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Skin Care > Midterm > Flashcards

Midterm Flashcards

1
Q

what is a facial?

A

a professional service designed to improve the appearance of the facial skin

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2
Q

what does a facial typically include?

A

-cleansing
-exfoliating-hydration
-treatment machines
-extractions
-serums
-massage
-masks
-moisurizers

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3
Q

Benefits of Facial Treatments

A

-deep cleanes
-exfoliates
-increased circulation & detoxifies
-relaxes
-addresses conditions
-softens
-lessens blemishes and ance
-supports skin health

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4
Q

Key steps to a facial

A

-consultation
-cleanse eye and lip
-pre cleanse
-skin analysis
-2nd cleanse
-exfoliate
-extractions
-massage
-treatment
-mask
-tone
-moisturize
-sunscreen
-homecare

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5
Q

Why do we Cleanse?

A

-removes dirt
-removes oil
-removes make up
-removes environmental pollutants

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6
Q

Why do we Tone?

A

-help further cleanse
-help further balance
*should be selected based on skin type

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7
Q

Why do we Moisturize?

A

-aids against aging
-exposure to environment
-replenish moisture & oil
-balance the skin

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8
Q

What SPF sunscreen should we use?

A

-SPF30 for face
-SPF15 for body

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9
Q

Pre-Service Set Up Guildlines

A

-station set up & organized
-greeting client
-thorough consultation
-changing instructions
-proper draping
-hand hygiene

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10
Q

Consultation Topics

A

-reason for treatment
-skin goals
-tell me about your skin
-home care routine
-how the skin feels at different times of day, after washing
-had a facial before?
-had recent esthetic procedures, how long
-sunscreen
-stress level

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11
Q

primary concerns

A

-fine lines around eyes
-scowl lines
-pigmentation
-age spots
-broekn capillaries
-skin sagging &elasticity lose
-breakouts
-extreme dryness & oiliness
-excessive hair growth

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12
Q

What will you find on the Forhead during the Skin analysis?

A

-congestion
-possible breakouts
-dehydration
-texture
-horizontal lines

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13
Q

What will you find around the eyes during the Skin analysis?

A

-congestions
-redness
-flakiness
-vertical lines/furrows
-milia
-fine lines
-dark circles
-puffiness
-sensitized
-irritation on lids

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14
Q

What will you find across the nose and cheek area during the skin analysis?

A

-sensitivity/hot spots
-dilated capillaries
-breakouts
-comedones
-milia
-vertical lines
-pigmentation
-heat

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15
Q

what will you find in the lip area and lower cheek area during the skin analysis?

A

-pigmentation
-hair growth
-breakouts
-signs of aging
-fine/deep lines

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16
Q

What will you find in the chin and jawline during the skin analysis?

A

-under surface congestion
-comedones
-breakouts
-cystic lesions

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17
Q

What will you find on the neck and declete?

A

-breakout activity
-pigmentation
-signs of aging
-sensitivity
-redness

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18
Q

Skin analysis process

A

-determine appropriate treatment & products
-determine causes of skin conditions & contraindications
-give better understanding of how to help client

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19
Q

how to identify skin types?

A

-evaluation of t-zone
-visualization
-palpation
-consultation

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20
Q

what are the 4 Skin Types?

A

-normal
-oily
-dry
-combination

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21
Q

how does normal skin types look & feel?

A

-oil:balanced
-hydration:balanced
-follicle size: very small
-appearance:uniform luminosity & no blemishes
-feel: smooth texture, good elasticity

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22
Q

how do we treat normal skin types?

A

-cleanse
-exfoliate
-nourish
-protect

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23
Q

expert tips for normal skin types?

A

-introduce antiaging products
-skin will becomes drier with age
reinforce use of sunscreen

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24
Q

What is the look & feel of combination skin type?

A

-Oil:moderate to high
-hydration:good to dehydrated
-follicle size:larger in t-zone
-appearance:buildup of dead skin & oil in pores around nose, comedones, & blemishes
-feel:oilier in center tzone

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25
Q

how do we treat combination skin?

A

-cleansing
-regular exfoliation
-water based products
-avoid harsh products & rough exfoliation

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26
Q

expert tips for combination skin types

A

-evaluate often as oil & hydration balance can be disrupted by hormonal & environmental influences
-reinforce sunscreen

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27
Q

what is the look & feel of oily skin types?

A

-oil:moderate to high
-hydration:good to dehydrated
-follicle size:moderate to large
-appearance:shiny, comedones & blemishes may be present
-feel: thick, firm & uneven due to congestion

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28
Q

How do we treat oily skin types?

A

-regular cleansing & exfoliation
-hydration with water based products
-treatments to balance oil production

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29
Q

expert tips for oily skin types

A

-may have comedones on neck, back, shoulders & chest
-age more slowly, oil acts to protect
-SPF to avoid post inflammatory hyperpigmentation
-acne

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30
Q

how does the dry skin type look & feel?

A

-oil:minnimal production
-hydration: minimal production
-follicle size: difficult to visualize, fine pores
-appearance: dull, lack of luminosity, flaky, blotchy
-feel: rough, thin & tight

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31
Q

how do we treat dry skin types?

A
  • oil based products
    -often has comprimied TEWL (transepidermal water loss)
    -treatments to provide nourishment & protection
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32
Q

expert tips for dry skin

A

-may often be dehydrated
-reinforce use of sunscreen

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33
Q

what is the Fitzpatrick Skin Types?

A

-scale used to measure skins reaction to the sun.

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34
Q

how many skin types are on the fitzpatrick scale?

A

there are 6 types
-type 1 being the fairest
-type 6 being the darkest

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35
Q

Fitzpatrick type 1 traits

A

-blue eyes
-blonde or red hair
-skin very white, almost translucent
-freckles
-always burns, peels from burn, doesnt tan

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36
Q

fitzpatrick type 2 traits

A

-blue,hazel, brown eyes
-red, blonde, or brown hair
light skin
-burns easily, usually peels, tans minimally

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37
Q

fitzpatrick type 3 traits

A

-brown eyes
-dark hair
-skin fair to olive
-tans well, burns moderately

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38
Q

fitzpatrick type 4 traits

A

-dark eyes
-dark hair
-skin light brown
-tans easily, burns minimally,immediate pigment response

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39
Q

fitzpatrick type 5 traits

A

-dark eyes
-dark hair
-dark brown skin
-rarely burns, tans easily & significantly

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40
Q

fitzpatrick type 6 traits

A

-dark eyes
-dark hair
-skin dark brown, black
-rarely/never burns, tans easily

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41
Q

characteristics of sensitive skin (fitzpatrick scale 1-3)

A

-bombarded by environmental stimuli, stress, sun exposure &unhealthy elements
-fragility, thin skin & redness
-easily irritated by products or by exposure to heat or sun, chapped from cold
-primary goals are to sooth, calm & protect

42
Q

characteristics of fitzpatrick skin type 4

A

-most challenging to treat
-great elasticy & firmness
- can become hyperpigmented
-requires sun protection to slow hyperpigmentation

43
Q

characteriistics of fitzpatrick skin type 5 & 6

A

-generally oiler & thicker skin
-reactions may be more challenging to see
-prone to ichthyosis & dead skin- cell buildup
-abnormal hypertrophic scarring
-sun protection still necessary

44
Q

treatment options for neck & decollete

A

-different skin from face
-shows aging more quickly
-more suseptible to irritaion, photodamage, broken capillaries, fine lines & wrinkles
-tech neck from repeated movement looking down
-topical treatments include antioxidants, grow factor serums, & additional moisture
-SPF protection

45
Q

factors that cause inrinsic aging

A

-time
-genetics
-gravity
-vitamin deficiencies
-dehydration
-hormones
-medical conditions

46
Q

factors that cause extrinsic aging

A

-sun exposure
-smoking
-drinking
-stress
-unhealthy diet
-lack of sleep
-lack of exercise
-misuse of products
-photosensitivity
-environmental exposure
-inappropriate skin care

47
Q

signs of aging

A

-hair loss
-gray hair
-thinner skin
-dry skin
-wrinkles
-hollowed sockets
-sunken cheeks

48
Q

healthy habits for the skin

A

-avoid sun exposure;use sunscreen
-eat a balanced diet
-do not smoke
-avoid exessive alcohol
-drink water
-get plenty of rest
-stay active & exercise regularly
-use beneficial skin care products regularly
-get professional skin care treatments
-implement stress relievers & maintain a calm, positive attitude

49
Q

contraindications

A

-certain skin diseases, disorders or irritations
-use of isotretinoin (completion 6 mth prior)
-skin thinning (avoid waxing, exfoliation & peeling treatments)
-pregnancy (avoid electrical treatments, chemical peels or aggressive ingredients)
-metal bone pins or plates (avoid electrical treatments)
-pacemakers & heart irregularities (avoid electrical treatments)
-allergies
-oral steroids (avoid stimulating, exfoliating or waxing)
-autoimmune diseases (avoid harsh stimulating treatments or products)
-diabetes ( get approval from physician)
-blood thinners ( use caution when performing extractions or waxing)

50
Q

forms to be completed before treatments

A

-intake form
-consent form
-client chart or service record

51
Q

what does client intake form include?

A

-client questionaire
-health history
-current skin care routine & lifestyle
-primary reason for visit

52
Q

what does the consent form include?

A

acknowledgment to procedure & risk & releasing you from liability prior to service

53
Q

what does client chart or service record card include?

A

-notes
-skin analysis
-treatment performed
-products used
-goals & recommendations

54
Q

questions to ask during client consultation

A

-reason for visit
-skin concerns
-skin care goals
-home care routine
-prior treatments
-allergies to products or scents
-normal state of skin
-feel of skin during different times of day
-sunscreen/SPF value
-diet
-water intake
-activiyt level
-smoker
-other allergies
-lifestyle stress
-prior esthetic prcedures/when?

55
Q

skin analysis procedure

A

1.review questionaire
2.wash hands
3.look breifly at skin
4.clense the skin
5.cover eyes
6.use magnifying glass to analyze the skin
7.look closely to skin type, conditions present, & overall appearance
8.touvh the skin with fingertips to feel texture, oil, water & elasticity
9.ask questions & describe findings
10.recommend skin care plan & home care regiman
11. record

56
Q

what is histology?

A

the study of the structure & composition of the tissue

57
Q

what is physiology?

A

the study of the function of the skin

58
Q

what is the aveerage PH balance?

A

5.5

59
Q

why is balanced PH of the skin important?

A

to protect the body from pathogens & regulate enzymatic functions

60
Q

what does 3/4 square inch of skin contain?

A

-9 ft of blood vessels
-30 hairs
-9000 nerve endings
-4 oil glands
-36 heat sensors
-600 pain receptors
-300 sweat glands
-13 yards of nerves
-6 cold sensors
-75 pressure sensors

61
Q

what does th integumentary system contain?

A

-skin layers
-nerves
-cellular functions
-hair follicles
-glands

62
Q

whats is healthy skin?

A

moist, soft, smooth, & somewhat acidic

63
Q

where is the skin thickest

A

palms of hands, soles of feet

64
Q

where is the skin thinnest

A

eyelids

65
Q

What are the skins functions?
(PASSER)

A

-Protection
-Absobtion
-Sense of touch
-Secretions
-Excretion
–Regulation (temp)

66
Q

what is the skins protection function?

A

the skin is the protective barrier to outside elements & microorganisms
-sebum protects from external factors
-melanin protects from the sun
-heals itself

67
Q

what is the skins sense of touch function?

A

stimulates & affects the body’s functions
-touch
-pain
-cold
-hheat
-pressure

68
Q

what is the skins heat regulation function?

A

when outside temp changes the skin adjusts to warm or cool the body

69
Q

bodys average temperature

A

98.6F/37C

70
Q

What is the skins exretion function?

A

the sweat glands perspire & detoxify the body by excreting excess salt & unwanted chemicals

71
Q

What is the skins secretion function?

A

sebum (oil) protects the surface of the skin & lubricates both the skin and the hair
-sebum helps slow down water evaporation

72
Q

what is the skins absorption function?

