8. arrange maxillary and mandibular posterior teeth (lab)
  9. Trial placement in wax and patient approval (clinical)
  10. ?
A

Process dentures, lab remount (lab)

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39
Q

Complete dentures fabrication steps:

  1. oral exam, treatment plan, preliminary impressions (clinical)
  2. make custom trays on preliminary casts (lab)
  3. border molding and secondary impressions (clinical)
  4. master casts, record bases, and occlusion wax rims (lab)
  5. maxillo-mandibular relations, teeth selection (clinical)
  6. arrange maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth (lab)
  7. anterior trial placement (clinical)
  8. arrange maxillary and mandibular posterior teeth (lab)
  9. Trial placement in wax and patient approval (clinical)
  10. process dentures, lab remount (lab)
  11. ?
A
  1. clinical remount, occlusal corrections, insertion (clinical)
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40
Q

Complete dentures fabrication steps:

  1. oral exam, treatment plan, preliminary impressions (clinical)
  2. make custom trays on preliminary casts (lab)
  3. border molding and secondary impressions (clinical)
  4. master casts, record bases, and occlusion wax rims (lab)
  5. maxillo-mandibular relations, teeth selection (clinical)
  6. arrange maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth (lab)
  7. anterior trial placement (clinical)
  8. arrange maxillary and mandibular posterior teeth (lab)
  9. Trial placement in wax and patient approval (clinical)
  10. process dentures, lab remount (lab)
  11. clinical remount, occlusal corrections, insertion (clinical)
  12. ?
A
  1. post-insertion recalls (clinical)
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41
Q

What are the patient classifications?

A
  1. philosophical
  2. exacting/critical
  3. hysterical
  4. indifferent
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42
Q

What types of patients is the easiest to treat?

A

philisophical or indifferent

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43
Q

What types of patients are the hardest to treat?

A

hysterical or exacting/critical

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44
Q

A patient who is the mechanical engineer type, they want to know EVERYTHING about what you are doing:

A

exacting/critical patient

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45
Q

A patient that is nervous all of the time and is overly emotional, they can’t seem to adapt to losing their teeth:

A

hysterical

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46
Q

A patient that comes in because his wife wants him to fix his teeth, he personally does not care:

A

indifferent

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47
Q

The intraoral exam is both:

A

visual and tactile

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48
Q

When doing an intra oral exam, what should you look at?

A

mucosa, basal seat, arch form, and inter-arch space

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49
Q

When looking at the mucosa in an intraoral exam, you should note:

A

colors and contours

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50
Q

When looking at the basal seat during an intraoral exam, you should note the:

A

height, contour, ridge, parallelism, palatal vault shape

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51
Q

When looking at the arch form during an intraoral exam, you should note whether the arch is:

A

square, tapering, or ovoid

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52
Q

Allows for the intraoral soft tissues to form the length, width, and shape of custom tray borders prior to making secondary impression:

A

border molding

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53
Q

Where attached mucosa is: (albumin mucosa)

A

border

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54
Q

Posterior teeth are removed; denture placed immediately after the removal of natural teeth:

A

immediate denture

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55
Q

All of the teeth are removed the day of denture placement

A

complete denture

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56
Q

_____ people are edentulous in atleast 1 arch

A

36 million

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57
Q

_____ complete dentures are done each year

A

5.5 million

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58
Q

Edentulous patients are more likely to be:

A

obese and nutrient deficient

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59
Q

If you smoke you are _____ to be edentulous

A

3x as likely

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60
Q

______ of gross income in the average general practice comes from partial and complete edentulism

A

27%

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61
Q

Causes of denture movement:

A
  1. resiliency of tissue
  2. instability of dentures
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62
Q

Almost all principles of complete denture fabrication have been formulated to ____ of dentures or to _____ transmitted to the supporting structures

A

decrease movement; minimize forces

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63
Q

A problem with dentures is that in the edentulous state, there are few natural _____ left. The dentures rest on tissues that will:

A

adaptive mechanisms; change progressively and irreversibly

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64
Q

In natural dentition, where does our support come from?

A

dentin, cementum, PDL, alveolar bone

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65
Q

Support in the natural dentition:

______ area of PDL in each arch

A

45cm squared

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66
Q

Mean denture-bearing areas:

Maxilla=

Mandible=

A

23cm squared (maxilla)

12cm squared (mandible)

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67
Q

What happens to the mean denture-bearing areas as the ridges resorb?

A

they decrease

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68
Q

Living bone responds to functional stress by depositing bone in areas of stress:

A

Wolff’s Law

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69
Q

Edentulous have very little _____ to functional stress on alveolar bone

A

adaptation

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70
Q

Wearing dentures is almost always accompanied by:

A

undesirable loss of bone

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71
Q

Residual ridge resorption occurs because:

A

bone is not a static tissue

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72
Q

Pressure on the ridge causes blood supply to be ____ which in turn causes _____

A

interrupted; bone reabsorption

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73
Q

Partly covered by a layer of cortical bone after teeth are extracted

A

maxillary ridge

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74
Q

Crest remains spongy, trabeculated and not resistant to resabsoprtion:

A

mandibular ridge

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75
Q

Where is the primary denture support area on the mandibular arch:

A

buccal shelf

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76
Q

Resorption is 4x more severe on the ______ arch

A

mandibular

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77
Q

To minimize residual ridge resorption, we want to minimize the _____ by _____.

A

minimize the pressure ; spreading pressure out onto a wider support base

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78
Q

Dentures should be removed from the mouth for atleast ______ hours per day to allow the tissues to rest

A

8 hrs

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79
Q

Proper impression techniques include:

  1. record tissues _____
  2. Extend denture base using ___ within _____.
  3. Placement of pressure on those tissues ____.
A
  1. record tissues at rest
  2. extend denture base using maximum support area, within physiological limits
  3. Placement of pressure on those tissues best able to tolerate it
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80
Q

To help minimize residual ridge resorption, there should be no contact of ______ in centric relation closure.

A

opposing anterior arches

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81
Q

To help minimize residual ridge resorption, _____ & ______ at delivery in order to reduce occlusal discrepancies (ensure occlusal harmony)

A

clinical remount and equilibration

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82
Q

Decrease the pressure per unit area by extending the denture base to cover the maximum area within physiological tolerance

A

snowshoe principle

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83
Q

The snowshoe principle deals with what aspect

A

support

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84
Q

More saliva contact=

A

more contact adhesion

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85
Q

More saliva contact= more contact adhesion

This deals with what aspect?

A

retention

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86
Q

Proper peripheral extension =

A

good border seal

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87
Q

Proper peripheral extension = good border seal

This deals with what aspect?

A

retention

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88
Q

Quantity and quality of saliva affect:

A

denture retention

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89
Q

Dryness presents much difficulty for denture wearers- discomfort, ulcerations, retention loss, and chewing problems

A

xerostomia

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90
Q

Autoimmune and inflammatory conditions
Graft vs. host disease
IgG G4- related sclerosing disease
Amyloidosis
Sarcoidoisis
Infections such as HIV, AIDS, Hep C
Salivary gland aplasia or agenesis

What do all these have in common?

A

Associated with xerostomia

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91
Q

Anticholinergic drugs
Antihistamines
Antihypertesnive agents
Opioids
Psychotropic agens
Skeletal muscle relaxants

What do all these have in common?

A

All cause xerostomia

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92
Q

Amount of retention is directly proportional to the ____ of the denture base material, to the ___ covered by the denture base, and to the ____ of the saliva.

A

wettability; area; viscosity

RETENTION DIRECTLY PROPORTIONAL TO THESE

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93
Q

Maxilla has _____ retention than the mandible

A

MORE

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94
Q

Dentures do not cure _____

A

edentulism

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95
Q

Dentures are not substitutes for _____, they are substitutes for ____.

A

natural teeth; no teeth

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96
Q

The patient personality and _____ plays a major role in the overall complete denture success

A

relationship with the dentist

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97
Q

A patients mismatched perceptions and expectations may mean:

A

treatment failure

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98
Q

Well-adjusted, positive self image (psychological, social, and interpersonal) is an important determinant of:

A

denture satisfaction

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99
Q

The presence of ______ does not significantly affect ability to achieve a successful outcome with complete dentures

A

less-than-ideal intra-oral anatomy

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100
Q

Mucosa that is highly keratinized, and the best denture support:

A

masticatory

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101
Q

Mucosa that is thin, non-keratinized; mucosa of the lips and cheek

A

Lining

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102
Q

Lining mucosa forms a seal against dentures but does not:

A

resist stress

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103
Q

Keratinized mucosa found on the dorsal surface of tongue, contains taste buds

A

specialized

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104
Q

What are the 3 types of mucosa?

A
  1. masticatory (best denture support)
  2. lining
  3. specialized
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105
Q

Characteristics of idea denture-bearing tissue:

A
  1. firmly bound, keratinized masticatory mucosa
  2. zone of connective tissue and submucosa
  3. underlying cortical bone
    muscle attachments near by
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106
Q

Routine reabsorption pattern following extraction of teeth results in smaller maxilla when compared to dentate arch:

A

Centripetal resoprtion

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107
Q

Centripetal resorption is the is the routine reabsoprtion pattern _____ resulting in _____ when compared to dentate arch.

A

following extraction of teeth; smaller maxilla

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108
Q

In centripetal resoprtion, the maxilla shrinks:

this can result in going from a class ____ to class ___

A

inward and upward

class I to class III

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109
Q

The labial frenum: (maxillary)

  1. Must be accommodated during _______
  2. Contains no _____
  3. Inserts in _____ direction
  4. Little ____ movement and function
  5. _____ in denture should be narrow
A
  1. impression
  2. muscle fibers
  3. vertical direction
  4. lateral movement
  5. notch
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110
Q

The labial vestibule: (maxillary)

  1. Space between _____ and ______.
  2. Reflection contains no ____.
A
  1. labial frenum and buccal frenum
  2. muscle fibers
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111
Q

The space between the labial frenum and buccal frenum:

A

labial vestibule

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112
Q

The buccal frenum: (maxillary)

  1. Single or multiple- located in area of ______
  2. _____ direction of reflection
  3. May contain few fibers of _____
  4. Notch in denture is broad since movement of frenum is affected by ____ and ______.
A
  1. premolars
  2. anti-posterior
  3. caninus muscle
  4. buccinators and orbicularis oris msucle
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113
Q

Notch in the denture is broader at the _____ frenum than at the _____ frenum

A

Buccal; labial

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114
Q

Buccal vestibule may also be called: (2)

A

corono-maxillary space; retrozygomatic space

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115
Q

The space between the buccal frenum and hamular notch:

A

buccal vestibule (retrozygomatic space)

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116
Q

In the buccal vestibule, you can palpate _____ just buccal to 1st maxillary molar

A

zygomatic process

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117
Q

____ affects the retrozygomatic space (buccal vestibule) when moving the jaw side to side

A

coronoid process

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118
Q

The buccal vestibule (retrozygomatic space) must be filled vertically and laterally by ______ to prevent ingress of air and loss of retention of maxillary denture

A

denture flange

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119
Q

Extension of denture into the border:

A

denture flange

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120
Q

What is commonly incompletely captured in preliminary impressions?

A

Buccal vestibule (retrozygomatic space)

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121
Q

What technique can be used to capture the buccal vestibule (retrozygomatic space) in preliminary impressions?

A

syringe technique

122
Q

The coronoid process: (maxillary)

  1. Place mirror head lateral to _____ to view coronoid process
  2. move _____ to opposite side and note binding or pain
  3. This gives us indication of ____ for flange
A
  1. tuberosity
  2. mandible
  3. width of the retrozygomatic space
123
Q

The coronoid process give us indication of the width of the retrozygomatic space for flange:

Open =
Closed =
side to side =

A

narrow
wider
more narrow

124
Q

The hamular notch may also be called:

A

pterygomaxillary notch

125
Q

Narrow cleft between tuberosity and pterygoid hamulus:

