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pol 100 > midterm > Flashcards

midterm Flashcards

1
Q

What is social power?

A

A productive capacity of persons to bring about ends

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2
Q

How do we the people have power in a democracy?

A

The power to vote

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3
Q

What does it mean to have “power-over” someone?

A

The ability to get someone to do something that they wouldn’t otherwise do

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4
Q

What is Dahls concept of power? (face one)

A
  • A has power over B to the extent that A can get B to do something B otherwise wouldn’t do but for As influence
  • ex. Mike can get steve who is taller than him to grab Mike an apple from a tree
  • Face one: decision making
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5
Q

According to Dahl, Why do people allow themselves to suffer disadvantages?

A
  • Theyre apathetic and satisfied with the status quo, or theyre preoccupied with other things
  • ex. Increase in taxes is disadvantrages but noones has rioted since were happy with status quo of society and pre occupied working
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6
Q

What is the power of Barriers and threats? (face two)

A
  • We can influence someone by influencing the process by which decision-making occurs in several ways ie changing rules of game, making threats, mobilizing bias
  • Ex. I may threaten you (or refuse to help pay for something) if you don’t side with me on an issue so you are influenced to do what I want as to not suffer
    (non-decision making power)
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7
Q

What is Lukes concept of power (face three)?

A
  • A gets B to do what B doesnt want to do but A doesnt prevent B from acting and doesnt interfere with B, A shapes B in such a way that B does what A wants
  • ex. Media, employment, Advertisement
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8
Q

What are social institutions?

A

Sites where our actions are formed
ex. hospital is where treatment of sick or wounded is formed, school is where education is formed

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9
Q

What is dominant narrative?

A
  • What stories & history tell us compared to what we dont know/ what they dont tell us
  • Ex. canada is widely known as a peaceful multicultural place but recently found dead indigenous children residential schools
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10
Q

What happened in the movie El Contracto (tomato)

A
  • Mexican migrant workers work in awful conditions,
  • treated like shit by employers who know theyre easy to replace
  • payed horribly but dont have a choice since its still better than back in mexico,
  • one worker was chocked by a manager reported to higher ups, and it was swept under rug
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11
Q

What is an ideology? (form basis of)

A

A system of ideals that form the basis of economic, political and policy

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12
Q

What are the 4 core features of Ideologies?

A
  • They must understand the world we live in
  • Understand the role and importance of human nature
  • Understand the way society ought to be structured
  • Useful device to persuade others that your view is correct
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13
Q

What is classical liberalism? (The belief that society arises ___)

A
  • 17th century,
  • the belief that society arises out of a need to avoid the challenges of living without a common authority that would resolve problems.
  • Advocates for free market, civil liberty less power to govt
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14
Q

What is the classical liberalism perspective on economy?

A

Government not involved in the economy,
high taxes,
free market

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15
Q

What are the core features of classical liberalism? (4 features) (A/L,RoL,Cg,Sep of P)

A
  • Autonomy/liberty (we are free and equal)
  • Rule of law (guides behavior)
  • Consensual government (formation of govt is our choice by voting)
  • Separation of powers (no one holds all the power)
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16
Q

What is constitutionalism? (classical liberalism)(power limits)

A

governments legally defined limits of power, where their authority ends

ie govt can only do as much as it is allowed to do within the legal limits of law

17
Q

What is the harm principle? (classical liberalism)

A

The principle that the only good reason the government should intervene is to prevent harm to others ie policing

18
Q

What is conservatism? (3 points)

A
  • Believes in order and stability, (seek order & stability)
  • the old ways/laws that are tired and true are better, (prefer familiar to unfamiliar)
  • need for strong government for defense against danger from outside and withing (need for guidance and authority)
19
Q

What is the conservative perspective on economy?

A

Government limited role in economy Low taxes, free-ish trade

20
Q

What is Libertarianism?

A

Commitment to liberty, especially economic liberty, role of government is to enable freedom using exchange behaviour we can make society better

21
Q

What is the libertarian perspective on economy?

A
  • Low taxes,
  • free trade/market,
  • privatized healthcare, education, roads

The government is a moral agent the market will fix problems government makes them worse although they might replace tyranny of govt with tyranny of market

22
Q

What is welfare liberalism?

A

Protect the vulnerable, Freedom to live a flourishing life through access to important goods,

job of government is to protect us and prevent people from falling behind ie starving, homeless

23
Q

What is the welfare liberalism perspective on the economy?

A
  • HIGH taxes, Active involvement of government in the economy, cautious trade, public ownership of healthcare, education, transportation
  • Redistribution policies to create real equal oppurtunities
24
Q

What are the 3 Ideologies’ positions on sex work?

A

Libertarian: support it, do with your body as you please to make money

Conservatives: criminalize it to protect marriage and dissuade men from indecent behavior

Welfare: thinks its exploiting the vulnerable, decriminalization is still better than criminalization

25
Q

What is income inequality?

A

Women make 68 cents on every dollar men make, men make more based on their gender not on the amount/quality of their work

26
Q

What is liberal feminism? (Root cause perceived ___)

A
  • Believes the root cause of gender inequality is percieved female inferiority
  • Women are equally talented and given equal chance through policy will succeed
27
Q

How would a liberal feminist bring about equality (3 points)?

A
  • Changes in law and customary practices
  • Promote autonomy and liberty of women
  • Once women given equal opportunities will be as successful as men
28
Q

What is Radical feminism?

A
  • Grew out of disappointment with liberal feminism
  • Believes root cause of gender inequality is institutionalized sex marketing
    ie men are taught to be aggressive, dominant, providers
    women are taught to be thin young and sexually desirable
29
Q

How would a radical feminist bring about equality (3 points)?

A
  • Equal pay, equal employment
  • Active enforcement of rules prohibiting sexual harassment and sexual violence
  • Increased family assistance subsidies (food, welfare, unemployment insurance)
30
Q

What is Marxist feminism?

A
  • Believes the root cause of women’s inequality lies in capitalism
  • For women, capitalism facilitates working jobs to the advantage and is supervised by men
  • Women provide for the family while men don’t as much and if women divide their time between work and family their pay stagnates (discouraging women from doing both)
31
Q

How would a Marxist feminist bring about equality (3 points + the obvious 1)?

A
  • Enhance the position of women as workers, equal pay for equal work
  • Greater parental and family leave with child care
  • More generous taxation and raise the minimum wage to help women and families at lowest level,
  • End goal dissolve capitalism
32
Q

What is the invisible hand theory (free market 1%)

A

desires of resource suppliers and producers to further their own self-interest will automatically further the public interest ex. The number of cars people are buying fluctuates based on the economy health so companies manufacture more cars to meet demand

33
Q

What is positive and negative liberty?

A
  • Positive: the ability to fulfill ones purpose ie freedom to do what you want
  • Negative: freedom from interference from anyone ie right to privacy
34
Q

What is Lockian State of Nature?

A

Locke argues the state of nature a person is to use the power to punish punish to preserve their society
ie use power to keep thinks the way they like it

35
Q

What is rule of law?

A

The restriction of power by limiting it to established laws

36
Q

What is political socialization?

A

How people develop an understanding of their own political standing through socialization with parents, peers, school, experiences etc

37
Q

What is political culture?

A

A set of shared views held by a population regarding its political system

ex. American political culture is defined by freedom, equality and justice while

Canadian emphasizes constitutional law, regional autonomy and freedom of religion

38
Q

What is young, old and mature democracy?

A
  • young: transitioned from undemocratic to democratic ie iraq america forced democracy
  • Old: consolidation of new democratic practices to deep sedimentation to face modern problems
    ie America started democratic stayed and adapted democratic
  • Mature: deepening of democratic practices
    ie England becomes more democratic
39
Q

What are the 5 differences between idealized and actual Democracy?

A
  1. Effective participation: everyone affected by policies should have a say (in reality 1% make most decisions)
  2. Voting equality: each vote has the same weight regardless of class/wealth (voting doesn’t really matter anymore)
  3. Inclusion of all adults: everyone has a voice
  4. Enlightened understanding: anyone with adequate knowledge can make an informed decision about how we deploy power
  5. Control of agenda: those impacted by decisions should be able to debate them

pol 100 (1 decks)

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