Midterm Flashcards

1
Q

What are the core social work values

A

Value 1: Respect for the Inherent Dignity and Worth of Persons
Value 2: Pursuit of Social Justice
Value 3: Service to Humanity
Value 4: Integrity of Professional Practice
Value 5: Confidentiality in Professional Practice
Value 6: Competence in Professional Practice

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2
Q

What is a dual relationship? Why should they be avoided?

A

A dual relationship in which there is both a counselling relationship and another type of relationship, such as friendship or sexual intimacy.
In dual relationships, the counsellor has a personal interest that may conflict with the client’s interests. This may lead to intended or unintended exploitation, harm, manipulation, or coercion of clients.
Dual relationships must be avoided because of their potential harm to clients and the risk of damage to the image of the profession.

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3
Q

What is confidentiality and what are the exceptions to confidentiality?

A

Absolute confidentiality means the client disclosures are not shared with anyone.
Relative confidentiality means that information is shared within the agency with supervisors or colleagues, outside the agency with the client’s permission, or in courts of law owing to legal requirements, such as child abuse legislation.
Usually, clients can be assured only of relative confidentiality.
Exceptions: harm to self, harm to other, harm to a vulnerable persons, subpoenaed and team approach

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4
Q

What principles are used when solving ethical dilemmas?

A

1) autonomy
2)Beneficence
3) Nonmaleficence
4) justice
5) fidelity
6) societal interest

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5
Q

What is the ethical principle hierarchy from top to bottom

A

1) protection of life
2) equality and inequality
3) autonomy and freedom
4) least harm
5) quality of life
6) privacy and confidentiality
7) truthfulness and full disclosure

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6
Q

Who is an immigrant?

A

a person from another country who has been accepted by the Canadian government as a permanent resident

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7
Q

Who is a refugee?

A

A person offered protection by the government of Canada because of a justified fear of persecution in his or her country

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8
Q

What are some of the problems faced by immigrants to Canada?

A

Language, employment, poverty, discrimination, culture shock, parent-child relationship friction, male-female role adjustment issues, seniors, counseling

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9
Q

What are the three types of contracts?

A

relationship, work, and anticipatory

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10
Q

What does a relationship contract involve?

A

past experiences, discussion of expectations and beliefs about counselling, feedback, goals, logistics, need to know information

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11
Q

What does a work contract involve?

A

Defines long-term and sessional objectives and focus

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12
Q

What does an anticipatory contract involve?

A

planning for future events, potential obstacles and challenges.

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13
Q

What are the barriers to culturally intelligent practice?

A

-Counsellors lack of knowledge
-Using a one size fits all approach
-Failure to honour diversity
-Less time and energy invested with minority group clients
-Failure of professional education programs to adequately address issues
-Client distrust in the process

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14
Q

What is transference?

A

The tendency of clients to communicate with their counsellors in the same way that they communicated to significant people in the past

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15
Q

What is countertransference?

A

The positive or negative wishes, fantasies, and feelings that a counsellor unconsciously directs or transfers to a client, stemming from his or her own unresolved conflicts

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16
Q

What are the four phases of counselling?

A

Preliminary- preparing the setting/interview planning
Beginning- Establishing trust/contracting and building the relationship
Action- goal setting/explore and implementing alternatives
Ending- ending the relationship/evaluating the work/planning the next steps

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17
Q

List some defence mechanisms

A

Acting out, displacement, humour, passive aggressive, rationalization, regression, splitting, suppression, denial, dissociation, intellectualization, projection, reaction formation, repression

18
Q

What are client variables to unsuccessful counselling?

A

motivation, capacity, opportunity

19
Q

What are counsellor variables to unsuccessful counselling?

A

burnout and vicarious trauma, trauma exposure response, personal problems, loss of objectivity

20
Q

What is counselling?

A

Time-limited relationship to help clients deal with demands of life eg, problem management, crisis, relationship, unmanageable feelings

21
Q

What are the 3 variables of counselling?

A

Client Variable, Counsellor Variable, Process Variable

22
Q

What is the main goal of interviewing?

A

Information Gathering

23
Q

What is the focus of counselling?

A

-Coping with feelings/support
-Problem solving
-Relationship problem solving
-Assist with decision making
-Promoting insight
-Crisis intervention
-Help to access resources
-Improve communication

24
Q

What is a trauma-informed practice?

A

-Trauma awareness (counsellor & client)
-Emphasis on safety and trustworthiness
-Makimize clients right to make choices
-Insure collaboration
-Focus on strengths

25
Q

What are the core conditions?

A

Warmth, empathy, positive regard and genuineness

26
Q

What is immediacy?

A

a tool for exploring, evaluating and deepening counselling relationships.

27
Q

Why do counselling relationships end?

A

-The goals have been reached
-Lack of time or competence of counsellor
-Lack of counsellor objectivity
-Situation factors such as illness, moving ect
-Little potential for success
-If clients are threatening, violent or high
-Clients not committed to the counselling process
-Unresolvable boundary violations

28
Q

What are some ways to deal with listening obstacles?

A

-Be patient
-Focus on trust
-Control distractions and stay focused
-Stop assuming
-Personal reactions
-Listening does not mean agreeing
-Self-awareness
-Remembering

29
Q

What are the skills of active listening?

A

-Silence
-Asking questions
-Paraphrasing
-Empathy
-Summarizing
-Attending

30
Q

What is silence?

A

Silence is the absence of sound not communication

31
Q

What are some reasons silence occurs?

A

-Thinking time
-Confusion
-Experiencing painful feelings
-Trust issues
-Clients usual style
-Closure

32
Q

What does LIVE stand for?

A

-Listen
-Identify
-Verbalize
-Evaluate

33
Q

What is an open question?

A

promote expansive answers, can’t be answered with a yes or no (who, what, where, when, why, how?)

34
Q

What is a closed question?

A

Can easily be answered with simple yes or no “did you go by yourself” (can, will, do, have, did, are?)

35
Q

What is an indirect question?

A

Statements that imply questions (Im curious about how you responded)

36
Q

What are the 3 domains?

A

Active (feeling)
Cognitive (thinking)
Behavioural

37
Q

What are some questioning pitfalls?

A

-Lending questions
-Excessive questioning
-Multiple questions
-Irrelevant questions
-Poorly times questions
-Why questions

38
Q

What are some reasons clients don’t answer questions?

A

-Lack of understanding
-Unclear purpose
-Answers not known
-Privacy issues
-Unresolved relationship issues

39
Q

What are simple encouragers and directives?

A

Short phrases and gestures that encourage clients to continue with their stories. Non verbal gestures, such as head nods, sustained eye contact, and attended silence convey support and interest
Directives - short statements that provide direction to clients on topics, information, and pace (eg “tell me more”)

40
Q

What are some questions for problem solving?

A

-What do you see as possible strategies for overcoming this problem?
-What are the costs and benefits of this alternative?
-How would you feel if you took this step? How would you feel if you did not ?
-What prevents you from taking action?
-How can you overcome this barrier?
-What else do you need to make it happen?
-What do you see as your first step toward change?
-How can you make it (your goal) happen?
-What strengths or resources will help you achieve your goal?
-When will you start?