A

hamular notch

126
Q

The maxillary denture must extend into the _____ area

A

hamular notch

127
Q

The posterior border of the denture lies along the:

A

hamular notch

128
Q

The hamular notch contains _____ for comfort and retention

A

soft displaceable tissue

129
Q

The hamular notch is sometimes posterior to where ____ in the soft tissue appears

A

depression

130
Q

3 words to describe the maxillary tuberosity:

A

oversized, resorbed, undercut

131
Q

Edentulous patients must have these surgically removed fro dentures to fit:

A

maxillary tuberosities

132
Q

Soft displaceable tissue on the lingual side:

A

glandular tissue

133
Q

Tissue that is used to attach and maintain maxillary denture

A

glandular tissue

134
Q

Junction of moveable and immovable tissues of the soft palate:

A

Vibrating line

135
Q

The vibrating line is located on the ____.

The vibrating line is NOT located at the:

A

soft palate

junction of hard and soft palate

136
Q

The tissues at the vibrating line are yielding and ____.

A

easily displaced

137
Q

Saying _____ moves the soft palate up.

____ moves the soft palate down.

A

ahhhh

valsalvas maneuver

138
Q

The denture should end at the _____ (anterior to hamular notches)

A

vibrating line

139
Q

The vibrating line is anterior to the:

A

hamular notches

140
Q

Coalescence of mucous glands in the general area of the vibrating line , unique to humans, individual variation

A

fovea palatini

141
Q

Fovea palatini are located on each side of the:

142
Q

The primary support area for the maxillary denture

A

Hard palate

143
Q

median palatine raphe may also be called the:

A

midline palatine suture

144
Q

A bony midline structure, no cushioning effect:

A

median palatine raphe

145
Q

What maxillary landmark may require relief when covered by the denture:

A

median palatine raphe

146
Q

Where is the secondary support area for maxillary dentures:

147
Q

Resists the anterior displacement of denutre:

148
Q

Anatomical area to help chew food and develop speech:

149
Q

Landmark for setting anterior teeth (maxillary)

A

incisive papilla

150
Q

Pad of connective tissue overlying nasopalatine canal opening:

A

incisive papilla

151
Q

What maxillary area is not tolerant of pressure from denture?

A

Incisive papilla

152
Q

Ideal palatal vault form is:

A

medium depth, with well defined rugae in anterior

153
Q

Residual ridges may be what shapes?

154
Q

What may require removal prior to maxillary denture placement?

A

torus palatinus

155
Q

Located distal to the junction of hard and soft palates (On the vibrating line)

A

Posterior palatal seal

156
Q

The posterior palatal seal contains a ____ tissue area that may be slightly ____ without harm

A

glandular; compressed

157
Q

What is the purpose of the posterior palatal seal?

A

retention of maxillary denture

158
Q

The functions of the posterior palatal seal include:

  1. Completes ____ of maxillary complete denture
  2. Compensates for ____ in processed resin
  3. Gives firm contact with tissue of soft palate which reduces _____.
A
  1. border seal
  2. dimensional changes (shrinkage)
  3. gagging
159
Q

The classification of soft palate is according to how it:

160
Q

Classification of soft palate:

Class I: _____ tissue available
Class II: ______ tissue available
Class II: _____ tissue available

A

Class I: 5-12 mm
Class II: 3-5mm
Class III: less than 3mm

161
Q

The “ideal” class of soft palate, easiest to tolerate, broadest range, and hardest to locate:

162
Q

The “adequate” class of soft palate, most common:

163
Q

The “unfavorable” class of soft palate, easiest to locate, hardest to tolerate, have to spot on vibrating line:

164
Q

In the mandibular arch, both the labial _____ and _____ are present

A

labial frenum; labial vestibule

165
Q

Located in the mandibular arch, may contain fiber which attach to “modiolus”, a structure at corners of mouth where 8 muscle converge

A

buccal frenum

166
Q

Primary support area for mandibular complete denture

A

buccal shelf

167
Q

Flat area posterior to buccal frenum:

A

buccal shelf

168
Q

The buccal shelf is between the height of the ____ and ____

A

ridge & external oblique ridge

169
Q

The denture base should completely cover the: (mandibular)

