Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Wool Judging > Midterm > Flashcards

Midterm Flashcards

1
Q

Where is the Merino from?

A

Spain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Merino wool characteristics

A

-extremely fine
-tight crimp
-spin count: 64 to 70

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Reasons to raise merino

A

premium prices are paid for wool, flocking instinct, flourish in extremes of weather and environment, good mothering ability, ability to breed out of season

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Where is the Rambouillet from?

A

France

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Rambouillet wool charcateristics

A

-Spin count: 64 to 70
-tight crimp
-very fine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Reasons to raise Rambouillet

A

“dual purpose” breed, out-of-season breeder, adaptable to hot & cold climates

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Where is the columbia from?

A

Idaho

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Columbia breed history

A

a crossbreed between lincoln rams with Rambouillet ewes
-producers wanted to produce more pounds of wool

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Columbia wool charcteristics

A

-high yielding
-long stapled
-very distinct crimp
-spin count: 56-62

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Reasons to raise columbia

A

largest white-faced sheep in the world, hardy, fast growing, excellent meat quality, adaptable, excellent maternal instinct, high percentage of twins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Where is the Targhee from?

A

Idaho in the 1920’s

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Targhee genetics

A

crossbred ewes, consisting of Rambouillet, lincoln, and Corriedale genetics, were crossed with Rambouillet rams

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the targhee breed named after?

A

Targhee national forest- where the developing flock had grazed during summer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Targhee wool charcateristics

A

-high yielding
-distinct crimp
-bright white wool
-spin count: 58-62

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Where is the corriedale from?

A

New Zealand & Australia during late 1800’s

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Corriedale genetics

A

cross of lincoln or leicester rams with merino ewes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Corriedale history

A

distributed worldwide, the greatest population of sheep in south America, 2nd most significant breed after the merino

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Corriedale wool characteristics

A

-big, heavy fleeces
-very long staple length
-high yielding
-bold, distinct crimp
-Spin count: 48-56

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Corriedale reasons to raise

A

dual purpose, large framed, polled, good carcass quality, well adapted to temperate, higher rainfall zones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Delaine-merino history

A

developed to be a more practical type of sheep for western and southwestern range producers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Delaine-merino wool charcteristics

A

-high quality fine wool fleece
-tight crimp
-lower yielding due to grease
-long staple
-Spin count: 64-80
-very heavy fleeces

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Delaine-merino reasons to raise

A

-adapted to harsh range conditions
-minimum wrinkles
-medium sized
-excellent longevity
-very gregarious

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Debouillet orgin

A

developed in new Mexico in 1920
-developed to thrive in the harsh range conditions of the southwestern US

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Debouillet created by which breeds

A

Delaine- merino and Rambouillet crosses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Debouillet wool charcteristics

A

-high quality fine-wool fleece
-has tight crimp
-long staple
-spin count: 62-70

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Debouillet reasons to raise

A

-well adapted to harsh range conditions
-medium sized-lower input cost
-hardy
-very gregarious
-unassisted pasture lambing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Cormo orgin

A

developed in the early 1960s in Australia
-goal to develop larger framed, more fertile, and greater wool-producing sheep

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Cormo breed composites

A

saxon merinos ewes and Corriedale rams

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Cormo wool charcteristics

A

-high quality fine-wool
-slightly boulder crimp
-long staple
-spin count: 64-80

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Cormo reasons to raise

A

-very fertile and prolific
-high growth rates
-heavy, fine and clean fleeces
-very gregarious

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Angora goat Orgin

A

Turkey
-were imported into the US in 1849

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Grades of mohair (6)

A

-super kid
-kid
-yearling
-fine adult
-adult
-kempy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Value determining characteristics of wool

A

grade, yield, fiber length, fiber diameter, fiver integrity

34
Q

What is Wool grade classified by?

A

classifies wool by fiber diameter
-finer grades demand the highest prices
-coarser grades demand lower prices

35
Q

The three major grading systems

A

-american blood system
-spinning count
-micron diameter system

36
Q

American blood system

A

based off of the percentage of merino genetics present in the fleece
- least precise grading system

37
Q

Spinning count grade system

A

refers to the number of hanks of yarn that can be spun from one pound of wool top
-the finer the diameter- the more hanks it will produce
-ex. 64 spin count=64 hanks of yarn

38
Q

Micron diameter system

A

-most accurate grading system
-most commonly accepted fiber diameter grading system worldwide

39
Q

a micron =

A

1/ 25,400 of an inch

40
Q

Yield

A

amount of clean wool that is derived from raw wool via the scouring process

41
Q

T or F: generally yield is correlated to grade

A

True

42
Q

T or F: finer wool is generally lower yielding

A

True

43
Q

T or F: coarser wool is generally higher yielding

A

True

44
Q

Does vegetable matter have an impact on yield?

