midterm Flashcards
Managing Thinking Errors
*Mindfulness
*Self observation
*Willingness to have 6th Sense Experiences
*Nomothetic measures can be helpful/essential
best defense against inaccurate
conclusions
- Using valid & reliable measures
- Using multiple methods of measuring
What does Using valid & reliable measures do?
Guard against bias/blindspots
What does Using multiple methods of measuring do?
Blend the various strengths and weaknesses
every instrument inevitably has
Attributes of a Good Test
*Reliability–consistency
*Validity–measures what it purports to measure
*Clear instructions for administering, scoring and
interpreting
*Efficient use (incremental validity)
RULES for Assessment
*Do no harm (non-malfeasance)
*Do good (beneficence)
*Promote autonomy (informed consent)
*Be just (be fair)
New assessment measures
-Wartegg Drawing Completion (CWS)
-Adult Attachment Projective
-Thurston Cradock Test of Shame
General Domains of Psychological
Assessment
*Personality assessment (traits and states)
*Intellectual assessment
*Neuropsychological assessment
*Vocational assessment
Intelligence
It is a general label for a group of processes that are
inferred from observable behaviors.
General areas of most definitions (for Intelligence):
- Abstract thinking
- Learning from experience
- Solving problems through insight
- Adjusting to new situations
- Focusing and sustaining one’s abilities to
achieve a desired goal
General Domains of Psychological
AssessmentAssessment
- Personality assessment (traits and states)
- Intellectual assessment
- Neuropsychological assessment
-Vocational assessment
Factors that can Influence Scores
- Test anxiety
- Willingness to cooperate
- Level of distress
- Depression or psychosis
- Tendency to agree or disagree
- Prior experience with the test or coaching
-Luck - Examiner skill
- Personal characteristics of examiner in interaction
with the test-taker
Four Major Traditions in
Approaching Intelligence
- Psychometric Approaches
- Information Processing Approaches
- Neuro-biological Approaches
- Developmental Approaches
PSYCHOMETRIC APPROACHES
Assumes intelligence is a trait in which there
are individual differences (normally distributed)
- started with Binet
Psychometric Approaches—Spearman (1904)
Proposed “g” or a general factor common to all types of intellectual activity and “s” specific factors to each task