midterm

Question 1

Bartolome de las Casas

Answer 1

• protested the treatment of the Caribbean natives under Spanish colonization
• one of the first Spanish settlers to the new world
• “a short account of the destruction of the indies”

Question 2

Captain John Smith

Answer 2

• “captain john smith writes about chesapeake indians of 1608”
• establishment of jamestown, leader
• ## believed native americans were a hindrance to economic expansion

Question 3

chief powatan

Answer 3

• “powhatan speaks to captain john smith”
• peace, no weapons
  ruler of the indigenous tribes in the Chesapeake bay region
• was highest authority in the land when english colonists arrived and built jamestown in 1607
• responded to captain john smith saaying they wanted to share land and resources but english just want to take things that arent theirs

Question 4

virginias slave laws

Answer 4

1661 - law making race-based slavery legal
legality to ensure systematic dehumanization
- black ppl couldnt start families and whites only schools
- prevention of african american gatherings

Question 5

john withrop

Answer 5

• “a model of christianity”
• leader of the 1st puritan colony
• “city upon a hill” metaphor (being an example to the rest of the world, American exceptionalism)

Question 6

mary rowlandson

Answer 6

• “narrative of the captivity and restoration of mrs mary rowlandson”
  kidnapped by native tribe, wrote a book abt it
• considered native americans the devils work

Question 7

the enlightenment

Answer 7

• focus on what is observable
• science over blind faith

Question 8

jonathan edwards

Answer 8

• “sinners in the hands of an angry god”
• threatened gods vengeance on unbelieving israelis
• preacher, faith over reasoning
• helped start religious revival “great awakening”

Question 9

benjamin franklin

Answer 9

• “autobiography of benjamin franklin”
• invented bifocals and other shit
• autobiography - success of the person promotes success of the nation

Question 10

thomas paine

Answer 10

“common sense” - advocated american independence from great britain

Question 11

declaration of independence

Answer 11

• way gov ought to work
• drafted by thomas jefferson

Question 12

lemuel haynes

Answer 12

• “liberty further extended” manuscript, antislavery
• black member of massachusetts militia and minister
• urged americans to extend their conception of freedom to include blacks

Question 13

US constitution

Answer 13

• fundamental laws and principles by which the US is governed

Question 14

catherine beecher

Answer 14

• “treatise on domestic economy”
• woman’s best interest to subordinate herself to men
• theres a place for women, should not vote, home duties, leave other stuff to the big ugly fat men

Question 15

maria w stewart

Answer 15

• “why sit ye here and die?”
  abolotionist and womens right advocate brought to light the life of black women. talked about how they are confined to a life of labor

Question 16

ralph waldo emerson

Answer 16

• rejected basics of christianity in favor of a religious experience
• emphasis on what the natural world has to teach us abt the devine and human nature as opposed to religion with biblical context and sunday mass

Question 17

workingmen’s party of charleston

Answer 17

society of mutual assistance and education for the laboring class.
- outlined sustained critique of capitalism how it serves to alienate and exploit workforce
- saw frontier as way to escape and way to create profit

Question 18

john L o’sullivan

Answer 18

• coined “manifest destiny”
• promoted westward expansion

Question 19

henry david thoreau

Answer 19

promoted nonviolent political protests
- individualism

Question 20

Seneca falls convention

Answer 20

women and african american men met to discuss their fight for equal rights

Question 21

margaret fuller

Answer 21

• masculinity and femininity flow into eachother
• women are never granted true access to individualism or self-reliance
• need for womens meaningful employment
• wanted women to reach full pontential

Question 22

sojourner truth

Answer 22

• “arnt i a woman”
• need to see equality among all women in order to conceptualize quality btwn sex

Question 23

frederick douglass

Answer 23

escaped slavery
- literacy is key to freedom literally and intellectually
- exposed the evils of slavery to a large public audience
- slavery corrupts everyone involved.

Question 24

george fitzuh

Answer 24

• defended slavery saying it was necessary and kinder than the real world in the north
• slave owners took good care of their slaves
• said abolitionists were mean to take away the stability of being a salve

Question 25

the civil war

Answer 25

• test of American democracy, global unrest bc of lots of revolutions
• slavery
• cultural divide btwn north and south
• americas need for more labor

Question 26

abraham lincoln

Answer 26

16th president
- freedom for all
- wanted to keep union together at any cost

Question 27

glory

Answer 27

individual interactions between strangers can resolve the cruelties of generalizations at a distance

Question 28

nevada constitution

Answer 28

basic structure of government
- only real requirement for statehood was the banning of slavery

Question 29

helen hunt jackson

Answer 29

US treated native americans unfairly, broke treaties, stole land even if the gov gave them the land to begin with
- helped native americans gain more rights leading to 1887 dawes severalty act which encouraged native americans to rely on agriculture and private property

Question 30

frederick jackson turner

Answer 30

• environmental determinist: nurture over nature, influenced by transcendentalism
• frontier as the defining element of the american character

Question 31

alcatraz proclimation

Answer 31

satiric approach stressed inequities caused by federal Indian policy
- talked abt poor conditions of the island (bay area indian community)

Question 32

theme: establishment and changes in racial identity in the colonial period through the civil war

Answer 32

• establishment of slavery laws in Virginia officially legally segregated society and stripped slaves of all rights
• slavery is integral part of the south
• abolition is a cornerstone in civil war

Question 33

theme: shifts and deployment of gender identity in the colonial period through the civil war

Answer 33

• women in the puritan colonies given little duty aside from having kids and maintaining the household (weak)
• men and womens responsibilities separated by industrialization
• creation of the cult of domesticity: womens place in the home cooking tending to house and kids, which for its time was seen as empowering and progressive

Question 34

theme: accuracy of the notion of “american exceptionalism”

Answer 34

american nation has special purpose in the world
- society doesnt need to conform bc its exceptional
- john winthrop city upon a hill, us as an example

Question 35

theme: relations between dominant power structures and dissent

Answer 35

authority vs biting your tongue

Question 36

native american tales and oral tradition

Answer 36

stories explaining natural phenomena
- stone mother - why salt cna be found near st thomas
- raven - steals the sun
- bungling host - coyote fails to provide food

Question 37

christopher columbus

Answer 37

1492 arrived to the islands of the caribbean thinking it was asia
- labeled indigenous people as indians
- letter to king and queen to tell them about all of the possibility (goods/resources, svailability of slaves