A

the skin selectivly absorbs topical products & creams through the hair follicle & sebaceous glands

73
Q

what are the 3 layers of the skin?

A

-epidermis
-dermis
-suncutaneous tissues

74
Q

what is the epidermis?

A

the outermost layer of the ski, made up of a thin protective layer & many nerve endings

75
Q

What is the dermis

A

is the live layer of connective tissue below the epidermis

76
Q

what is the subcutaneous layer?

A

at the bottom of the dermis. it is composed of adipose (fat) tissue. creates a protective cushion, smoothness to the body & a source of energy

77
Q

what are the 5 layers of the epidermis?

A

-startum germinativum
-stratum spinosum
-stratum granulosum
-stratum lucidum
-stratum corneum

78
Q

what are the 2 layers of the dermis?

A

-papillary layer
-reticular layer

79
Q

stratum germinativum

A

1st layer above the dermis, contains melanin

80
Q

stratum spinosum

A

cell apendages that hold the structures together

81
Q

stratum granulosum

A

is composed of cell that resemble granules. they are filled with keratin & produce intercellular lipids

82
Q

stratum lucidum

A

clear layer under that stratum corneum. only found on the pams and soles for extra barrier

83
Q

stratum corneum

A

the out layer, continuously being shed & replaces.
they layer estheticians are primarily concerned with

84
Q

papillary layer

A

connects the dermis to epidermis. nourishes skin

85
Q

reticular layer

A

deeper layer of ther dermis & contains the protein fibers which give it is strength & elasticity

86
Q

what cells is found in ther dermis?

A

-fiberblast cells
-collagen cells
-elastin cells

87
Q

what are fiberblast cells?

A

in the dermis are responsible for the formation of fibers & aid in the production of collagen & elastin

88
Q

what is collagen?

A

is a strong protein substacethat strengthens & gives structure to the skin. Makes up 70% of the dermis

89
Q

what is elastin?

A

is a fiberous protein, similar to collagen. these fibers contribute to the skins stretch & elasticity
-body does not replace it

90
Q

melanin

A

tiny grains of pigment that are produced by melanocyte & deposited into cells in the straum germinativum layer of the epidermis & in the papillary layer of ther dermis

91
Q

melanocytes

A

cells that produce skin pigment granulas in the basil

92
Q

melanosomes

A

carry & produce the protein called melanin

93
Q

sebaceous (oil) glands

A

connected to the hair follicles & produce oil.
-protects the skins surface
-these glands are larger on the face and scalp

94
Q

sudoriferous (sweat) glands

A

excrete perspiration regulate body temperature & detocify the body by excreting excess salt& unwanted chemicals

95
Q

acrocrine glands

A

coiled structures attatched to hair follicles found in the underarm & genital areas that secrete sweat

96
Q

eccrine glands

A

sweat glands found all over the body with openings on the skins surface through pores not attached to hair follicles, secretions do not produce an offensive odor

97
Q

cell protection

A

intercellular lipids & proteins surround cells to provide protection, hydration & nourishment

98
Q

cell replacement

A

-the body replaces billions of cells daily
-elastin and collagen are not easily replaced by the body
cell turnover is necessary to keep skin healthy

99
Q

sun damage

A

-greatest impact on how the skin ages 80-85% of aging
-UVA radiation-aging rays penetrate deeper
-UVB radiation- burning rays cause burning, tanning, agging &cancer

100
Q

sun damage

A

-greatest impact on how the skin ages 80-85% of aging
-UVA radiation-aging rays penetrate deeper
-UVB radiation- burning rays cause burning, tanning, agging & cancer

101
Q

health concerns

A

-under physician care
-under dermatologist care
-facial surgery
-body surgery
-spinal surgery
-hormone imbalance
-hystoryectomy
-thyroid condtions
-varicose veins
-pregnancy

102
Q

lifestyle concerns

A

-smoking
-hig caffiene
-restricted diet
-lack of exercise
-alcohol consumption
-menstrual cycle
-low water intake
-hig stress levels
-wearing contact lenses
-metal implants
-lactating

Skin Care (1 decks)

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