A

buccal shelf

170
Q

Describe the resorption of the buccal shelf:

A

resorbs slowly

171
Q

Narrow, ligamentous band extending rom hamulus to mylohyoid ridge:

A

pretygomandibular raphe

172
Q

____ muscle and ____ muscle fibers enter at the pterygomandibular raphe

A

buccinator; superior pharyngeal constrictor

173
Q

Limits the length of maxillary and mandibular dentures:

A

pterygomandibular raphe

174
Q

When the ______ is prominent, it can cause pain and loosening of denture

A

pterygomandibular raphe

175
Q

If the pterygomandibular raphe is prominent is requires _____ (to fix pain and loosening of denture)

A

relief groove

176
Q

primary support area for mandibular denture along with the buccal shelf:

A

retromolar pad

177
Q

Triangular pad of soft tissue at posterior end of mandibular residual ridge:

A

retromolar pad

178
Q

What is the importance of the retromolar pad?

A

An important landmark where you end the denture

179
Q

The retromolar pad must be covered by:

A

denture base

180
Q

What results when the retromolar pad is not covered by the denture base?

A

excessive resorption of residual ridge

181
Q

Retromolar pad is created from:

A

scarring after extractions

182
Q

The contents of the retromolar pad include:

A
  1. glandular tissue
  2. loose submucosa
  3. fibers of buccinators and superior pharyngeal constrictor muscles
  4. pterygomandibular raphe
  5. temporalis muscle fibers
183
Q

Anterior attachment of tongue that overlies the genioglossus muscle:

A

lingual frenum

184
Q

The lingual frenum is the anterior attachment of tongue that overlies the:

A

genioglossus muscle

185
Q

The origin of the mylohyoid muscle:

A

mylohyoid ridge

186
Q

Determines the depth of the denture in the lingual aspect (lingual flange):

A

mylohyoid ridge

187
Q

The mylohyoid ridge can be _____ and/or _____ requiring relief.

A

prominent; sharp

188
Q

The mylohyoid ridge is attached to the:

A

floor of mouth

189
Q

The mylohyoid ridge does not stay ____ and is deeper ____ and rises _____.

A

flat; anteriorly; posteriorly

190
Q

Space from the lingual frenum to retromylohyoid curtain in posterior

A

alveololingual sulcus

191
Q

Where the floor of the mouth meets the alveolar ridge:

A

alveololingual sulcus

192
Q

The alveololingual sulcus is determined by the patients:

A

movement of tongue and floor of mouth

193
Q

Distal end of lingual sulcus

A

retromylohyoid space

194
Q

The area posterior to the mylohyoid space:

A

retromylohyoid space

195
Q

On the mandibular denture, a good seal at the _____ aids in retention and stability

A

retromylohyoid eminence

196
Q

In the retromylohyoid space, the denture flange adapts laterally to body of mandible creating a:

197
Q

A secondary support area within the mandibular denture:

A

residual ridge

198
Q

The size of the residual ridge:

A

decreases with time

199
Q

Anatomy of the retromylohyoid space includes these structures:

A
  1. mylohyoid muscle
  2. palatoglossus muscle
  3. superior constrictor muscle
  4. pterygomandibular raphe
  5. buccinator muscle
200
Q

Implants into the mandible and lateral-canine areas will help support an:

A

over denture

201
Q

Dentures are retained by ____ but supported by ___

A

implants; tissue

202
Q

In order to place an implant, there must be:

A

enough bone in all areas

203
Q

Why don’t we want to place an implant in the premolar area?

A

because mental nerve is here

204
Q

Why would would we not want to place an implant into the molar area?

A

too close to jaw- too much force

205
Q

mandibular implants should be anterior to the:

A

mental forament

206
Q

Impression material may be:

A

inelastic/rigid, elastic, or irreversible hydrocolloid

207
Q

Alginate impression material is an example of:

A

irreversible hydrocolloid

208
Q

Indelible markers that mark wet tissue with tip so we know where to extend the impression:

A

thompson markers

209
Q

What area do we preload prior to taking maxillary impression?

A

palatal vault

210
Q

The maxillary preliminary impression should include: (7)

A
  1. residual ridge
  2. buccal and labial vestibules
  3. frenal attachments
  4. fovea palatiae and vibrating line
  5. palate
  6. tuberosities
  7. hamular notches
211
Q

What area do we preload prior to taking mandibular impressions?

A

buccal vestibules

212
Q

Mandibular preliminary impression should include: (8)

A
  1. residual ridge
  2. retromolar pads
  3. buccal shelves
  4. external oblique ridges
  5. frenal attachments
  6. retromolarmyelohyoid spaces
  7. alveolar lingual sulcus
  8. labial and buccal vestibules
213
Q

Impression made for the purpose of diagnosis or for the construction of a tray:

A

preliminary impression

214
Q

Negative registration of the entire denture bearing, stabilizing, and border seal areas present in the edentulous mouth:

A

secondary/final impression

215
Q

What impression do you make the dentures on?

A

secondary/final

216
Q

Thermo-plastic material (green sticks), combination of wax and resin, used to help make accurate impression of mouth (border molding):

A

impression compound

217
Q

The inside of the denture:

218
Q

The outside of the denture:

219
Q

Where teeth used to be naturally between cheeks and muscles:

A

neutral zone

220
Q

Attempt to exert as little pressure as possible when taking impression; the objective is to capture tissues in their most undisturbed/undisplaced form:

A

minimal pressure impression

221
Q

The rationale of minimal pressure impression is that if tissues are in ____ using an accurate, _____ impression material, retention and stability are increased.

A

undisturbed state; free-flowing

222
Q

Create a “window” in tray to coincide with moveable tissue (so tissues don’t flatten out)

A

mucostatic technique

223
Q

The impression material in the mucostatic technique is low ____ and high _____

A

low viscosity; high flow

224
Q
  • impression made with soft tissue under significant loade
  • impression material is more viscous
  • impression tray is seated, patient closes mouth with force while material sets
A

function pressure impression

225
Q

Theory that denture base-tissue contact during function would be more intimate if tissue is recorded under compression:

A

functional pressure impression

226
Q

What type of impression do we perform in lab?

A

selective pressure impression

227
Q

Creating pressure in certain areas such as the hard palate on the maxilla and both buccal shelf and retromolar pad on mandible, while maintaining minimal pressure on other areas:

A

selective pressure impression

228
Q

Where might we create more pressure in a selective pressure impression?

A

maxilla- hard palate
mandible- buccal shelf and retromolar pad

229
Q

In a selective pressure impression- areas with moveable, weaker tissue should not:

A

take heavy loads

230
Q

How do we select areas of pressure and non-pressure while taking an impression?

A
  1. wax-space relief
  2. drill vent-holes in tray
  3. grind the tray for relief space
  4. combination of all
231
Q

When taking secondary impressions:

  1. mucosa should be:
  2. impression material is of:
  3. seat and ____ until set
A
  1. healthy
  2. low viscosity
  3. hold impression
232
Q

Prior to taking the secondary impression , the patient should remove their existing dentures for atelast:

A

24 hours prior to taking final impression

233
Q

Defines denture border in length, width, shape, and contour:

A

border molding

234
Q

When border molding is completed, it should resemble:

A

anticipated denture border

235
Q

When border molding, ensure there is ____ of space present between the vestibular reflection and tray border

A

2mm of space

236
Q

In maxillary border molding, the try must extend into each _____ and just beyond/posterior to the _____.