A

No

45
Q

What is yield correlated to?

A

fiber density

46
Q

Denser fibered fleeces allow for…..

A

less dirt penetration

47
Q

The three classifications for fiber length

A

staple(longest), french combing, clothing (shortest)

48
Q

What if the wool doesn’t meet its staple requirements for a grade?

A

The wool can not be combed, it is only carded

49
Q

What if the wool meets its staple requirements for its grade?

A

it can be carded and combed which creates “top”

50
Q

Fiber integrity

A

how strong the fibers are throughout the length of a lock

51
Q

Two types of low fiber strength in wool

A

-tender fibered: caused by genetics
-break: caused by stress, illness

52
Q

Which has a more negative impact on value; tender fibered or break?

A

break

53
Q

What does a fleece with a break cause in the carding/combing process?

A

noils

54
Q

What are noils?

A

waste products to worsted system and can only be used by woolen system

55
Q

What is character?

A

refers to the pleasantness each fleece is to the eye and touch

56
Q

Characteristics used to evaluate charcter

A

color, crimp, condition

57
Q

What is (good) color when referring to character?

A

-good charactered fleeces are super bright and white
-whiteness= greater dying range

58
Q

What is crimp?

A

the natural waves in the wool fiber
-gives wool its resilience and elasticity
-good character fleeces have pronounced crimp

59
Q

What is Condition? What two things make up condition?

A

how much grease wool possesses
-good character fleece will have the ideal amount of condition (not too dry but not too greasy)
Can also refer to handle, which is how soft or harsh wool is to the touch

60
Q

Uniformity

A

the variation in grade and length within a fleece
-the more uniform=the more valuable

61
Q

How do we calculate value of a fleece/ bale of wool?

A
  1. Raw weight x yield = clean weight
  2. clean weight x price/pound = market value
62
Q

The 5 wool processing systems

A

-shearing, skirting, scouring, carding, combing

63
Q

What is wool used for after manufacturing? (2 divisions)

A

-apparel: generally smaller in diameter, majority of wool
-carpet: generally larger in diameter, courser

64
Q

What two manufacturing systems are used for apparel wool?

A

worsted & woolen

65
Q

Worsted system

A

uses wool that has not been previously processed
-made up of long, smooth fibers
-used to make high-quality suits, dresses

66
Q

Wool processing systems for worsted system

A

shearing, skirting, scouring, carding, combing

67
Q

Woolen system

A

used some never before processes wool, but also used short fiber by-products from worsted mills (noils), wool waste, and recycled yarn

68
Q

Wool processing for woolen system

A

shearing, skirting, scouring, carding

69
Q

Shearing

A

the first step in wool processing
-rolled together rand placed in a bag for shipping and grading

70
Q

Skirting

A

removal of undesirable parts of fleece after shearing and before packaging
-remove belly wool, skin and manure tags, 2nd cuts

71
Q

What is the purpose of skirting?

A

to create a more uniform product

72
Q

Packaging

A

placing wool in a bag to be shipped to warehouse, then to a wool processor

73
Q

Packaging options

A

-burlap sack
-plastic sack
-nylon pack

74
Q

Burlap packaging

A

Pros: cheap and breathable
Cons: irregular shape makes storage difficult, is vegetable matter, cannot see contents

75
Q

Plastic sack packaging

A

Pros: clear, can see contents
Cons: not breathable, tears easily, irregular shape, difficult to handle when greasy

76
Q

Nylon sack packaging

A

Pros: very strong, shape aids in storage, nylon can be processed with wool, very uniform bales
Cons: requires specialized hydraulic press

77
Q

Scouring

A

washing wool, the removal of dirt and grease from wool

78
Q

Scouring train

A

big, open ended washing machine
-consist of 5 to 6 bowls with rakes and rollers
-first couple of bowls have warm water (140 F) and detergent to wash wool, last couple bowls have cold water to rinse wool
-rollers squeeze the dirt, grease and water out of the wool at the end of each bowl
-grease is captured and used to create lanolin

79
Q

Carding

A

begins to detangle and separate scoured wool fibers, aligns fibers up

80
Q

What do they use to card wool?

A

wire rollers to straighten the fibers and remove any extra vegetable matter that was not removed during the scouring process

81
Q

Combing

A

arranged long fibers in a parallel configuration by combing the wool
-removes short and tangled fibers from the product-noils
-after wool is combed, wool is called staple length top

Wool Judging (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions