Midterm Flashcards
What are the characteristics of FLACCID DYSARTHRIA?
-Weakness and reduced muscle tone, probs with execution
-Hypernasality
-Imprecise consonants
-Breathiness
-Monopitch
-Nasal emission
-Audible inspiration
-Harsh voice
-Shore phrases
-Monoloudness
Which of the 5 speech domains does FLACCID DYSARTHRIA affect?
all 5
What is the localization damage for FLACCID DYSARTHRIA?
-LMN
-Final common pathway
What are the neuromotor bases deficits in FLACCID DYSARTHRIA?
execution weakness
What neurodegenerative disease cause FLACCID DYSARTHRIA?
-ALS (most common)
- muscular dystrophy
What is a medical dx for FLACCID DYSARTHRIA?
surgical trauma to brainstem, head, neck, or upper chest
-myasthenia graves
What are the differential features of FLACCID DYSARTHRIA?
-Atrophy & fasciculations
-Hypotonia and hyperactive gag reflex common
-Loss of muscle tone
What are the characteristics of SPASTIC dysarthria?
-Slow rate + slow & regular speech AMRs+ strained/strangled voice quality
-hypernasal
-Fatigued when speaking
-Dysphagia comorbidity
-Difficulty controlling expressions of emotions
Which of the 5 speech domains does SPASTIC dysarthria affect?
Mainly in: respiratory, phonatory,
Articulatory,
May result in: prosody &resonance
Where is the localization damage in SPASTIC dysarthria?
-Bilateral UMN
-Damage to direct and indirect activation pathways of the CNS.
What are the neuromotor base deficits in SPASTIC dysarthria?
-Execution;
-spasticity
What neurodegenerative disease cause SPASTIC dysarthria?
-Primary lateral sclerosis
-Progressive pseudobulbar palsy
-ALS
-Primary progressive aphasia w/ apraxia of speech
What medical dx cause a SPASTIC DYSARTHRIA?
STROKE
What are the differential features of SPASTIC dysarthria?
-Too much muscle tone
-Excessive muscle tone with weak speech
-Drooling
What are the characteristics of ATAXIC dysarthria?
-Balance,
-slurred speech (drunk, irregular articulatory breakdowns during connected speech
-Slowed rate
-dysprosody
Which of the 5 speech domains does ATAXIC dysarthria affect?
-articulation
-prosody
What is the localized damage of ATAXIC dysarthria?
bilateral cerebellum
What are deficits of neuromotor bases in ATAXIC dysarthria?
-cognitive deficits
-control/ incoordination
What neurodegenerative diseases cause ATAXIC dysarthria?
-degenerative ataxia
-Multiple system atrophy
-ALS
-frontotemporal dementias
What medical dx cause ataxic dysarthria?
-tumor
-brainstem or cerebellar CVA
What are the differential features of ATAXIC dysarthria?
Jaw, face, and lingual movements are frequently dysmetric
What are the characteristics of HYPOKINETIC dysarthria?
-Tremor,
rigidity,
akinesia,
postural stability,
accelerated speech,
monoloudness,
monopitch,
scaling probs,
flat affect,
fewer breaths (try to force as many word in one breath)
Which of the 5 speech domains does HYPOKINETIC dysarthria?
Voice,
articulation,
Prosody
what is the localized damage for HYPOKINETIC dysarthria?
basal ganglia b/c lack of dopamine
