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public speaking > midterm > Flashcards

midterm Flashcards

1
Q

concerns the anxiety or fear experienced by communicators

A

communication apprehension

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2
Q

a psychological theory suggesting that people prefer information tat supports the views and avoids information that does not

A

selective exposure

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3
Q

refers to the ways in which a person attends to some auditory information (speech sound), ignoring other information

A

selective listening

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4
Q

noise

A

anything that interferes with, distorts, or slows down the transmission of information, can be internal or external

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5
Q

misunderstanding

A

refers to the inability of one or more communicators to apprehend meanings, feelings, or identities and to coordinate their behavior

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6
Q

selective perception

A
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7
Q

selective exposure

A

how audiences expose themselves to some messages while avoiding others

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8
Q

selective listening

A

the ways in which people perceive the spoken messages of others.

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9
Q

active listening

A

technique of observing and responding to a speaker’s verbal and nonverbal messages with the goal of mutual understanding

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10
Q

feedback

A

verbal/non-verbal responses to a speaker that indicates an understanding of a message

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11
Q

Response-ability

A

the ability to respond to others which is the foundation of listening and speaking

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12
Q

ethics

A

concerns the discernment of right and wrong or good and evil. In philosophy, the systematic study of ethics is sometimes referred to as morality or moral philosophy

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13
Q

direct quotations

A

you say word for word what another person has said

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14
Q

paraphrase

A

summarize the ideas or remarks of others

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15
Q

amorphous or unknown audiences

A

an audience that you know exists but whose size and demographic information are unknown.

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16
Q

social norms

A

rules that govern what is normal in a given culture.

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17
Q

gender identity

A

how you express your sex, gender, and perhaps even sexual orientation to yourself and others. Sexual orientation and gender identity are often, but not necessarily, the same.

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18
Q

invention

A

refers to the process of discovering materials and arguments for a speech

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19
Q

techne

A

a habit of mind and body that is cultivated to make something a craft

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20
Q

speech anxiety

A

the communication apprehension specific to speech making

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21
Q

visualization

A

refers to imagining the outcome of a possible course of action or behavior

22
Q

extemporaneous speaking

A

a form of public speaking that appears to require little to no preparation

23
Q

listening

A

the active process of making meaning out of another person’s spoken message

24
Q

communication

A

refers to the coordination of behavior through symbols

25
Q

plagiarism

A

the representation of someone else’s ideas or words as your own, is one of the worst kinds of expertise misrepresentation and should be strictly avoided

26
Q

sound reinforcement

A

any other objects used to present audiovisual aids. To enhance your speech

27
Q

audience analysis

A

knowing what the physical setting and constraints are for a given audience

28
Q

demography

A

study of the statistical characteristics of a given population

29
Q

stereotype

A

an overgeneralization about a group a person or group based on assumed characteristics

30
Q

implicit bias

A

refers to unconscious beliefs, feelings, attitudes, and stereotypes about others that influence our decisions and behavior.

31
Q

sexual orientation

A

refers to the gender identity of those with whom you choose to be intimate.

32
Q

informal audience analysis

A

refers to the way in which a speaker gathers information about their audience in an unsystematic way

33
Q

formal audience analysis

A

employing various tools and methods for gathering information about people, such as focus groups, interviews, or surveys

34
Q

identification

A

when both audience and speaker forget the differences between them by recognizing that they are alike in some fundamental way

35
Q

belief

A

the ideas we have about reality. Beliefs vary in strength, too: some beliefs are relatively inconsequential to us, while others are more central.

36
Q

attitude

A

a group of beliefs that form around a common object and predispose behavior.

37
Q

values

A

the core beliefs of an individual and are almost impervious to change

38
Q

psychological audience analysis

A

is the anticipation of audience feelings and an attempt to marshal those feelings in order to change beliefs, attitudes, values, or behavior.

39
Q

audience disposition

A

what you do with this information depends on the disposition and attitudes of the audience

40
Q

speech situation

A

both the exigency or reason for giving a speech as well as those things that constrain what can be said.

41
Q

brainstorming

A

the creative process of developing ideas and solutions to problems.

42
Q

concept map

A

a visual representation of the relationships between different concepts, usually depicted with arrows and lines.

43
Q

general speech purpose

A

answers the question why with regard to the topic, audience, and occasion, and is framed around informing, persuading, or celebrating

44
Q

specific purpose statement

A

a single sentence, often beginning with the word “to,” that explicitly identifies the topic and purpose of your presentation.

45
Q

thesis statement

A

a single sentence that expresses the central idea or topic and indirectly presents the purpose of a speech.

46
Q

form

A

the activation and satisfaction of expectations in audiences.

47
Q

genre

A

a label for a widely recognized form or pattern of discourse in a given culture.

48
Q

informative speaking

A

speech that attempts to introduce or impart new knowledge and information to audiences

49
Q

description

A

evoking sights, sounds, and smells to give an audience a mental sense of an event, a process, or an object.

50
Q

definition

A

an explanation or description of the meaning of a term or concept.

51
Q

narration

A

the telling of a story, or a verbal account of an event or series of events.

public speaking (1 decks)

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