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Midterm Flashcards

1
Q

what is a facial?

A

a professional service designed to improve the appearance of the facial skin

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2
Q

what does a facial typically include?

A

-cleansing
-exfoliating-hydration
-treatment machines
-extractions
-serums
-massage
-masks
-moisurizers

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3
Q

Benefits of Facial Treatments

A

-deep cleanes
-exfoliates
-increased circulation & detoxifies
-relaxes
-addresses conditions
-softens
-lessens blemishes and ance
-supports skin health

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4
Q

Key steps to a facial

A

-consultation
-cleanse eye and lip
-pre cleanse
-skin analysis
-2nd cleanse
-exfoliate
-extractions
-massage
-treatment
-mask
-tone
-moisturize
-sunscreen
-homecare

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5
Q

Why do we Cleanse?

A

-removes dirt
-removes oil
-removes make up
-removes environmental pollutants

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6
Q

Why do we Tone?

A

-help further cleanse
-help further balance
*should be selected based on skin type

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7
Q

Why do we Moisturize?

A

-aids against aging
-exposure to environment
-replenish moisture & oil
-balance the skin

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8
Q

What SPF sunscreen should we use?

A

-SPF30 for face
-SPF15 for body

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9
Q

Pre-Service Set Up Guildlines

A

-station set up & organized
-greeting client
-thorough consultation
-changing instructions
-proper draping
-hand hygiene

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10
Q

Consultation Topics

A

-reason for treatment
-skin goals
-tell me about your skin
-home care routine
-how the skin feels at different times of day, after washing
-had a facial before?
-had recent esthetic procedures, how long
-sunscreen
-stress level

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11
Q

primary concerns

A

-fine lines around eyes
-scowl lines
-pigmentation
-age spots
-broekn capillaries
-skin sagging &elasticity lose
-breakouts
-extreme dryness & oiliness
-excessive hair growth

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12
Q

What will you find on the Forhead during the Skin analysis?

A

-congestion
-possible breakouts
-dehydration
-texture
-horizontal lines

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13
Q

What will you find around the eyes during the Skin analysis?

A

-congestions
-redness
-flakiness
-vertical lines/furrows
-milia
-fine lines
-dark circles
-puffiness
-sensitized
-irritation on lids

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14
Q

What will you find across the nose and cheek area during the skin analysis?

A

-sensitivity/hot spots
-dilated capillaries
-breakouts
-comedones
-milia
-vertical lines
-pigmentation
-heat

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15
Q

what will you find in the lip area and lower cheek area during the skin analysis?

A

-pigmentation
-hair growth
-breakouts
-signs of aging
-fine/deep lines

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16
Q

What will you find in the chin and jawline during the skin analysis?

A

-under surface congestion
-comedones
-breakouts
-cystic lesions

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17
Q

What will you find on the neck and declete?

A

-breakout activity
-pigmentation
-signs of aging
-sensitivity
-redness

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18
Q

Skin analysis process

A

-determine appropriate treatment & products
-determine causes of skin conditions & contraindications
-give better understanding of how to help client

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19
Q

how to identify skin types?

A

-evaluation of t-zone
-visualization
-palpation
-consultation

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20
Q

what are the 4 Skin Types?

A

-normal
-oily
-dry
-combination

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21
Q

how does normal skin types look & feel?

A

-oil:balanced
-hydration:balanced
-follicle size: very small
-appearance:uniform luminosity & no blemishes
-feel: smooth texture, good elasticity

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22
Q

how do we treat normal skin types?

A

-cleanse
-exfoliate
-nourish
-protect

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23
Q

expert tips for normal skin types?

A

-introduce antiaging products
-skin will becomes drier with age
reinforce use of sunscreen

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24
Q

What is the look & feel of combination skin type?

A

-Oil:moderate to high
-hydration:good to dehydrated
-follicle size:larger in t-zone
-appearance:buildup of dead skin & oil in pores around nose, comedones, & blemishes
-feel:oilier in center tzone

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25
how do we treat combination skin?
-cleansing -regular exfoliation -water based products -avoid harsh products & rough exfoliation
26
expert tips for combination skin types
-evaluate often as oil & hydration balance can be disrupted by hormonal & environmental influences -reinforce sunscreen
27
what is the look & feel of oily skin types?
-oil:moderate to high -hydration:good to dehydrated -follicle size:moderate to large -appearance:shiny, comedones & blemishes may be present -feel: thick, firm & uneven due to congestion
28
How do we treat oily skin types?
-regular cleansing & exfoliation -hydration with water based products -treatments to balance oil production
29
expert tips for oily skin types
-may have comedones on neck, back, shoulders & chest -age more slowly, oil acts to protect -SPF to avoid post inflammatory hyperpigmentation -acne
30
how does the dry skin type look & feel?
-oil:minnimal production -hydration: minimal production -follicle size: difficult to visualize, fine pores -appearance: dull, lack of luminosity, flaky, blotchy -feel: rough, thin & tight
31
how do we treat dry skin types?
- oil based products -often has comprimied TEWL (transepidermal water loss) -treatments to provide nourishment & protection
32
expert tips for dry skin
-may often be dehydrated -reinforce use of sunscreen
33
what is the Fitzpatrick Skin Types?
-scale used to measure skins reaction to the sun.
34
how many skin types are on the fitzpatrick scale?
there are 6 types -type 1 being the fairest -type 6 being the darkest
35
Fitzpatrick type 1 traits
-blue eyes -blonde or red hair -skin very white, almost translucent -freckles -always burns, peels from burn, doesnt tan
36
fitzpatrick type 2 traits
-blue,hazel, brown eyes -red, blonde, or brown hair light skin -burns easily, usually peels, tans minimally
37
fitzpatrick type 3 traits
-brown eyes -dark hair -skin fair to olive -tans well, burns moderately
38
fitzpatrick type 4 traits
-dark eyes -dark hair -skin light brown -tans easily, burns minimally,immediate pigment response
39
fitzpatrick type 5 traits
-dark eyes -dark hair -dark brown skin -rarely burns, tans easily & significantly
40
fitzpatrick type 6 traits
-dark eyes -dark hair -skin dark brown, black -rarely/never burns, tans easily
41
characteristics of sensitive skin (fitzpatrick scale 1-3)
-bombarded by environmental stimuli, stress, sun exposure &unhealthy elements -fragility, thin skin & redness -easily irritated by products or by exposure to heat or sun, chapped from cold -primary goals are to sooth, calm & protect
42
characteristics of fitzpatrick skin type 4
-most challenging to treat -great elasticy & firmness - can become hyperpigmented -requires sun protection to slow hyperpigmentation
43
characteriistics of fitzpatrick skin type 5 & 6
-generally oiler & thicker skin -reactions may be more challenging to see -prone to ichthyosis & dead skin- cell buildup -abnormal hypertrophic scarring -sun protection still necessary
44
treatment options for neck & decollete
-different skin from face -shows aging more quickly -more suseptible to irritaion, photodamage, broken capillaries, fine lines & wrinkles -tech neck from repeated movement looking down -topical treatments include antioxidants, grow factor serums, & additional moisture -SPF protection
45
factors that cause inrinsic aging
-time -genetics -gravity -vitamin deficiencies -dehydration -hormones -medical conditions
46
factors that cause extrinsic aging
-sun exposure -smoking -drinking -stress -unhealthy diet -lack of sleep -lack of exercise -misuse of products -photosensitivity -environmental exposure -inappropriate skin care
47
signs of aging
-hair loss -gray hair -thinner skin -dry skin -wrinkles -hollowed sockets -sunken cheeks
48
healthy habits for the skin
-avoid sun exposure;use sunscreen -eat a balanced diet -do not smoke -avoid exessive alcohol -drink water -get plenty of rest -stay active & exercise regularly -use beneficial skin care products regularly -get professional skin care treatments -implement stress relievers & maintain a calm, positive attitude
49
contraindications
-certain skin diseases, disorders or irritations -use of isotretinoin (completion 6 mth prior) -skin thinning (avoid waxing, exfoliation & peeling treatments) -pregnancy (avoid electrical treatments, chemical peels or aggressive ingredients) -metal bone pins or plates (avoid electrical treatments) -pacemakers & heart irregularities (avoid electrical treatments) -allergies -oral steroids (avoid stimulating, exfoliating or waxing) -autoimmune diseases (avoid harsh stimulating treatments or products) -diabetes ( get approval from physician) -blood thinners ( use caution when performing extractions or waxing)
50
forms to be completed before treatments
-intake form -consent form -client chart or service record
51
what does client intake form include?
-client questionaire -health history -current skin care routine & lifestyle -primary reason for visit
52
what does the consent form include?
acknowledgment to procedure & risk & releasing you from liability prior to service
53
what does client chart or service record card include?
-notes -skin analysis -treatment performed -products used -goals & recommendations
54
questions to ask during client consultation
-reason for visit -skin concerns -skin care goals -home care routine -prior treatments -allergies to products or scents -normal state of skin -feel of skin during different times of day -sunscreen/SPF value -diet -water intake -activiyt level -smoker -other allergies -lifestyle stress -prior esthetic prcedures/when?
55
skin analysis procedure
1.review questionaire 2.wash hands 3.look breifly at skin 4.clense the skin 5.cover eyes 6.use magnifying glass to analyze the skin 7.look closely to skin type, conditions present, & overall appearance 8.touvh the skin with fingertips to feel texture, oil, water & elasticity 9.ask questions & describe findings 10.recommend skin care plan & home care regiman 11. record
56
what is histology?
the study of the structure & composition of the tissue
57
what is physiology?
the study of the function of the skin
58
what is the aveerage PH balance?
5.5
59
why is balanced PH of the skin important?
to protect the body from pathogens & regulate enzymatic functions
60
what does 3/4 square inch of skin contain?
-9 ft of blood vessels -30 hairs -9000 nerve endings -4 oil glands -36 heat sensors -600 pain receptors -300 sweat glands -13 yards of nerves -6 cold sensors -75 pressure sensors
61
what does th integumentary system contain?
-skin layers -nerves -cellular functions -hair follicles -glands
62
whats is healthy skin?
moist, soft, smooth, & somewhat acidic
63
where is the skin thickest
palms of hands, soles of feet
64
where is the skin thinnest
eyelids
65
What are the skins functions? (PASSER)
-Protection -Absobtion -Sense of touch -Secretions -Excretion --Regulation (temp)
66
what is the skins protection function?
the skin is the protective barrier to outside elements & microorganisms -sebum protects from external factors -melanin protects from the sun -heals itself
67
what is the skins sense of touch function?
stimulates & affects the body's functions -touch -pain -cold -hheat -pressure
68
what is the skins heat regulation function?
when outside temp changes the skin adjusts to warm or cool the body
69
bodys average temperature
98.6F/37C
70
What is the skins exretion function?
the sweat glands perspire & detoxify the body by excreting excess salt & unwanted chemicals
71
What is the skins secretion function?
sebum (oil) protects the surface of the skin & lubricates both the skin and the hair -sebum helps slow down water evaporation
72
what is the skins absorption function?
the skin selectivly absorbs topical products & creams through the hair follicle & sebaceous glands
73
what are the 3 layers of the skin?
-epidermis -dermis -suncutaneous tissues
74
what is the epidermis?
the outermost layer of the ski, made up of a thin protective layer & many nerve endings
75
What is the dermis
is the live layer of connective tissue below the epidermis
76
what is the subcutaneous layer?
at the bottom of the dermis. it is composed of adipose (fat) tissue. creates a protective cushion, smoothness to the body & a source of energy
77
what are the 5 layers of the epidermis?
-startum germinativum -stratum spinosum -stratum granulosum -stratum lucidum -stratum corneum
78
what are the 2 layers of the dermis?
-papillary layer -reticular layer
79
stratum germinativum
1st layer above the dermis, contains melanin
80
stratum spinosum
cell apendages that hold the structures together
81
stratum granulosum
is composed of cell that resemble granules. they are filled with keratin & produce intercellular lipids
82
stratum lucidum
clear layer under that stratum corneum. only found on the pams and soles for extra barrier
83
stratum corneum
the out layer, continuously being shed & replaces. they layer estheticians are primarily concerned with
84
papillary layer
connects the dermis to epidermis. nourishes skin
85
reticular layer
deeper layer of ther dermis & contains the protein fibers which give it is strength & elasticity
86
what cells is found in ther dermis?
-fiberblast cells -collagen cells -elastin cells
87
what are fiberblast cells?
in the dermis are responsible for the formation of fibers & aid in the production of collagen & elastin
88
what is collagen?
is a strong protein substacethat strengthens & gives structure to the skin. Makes up 70% of the dermis
89
what is elastin?
is a fiberous protein, similar to collagen. these fibers contribute to the skins stretch & elasticity -body does not replace it
90
melanin
tiny grains of pigment that are produced by melanocyte & deposited into cells in the straum germinativum layer of the epidermis & in the papillary layer of ther dermis
91
melanocytes
cells that produce skin pigment granulas in the basil
92
melanosomes
carry & produce the protein called melanin
93
sebaceous (oil) glands
connected to the hair follicles & produce oil. -protects the skins surface -these glands are larger on the face and scalp
94
sudoriferous (sweat) glands
excrete perspiration regulate body temperature & detocify the body by excreting excess salt& unwanted chemicals
95
acrocrine glands
coiled structures attatched to hair follicles found in the underarm & genital areas that secrete sweat
96
eccrine glands
sweat glands found all over the body with openings on the skins surface through pores not attached to hair follicles, secretions do not produce an offensive odor
97
cell protection
intercellular lipids & proteins surround cells to provide protection, hydration & nourishment
98
cell replacement
-the body replaces billions of cells daily -elastin and collagen are not easily replaced by the body cell turnover is necessary to keep skin healthy
99
sun damage
-greatest impact on how the skin ages 80-85% of aging -UVA radiation-aging rays penetrate deeper -UVB radiation- burning rays cause burning, tanning, agging &cancer
100
sun damage
-greatest impact on how the skin ages 80-85% of aging -UVA radiation-aging rays penetrate deeper -UVB radiation- burning rays cause burning, tanning, agging & cancer
101
health concerns
-under physician care -under dermatologist care -facial surgery -body surgery -spinal surgery -hormone imbalance -hystoryectomy -thyroid condtions -varicose veins -pregnancy
102
lifestyle concerns
-smoking -hig caffiene -restricted diet -lack of exercise -alcohol consumption -menstrual cycle -low water intake -hig stress levels -wearing contact lenses -metal implants -lactating

Skin Care (1 decks)

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