A

hamular notch, vibrating line

237
Q

In boxing an impression:

  1. Impression is put into a mixture of:
  2. pour up yellow stone cast into:
  3. width of vestibule is defined by ___ on casts
A
  1. 50/50 plaster and pummice
  2. boxed impression
  3. land area
238
Q

-highly accurate
- high elasticity
- pleasant taste, odor, and colors
- may be poured 1 week after making the impression
- multiple pours possible
- can be used with both stock and custom trays

A

PVS advantages

239
Q
  • more rigid than condensation silicones
  • may release hydrogen, causing imperfections in the stone casts (delay pour for 1 hr)
  • hydrophobic in nature
  • latex gloves can improve polymerization
  • expensive
A

PVS disadvantages

240
Q

used to support the record rim material for recording maxilla-mandibular records:

A

record/trial bases

241
Q

We want to extend record bases all the way to the:

242
Q

discarded during denture processing (resin, triad)

243
Q

actually becomes part of the complete denture (processed resin, metal)

244
Q

The role of record bases/wax rims:

A
  1. establish RVD
  2. establish OVD
  3. establish IOD
  4. establish tentative occlusal plane
  5. determine and record CR
  6. transfer jaw relationship to articulator
  7. enable “trial denture” arrangement
245
Q

RVD=

A

rest vertical dimension

246
Q

OVD=

A

occlusal vertical dimension

247
Q

IOD=

A

interocclusal distance

248
Q

Record bases must be: (characteristics)

A

rigid, stable, smooth, contoured and comfortable, and accurately fitting to ensure retention and stability

249
Q

Faulty record bases contribute to the most common errors of:

A

CD fabrications

250
Q

-improper occlusal vertical dimension (OVD)
- inaccurate centric relation registrations (CR)
- unstable “trial denture”
-decreased patient confidence in dentist

These all may be due to:

A

faulty record bases

251
Q

Wax occlusal rims are an analogue (replacement) for the mouth’s:

A

neutral zone

252
Q

Used to establish jaw relationships and to arrange artificial teeth to form “trial denture”

A

wax occlusal rims

253
Q

used in developing the vertical dimension of occlusion, and used in making tentative centric relation record, also serves as a general aid in selection of teeth:

A

wax occlusal rims

254
Q

wax rim checklist:

Thickness dimensions:
anterior length= _____ maxillary, ______ mandibular
posterior region= _____
anterior region= ____

A

22mm maxillary; 18mm mandibular
8mm posterior
5-7mm anterior

255
Q

Plane of occlusion is referred to as:

A

campers plane

256
Q

line running from the ala of the nose to the tragus of the ear:

A

campers plane

257
Q

Plane that is ideally considered parallel to the occlusal plane:

A

camper’s plane

258
Q

occlusal plan is at an angle of 10 degrees relative to the _____ plan, when viewed in the mid-sagittal plane

A

Franfort horizontal plane

259
Q

Distance between two points (nose and chin) when teeth are IN CONTACT

A

occlusal vertical dimension (OVD)

260
Q

Distance between two points (nose and chin) when mandible is in its physiological rest position:

A

rest vertical dimension (RVD)

261
Q

postural position the mandible assumes when all muscles of the jaw are at rest, lips ARE touching, but teeth are NOT touching

A

physiological rest position

262
Q

at physiological rest position ____ exists between opening and closing muscles:

A

Equilibrium

263
Q

The space between the teeth when the mandible is in physiological rest position:

A

Interocclusal dimension (IOD)

264
Q

RVD=

(equation)

265
Q

Reproducible posterior hinge position of the mandible (home plate)

A

centric relation

266
Q

Is CR reproducible?

267
Q

Equation for OVD:

A

OVD= RVD-3mm

268
Q

Interocclusal dimension (IOD) is usually:

A

2-4mm anteriorly

269
Q

closest relationship of the incisal edges of teeth during function and rapid speech (saying “s” words- teeth should NOT touch)

A

freeway space (closest speaking space)

270
Q

In recording centrical relation, we have two phases:

A
  1. getting entire mandible retruded (bimanual technique)
  2. positioning the condyle-disc assembly in the uppermost anterior position (touching posterior wall)
271
Q

When recording centric relation the wax rims should:

A

NOT CONTACT IN ANTERIOR

272
Q

When selecting denture teeth:

anterior teeth are for:
posterior teeth are for:

A

anterior- esthetics
posterior- function

273
Q

When selecting denture teeth beware of the:

A

dog jk indifferent patient

274
Q

1/16 of the bizygomatic width=

A

the width of the central incisor

275
Q

the bizygomatic width divided by 3.3 = combined width of the 6 anteriors on a:

A

flat plane

276
Q

corner of mouth marked on wax rim= combined width of 6 anteriors on:

A

curved plane

277
Q

5 ways to determine width of anterior teeth:

  1. measure the width of the central incisor on the:
  2. 1/16 of the bizygomatic width =
  3. bizygomatic width divided by 3.3 =
  4. corners of mouth marked on wax rim=
  5. use the _____ facial meter
A
  1. existing denture
  2. the width of the central incisor
  3. combined width of anterior 6 on flat plane
  4. combined width of anterior 6 on curved plane
  5. interalar
278
Q

4 ways to determine length of anterior teeth:

  1. measure length of the central incisor on the:
  2. evaluate the _____ (avoid gummy smile)
  3. 1/16 of the distance from the hairline to the ____= the length of the central incisor
  4. measure the distance between the maxillary and mandibular _____.
A
  1. existing denture
  2. smile line
  3. gnathion
  4. ridges
279
Q

The trubyte tooth indicator is based on the _____ for central incisor width

It is also based on the _____ and _____ for the length of the central incisor

A

bizygomatic width

hairline; gnathion

280
Q

based on age, sex, and personality:

A

dentogenics

281
Q

based on shape of face:

A

geometric theory

282
Q

In the geometric theory, the maxillary central incisor resembles the ____ form

A

inverted face

283
Q

What shapes of anterior teeth can be chosen?

A

square, square tapering, tapering, ovoid

284
Q

The objective of the combo of ______ and _____ is to harmonize the teeth with their surrounding structure in an attempt to avoid detection and provide an esthetic appearance

A

dentogenics and geometric theory

285
Q

The 3 points connected on each side of the face used when selection anterior teeth:

A
  1. temple
  2. zygomatic arch
  3. angle of mandible
286
Q

Biorform Mould classification system consists of 2 numbers followed by a letter…
1st number:
2nd number:
letter:

A

1st number= shape category

2nd number= proportion and contour (straight/curved, long, medium or short)

letter= width of upper 6 anterior teeth on a curve

287
Q

Procelain teeth:

Pro:

Con:

A

pro: esthetics

Cons: clacking sound, abrasive, weight

288
Q

acrylic resin teeth:

Pro:

Con:

A

pro: easily adjusted, chemical bond to resin

cons: occlusal wear

289
Q

When setting the maxillary anterior teeth from a horizontal view, the incisal edges of the central incisors should be approximately _____ anterior to the midpoint of the incisive papilla.

290
Q

When setting the maxillary anterior teeth, from a frontal view, approximately ___ of the central incisors should be visible at rest.

291
Q

When setting the maxillary anterior teeth from a frontal view, the plane of the maxillary anterior teeth should be parallel to the:

A

interpupillary line

292
Q

When setting the maxillary anterior teeth from a frontal view, when smiling, the incisal edges should follow the line of the:

293
Q

horizontal overlap:

vertical overlap:

A

1-2 mm

zero- 0.5mm

294
Q

When setting posterior teeth, the mandibular teeth should be on a flat plane and extend _____ up the retromolar pad:

295
Q

The static relationship between masticating surfaces of maxillary or mandibular teeth:

296
Q

The static and dynamic contact relationship between occlusal surfaces during function:

A

articulation

297
Q

anatomic occlusion is ____ occlusion, while non-anatomic and lingualized occlusion is _____ or _____.

A

balanced

balanced or non-balanced

298
Q

bilateral, simultaneous, anterior and posterior occlusal contact of teeth in centric and ecentric positions

(curve of spee and wilson)

A

balanced occlusion

299
Q

What is a disadvantage of balanced occlusion?

A
  1. greater lateral forces on alveolar ridges
  2. difficult for class II, III, and crossbites
300
Q

In Hanau’s Quint:

Incisal guidance is based on:

Condylar guidance is based on:

A

anterior influence

posterior influence

301
Q

In regard to Hanau’s Quint:

what is the one factor that is FIXED because it is anatomically determined?

A

Condylar guidance

Complete Removable Prosthodontics (2 decks)

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