Midterm Flashcards
foreign policy
scope of involvement; set of goals strategies and instruments selected by policy makers
foreign policy porcess
how policies get on the agenda, formulated, and implemented
War powers act
- congress failed in terms of over sight in the Vietnam war
- resolution: congress stated that president can only send troops with congressional approval or if they are already being attacked
3 stipulations of the war powers act
- president must consult with congress before action and thereafter regularly
- president must inform congress 48 hours before military action
- troops cannot stay for more than 60 days
how did the presidents react to the war powers act
- they tend to find loop holes around it and justify that it does not apply to what they are doing
- they think it is unconstitutional
what are the war powers acts effects on the presidents
- did not end the presidents unilateral use of force
- did make the president more selective in their decision to use force
bureaucracy
- a complex, specialized organization filled with highly educated non-elected officials
bureaucratic political appraoch
- bureaucratic agencies that use cooperation and bargaining to get policies
arguments for bureaucratic politics
- improve efficiency, accountability, competence, consistency and fairness
arguments against bureaucratic politics
- self interested
- group think, slippage, slow adaptation, fragmentation
why create the department of state
- 1789, successor to the department of foreign affairs, essential for foreign affairs
5 purposes of the department of state
- represent the US gov over seas
- represent foreign governments and people to the US government
- analyze and report on foreign events
- advise the president
- diplomacy and negotiations
positions in the state department
- secretary of state
- embassies
- consulate
- ambassadors
- deputy chief of mission
- country team
5 reasons of 4th decline of the DOS
- growing importance of international affairs/ rise of American power
- expansion of foreign policy bureaucracy
- global communications revelation
- increasing reliance on force
- increasing importance on international economics
critiques of the state department
- inefficient, slow, unresponsive, unable to lead USFP
3 types of aid
- grants
- soft loans
- debt relief
main reasons for giving out aid
- used to advance geopolitical interest
- advance business interest abroad
functions of the department of defense
- unify and centralize military forces
position in the joint chief of staff
- chairs
- vice chairman
- chief of staff of the arm y
- chief of naval operations
- chief staff of air force
- commandant of the marine corp
- chief of the national guard bureau
- chief of space operation
who and what do the chief of staff advise?
- secretary of defense
- president
Goldwater Nichols Act
- 1986
- made chair sole advisor to the president
- established vice chair and joint staff
- established combatant commands and under combatant commands
6 characteristics of the DOD
- managerial style officers expected to be warrior and manager
- purist of high technology : active in politics of defense
- careerism: climb the ladder
- belief in separation of politics and military combat
- principal of concentration in warfare strategy
- emerging commitment to joints
procedural and structural challenges of DOD
- coordination
- duplication
- information
office secretary of defense
- create to provide better civilian control of the military and to advise the president
5 phases of the intelligence community
- planning
- collection
- processing
- analyzing
- dissemination
what is the main issue with IC
- decentralization, coordination, and politicization
when was the NSC created?
- 1947
- to advise the president to promote coronation and integration of the USFP process
components of the NSC system
- NSC
- NSC advisor
- NSC staff
- NSC interagency process
NSC advisor
- advises the president
- overseeing implementation of policy they advise
- frames choice for the president
presidents level of influence in the NSC
2 aspects
- presidents organization, agenda, and level of involvement
- organization of the policy making process
state department centered system
- focuses on the lead agency for direction
white house centered system
- centralized decision making around the president
- focused on the NSC and the president
modern three tier sytem
- principal committees
- deputy committees
- working groups
when and why as the NEC created
- 1993 by Clinton and because of globalization and an economic boom
roles of the NEC director
- confers with president
- chairs meetings
Key agencies in the NEC
- treasury department: economic affairs
- secretary of treasury: advises president financial, economic, tax policy
- department of state: USAID
- department of agriculture: ag trade
- department of commerce: importation of foreign productions, international economic policy, trade promotion of non-ag goods
- department of labor: helps formulate international and economic trade policy that effect american workers
- department of energy: energy policy plans and programs
