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Music Appreciation > Midterm > Flashcards

Midterm Flashcards

1
Q

type or category of music (symphony, opera, string quartet, etc.)

A

Genre

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2
Q

the distinctive sound of the music, influenced by the period

A

style

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3
Q

components of musical language

A
  • Melody
  • Rhythm
  • Harmony
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4
Q

the “tune” that consists of pitches combined with durations, the part of the song we hum or whistle and gets stuck in our heads

A

melody

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5
Q

the relative position of a musical sound

A

pitch

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6
Q

an even pulse that divides musical time into equal units

A

Beat or rhythm

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7
Q

the organization of beats into groups, usually identified at the beginning of a piece and kept throughout the composition

A

meter

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8
Q

a group of beats marked by vertical lines in the score

A

measure

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9
Q

the speed at which beats occur

A

tempo

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10
Q

if melody is the horizontal dimension of pitch, this is the vertical dimension

A

harmony

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11
Q

scale that is usually associated with joy, confidence, tranquility

A

Major Scale

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12
Q

scale that is usually associated with fear, anxiety, sorrow, despair

A

minor scale

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13
Q

harmony of pitches that sound momentarily disagreeable and unstable

A

dissonant harmony

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14
Q

harmony of pitches that sound agreeable and stable

A

consonant harmony

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15
Q

the quality of sound produced by a voice or instrument

A

timbre (tam-ber) or color

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16
Q

one unaccompanied melodic line

A

monophonic texture

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17
Q

two or more equally important, relatively independent lines

A

polyphonic texture

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18
Q

one melody, accompanied by chords

A

homophonic texture

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19
Q

music notation system developer, arguably the most important figure in the development of written music in the Western world

A

Guido of Arezzo

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20
Q

True or False: The ancient Greeks believed that melody spoke directly to the emotions

A

True

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21
Q

the distance between a melody’s highest and lowest notes

A

range

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22
Q

a melody that moves smoothly, gradually ascending and/or descending

A

conjunct

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23
Q

a melody that has wide skips or leaps, with rapid changes in direction

A

disjunct

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24
Q

the simultaneous sounding of three or more pitches

A

a chord

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25
Q

intervals and chords that sound sweet and pleasing to the ears

A

consonant

26
Q

intervals and chords that sound harsh and convey a sense of tension or instability

A

dissonant

27
Q

sometimes called a refrain, this set of lyrics recur to the same music within a given song

A

chorus

28
Q

a set of lyrics that are generally just heard once over the course of a song

A

verse

29
Q

might be thought of as a father of the modern study of acoustics

A

Phythagoras

30
Q

True or false: The Roman Empire used music to unify it’s people, thinking if they worshipped together they would unit during political struggles

A

True

31
Q

the time period from 800-1400

A

the middle ages

32
Q

True or false: instruments were rarely used in medieval worship so most chant was sung a cappella

A

true

33
Q

worship service to celebrate and consume bread and wine, representing flesh and blood of Jesus Christ

A

Mass

34
Q

similar to chants, but sung at evening services in Latin

A

hymns

35
Q

given to the Catholic Church by her family at the age of 14 to study Latin and theology at the local monastery. she is known as the first composer. She founded 3 convents. famous hymn ‘‘Ave Generosa’’

A

Hildegard of Bingen (1098-1179)

36
Q

initially all church music use triple time meter, to associate with perfection and the trinity concept

A

true

37
Q

the most important poet and composer of his century in France, best known for medieval music

A

Guillaume de Machaut

38
Q

Machaut’s famous composition, known for being one of the first to set all five movements of the mass ordinary as a complete whole.

A

Mass of Nostre Dame (c. 1364 CE)

39
Q

courtly love is for a beloved, without any concern for whether or not the love will be returned

A

true

40
Q

time period from 1400s-1600s

A

Renaissance

41
Q

a Catholic priest that complained the meaning of the words of mass were lost in the beautiful polyphony of the music, began the Protestant Reformation

A

Martin Luther

42
Q

The humanism movement accelerated by the invention of the printing press, which allowed mass reproduction of the classical text

A

true

43
Q

On 10/31/1517, this priest challenged the Catholic Church by posting The Ninety-Five These on the doors of the Castle Church in Wittenberg, Germany

A

Martin Luther

44
Q

printing press that was a key component in the reformation by distributing knowledge and contributing to the Renaissance, Scientific Revolution, and Protestant reformation

A

Gutenberg Press

45
Q

this method was utilized by Renaissance composers to represent poetic images musically

A

Word painting

46
Q

known for composing one of the best Renaissance period’s songs - Flow, My Teares

A

John Dowland

47
Q

also known as plain chant or plain song, this collection of thousands of religious songs was sung in Latin

A

Gregorian Chant (named for Pope Gregory the Great)

48
Q

one of the greatest composers of the Renaissance

A

Josquin Desprez (1455-1512)

49
Q

rise of instrumental music, new genres such as opera, oratoria, concerto, cantata, fugue

A

Baroque period

50
Q

similar to opera, but without costumes or staging; typically biblical topics

A

Oratorio

51
Q

the beginning of the Baroque Period is synonymous with the birth of opera

A

true

52
Q

a single individual sings a melody line that follows the inflections and rhythms of speech

A

recitative

53
Q

beginning instrumental piece of an opera

A

overture

54
Q

wrote one of the first operas, regarded for having developed opera into a new powerful genre

A

italian composer Claudio Monteverdi (1567-1643)

55
Q

created instruments of the violin family that are still sought after today as some of the finest specimens of instruments ever made

A

Antonio Stradavari (1644-1737)

56
Q

italian composer of the concerto that lived in Venice, Italy most of his life, but was renowned as a violin performer - not a composer

A

Antonio Vivaldi (1678-1741)

57
Q

nicknamed “the red priest’’ because of his hair color; taught music to girls in an orphanage

A

Antonio Vivaldi

58
Q

known as the inventor of the English Oratorio (sacred opera that is not staged, combined musical resources of his day)

A

George Frideric Handel (1685-1759)

59
Q

Handel’s most famous oratorio ‘‘Messiah’’ had the words taken straight from the King James version of the Bible by his librettist instead of putting the story into his own words.

A

true

60
Q
  • written in 24 days
  • popular because it is sung in English
  • Libretto (text) compilation of old and new testament biblical verses about Christ
  • The Hallelujah chorus is the most famous chorus written by any composer and closes the second part of Messiah.
A

The Messiah (written by Handel)

61
Q

played for barges and boats when they come in, royal parties

A

water music

62
Q

-orphaned at a young age and raised by his older brother in Germany
-best known as a renowned virtuoso organist (not composer)
-married his first wife in 1707, who was possibly his cousin, and had 7 children together
-had 13 children with a young singer, second wife, but half did not survive infancy
-personal life was centered on his large family.
-wrote home school music for the children
-composed over 1000 pieces of music

A

Johann Sebastian Bach (1685-1750)

Music Appreciation (1 decks)

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