MIDTERM Flashcards
Three “P’s” of Planning:
Process: Preliminary design phase, entitlement process, CEQA if applicable to project, Submitting the project then review by the planning commission to see if it complies with he zoning and local ordinances.
Participants: Planning commission, developers, architects, engineers, contractors, property owners, lawyers, concerned citizens,
Products:General Plan (also includes community plans and specific plans)
Zoning Ordinance
Subdivision
Fulton’s Six Ongoing Issues that Affect Planning in California:
- Political nature of planning process
- State-local fiscal crisis
- Competition and lack of cooperation
- Location and price of housing
- Sprawl vs. compact urban form
- Equity and environmental justice
Fulton’s Five Current Socioeconomic Trends Shaping California Planning:
- Population growth and Demographic change
- Dwindling Land Supply
- Gentrification and Environmental justice
- Continued Suburban Development in Inland Areas
- Climate Change and Wildfires (not developing in a high risk area, which can result in not enough affordable housing)
Local Land Use Decision Categories (3):
Legislative-(Create policy) General policy decisions that establish rules that everyone must follow, approve / adopted by city council and supervisors, subject to initiative & referendum
Quasi-judicial (discretionary)-decisions that apply legislative policy to individual development projects and involve discretion of the local government. Interprets policy but doesn’t; set it. Approved/ Declined by planning commission (appeals to city council) not subject to initiative and referendum.
Ministerial acts (no governmental discretion, by right)-Actions in which the local government doesn’t have any discretion Approved by staff, as long as you follow the criteria
Metropolitan Planning Organization (MPO) and Council of Governments (COG)
Designed to encourage regional governance
Act as a regional planning agency/ serve as a think tank on regional policy issues
Comprised of local officials
MPOs conduct transportation planning (as designated by the federal government)
*They do not have local land use decision making authority.
Examples are SANDAG, ABAG, SCAG
Planning Commission
The planning commission is committee of five or more individuals appointed by the local governing body to review and act on planning and development related issues. It has four key roles and responsibilities
- Advisory
- ensure implementation: of general plan by reviewing development applications
- Transparency: Provide a forum for community engagement and input
- Decision-making authority: for certain types of projects
Planning Department
- Maintain / update the general plan and coordinate city planning efforts
- provide recommendations to the planning commission
- supply information to elected officials and the public
- prepare the capital improvements program and budget
- facilitate interdepartmental cooperation
Police Power
Power that permits governmental entities to restrict private activities in order to protect the public health, welfare and well being (under the California constitution) public morals. (Suppose to be vague)
Sustainability/Sustainable Development
Sustainability
(UN Brundtland
Commission, 1987)
“Meeting the needs of the
present without
compromising the ability of
future generations to meet
their own needs”
Sustainable Development is
an integrated approach
that considers
environmental concerns
and economic development
United Nations Sustainable Development Goals-
- Held in NYC
- Led to the adoption of [Agenda 2030] which included 17 sustainable development goals (SDGs) at its core
- combined the SDGs have 169 targets and 232 indicators
Goal Targets:
●Access to safe, adequate and affordable
housing
●Access to safe, affordable, sustainable
transportation
●Foster inclusive, equitable development
●Protect our cultural and natural
resources
●Reduce deaths due to natural disasters
●Reduce adverse environmental impacts
in cities
●Provide universal access to green public
spaces
●Support links between urban, peri-urban
and rural settlements
●Support sustainable building practices
in our least developed countries
Green Infrastructure
“A strategically planned network of high-quality natural and semi-natural areas with other environmental features, which is designed and managed to deliver a wide range of ecosystem services and protect biodiversity in
both rural and urban settings.”
Individual house and block level
-Rain barrels at individual houses
-permeable pavers at individual houses
Neighborhood level
-Urban tree planting initiatives
-Green alleyways
City Level
-Open space and /or park systems
-Green parking
-Green roof programs
Regional Level
-Protection of large open spaces
-Protection of wetlands
Zoning ordinance
The law that codifies the division of all city land into districts/zones that specifies permitted uses and the standards required for each district/ zone into one documents Components of the Zoning Ordinance:
1. use
2. management
3. form for each district/zone
General Plan Elements
- Identify the community’s land use circulation housing, environmental, economic and social goals and policies as they relate to land use and development
- provide a basis for local government decision making including decisions on development approvals
- provide citizens with opportunities to participate int he planning and decision-making processes of their community
- Inform citizens, developers, decision makers, and other cities of the ground rules that guide development within the community
Climate Action Plan (CAP)
Common Components of a CAP
1. Mobility-(promotes forms of transportation other than cars)
2. Energy-(Encourages use of renewable energy and materials)
3. Land Use-(Promote compact development)
4. Consumption-(Improve recycling and reduce waste)
5. Water Use-(Conserve and, where possible, refuse gray water)
6. Regional Planning-(Coordinate among different government agencies)
Environmental Planning
The theory and practice of making good, interrelated devisions about the following:
Natural environment (natural resources, wildlife and natural hazards)
Working landscapes (farms, forests, and lands from which minerals are extracted)
Public health (air and water pollution, toxics and waste disposal)
The built environment
